The Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Postoperative Comfort in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: A Cross-Sectional Study in Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 419 - 425, 24.09.2024

Aysel Doğan , Veli Eşref Karasu , Batuhan Taşçıoğlu , Onur Kotluk , Züleyha Cırık

https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1523158

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the relationship between perceived social support and comfort in coronary artery bypass graft patients.
Material and Method: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study was conducted with 250 patients hospitalized for CABG surgery in a public hospital in southern Türkiye between April 1, 2022 - April 1, 2023. Research data were collected using a personal information form, the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS), and the General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ). The principles of the Declaration of Helsinki were adopted at every stage.
Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the participants' MSPSS score averages according to having children, marital status, and income level (p<0.05). A significant difference was found between the participants' average GCQ scores according to marital status, having children, age, profession, and previous surgery history (p<0.05). The patients' mean MSPSS total score is 69.67±21.91 and their GCQ total mean score is 2.93±0.36. A moderate positive correlation was found between the MSPSS and the GCQ perceived by the patients (r=0.495, p<0.001).
Conclusion: It is understood that strengthening patients' social support systems are important in increasing comfort. For this reason, during surgical care, nurses should ensure that patients receive support from social resources in addition to professional nursing care to increase patient comfort.

Keywords

Care, coronary artery bypass surgery, education, nurse, social support, society

Supporting Institution

TorosUniversity

Project Number

TORLAD /2022

Thanks

The authors would like to thank Nurse Esen DOLU, who contributed to the data collection process of this study, Fatma KARASU, who contributed to data analysis and interpretation, and the patients who voluntarily participated in the study and answered the survey and scale questions.

References

• Koçaşlı S, Kanan N. Physical and psychosocial recovery status of patients after open heart surgery. Genel Sağ Bil Derg. 2020;2:146-58.
• Malakar, Choudhury D, Halder B, et al. A review on coronary artery disease, its risk factors, and therapeutics. J Cell Physi. 2019;16812-23.
• WHO: Monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240094703 access date 25.05.2024
• Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: update from the GBD 2019 study. J American College Cardio. 2020;76:2982-3021. Erratum in: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;77:1958-9.
• Mavili İ, Şahutoğlu C, Pestilci Z, et al. Early complications and associated etiological factors after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. GKDAD. 2016;22:16-23.
• Koivula M, Paunonen-Ilmonen M, Tarkka MT, et al. Social support and its relation to fear and anxiety in patients awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting. J Clin Nurs. 2002;11:622-33.
• Kok XLF, Newton JT, Jones EM, et al. Social support and pre-operative anxiety in patients undergoing elective surgical procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Health Psych. 2023;28:309-27.
• Balanuye B, Bulut H. Post-operative adaptation process of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Başkent Üni Sağ Bilim Fak Derg. 2021;6:232-43.
• Dığın F, Karabiber M. Determination of anxiety and depression levels and affecting factors in patients who will have coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Gevher Nesibe J Med Health Sci. 2023;8:1070-8.
• Richter D, Guasti L, Walker D, et al. Frailty in cardiology: definition, assessment and clinical implications for general cardiology. A consensus document of the council for cardiology practice (CCP), association for acute cardio vascular care (ACVC), association of cardiovascular nursing and allied professions (ACNAP), European association of preventive cardiology (EAPC), European heart rhythm association (EHRA), council on valvular heart diseases (VHD), council on hypertension (CHT), council of cardio-oncology (CCO), working group (WG) aorta and peripheral vascular diseases, WG e-cardiology, WG thrombosis, of the European society of cardiology, European primary care cardiology society (EPCCS). Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022;29:216-27.
• Sorensen EA, Wang F. Social support, depression, functional status, and gender differences in older adults undergoing first-time coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Heart Lung. 2009;38:306-17.
• Castro MDL, Alves M, Papoila AL, et al. One-year survival after cardiac surgery in frail older people—social support matters: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Med. 2023;12:4702.
• Doğan A, Saritaş S. The effects of neuro-linguistic programming and guided imagery on the pain and comfort after open-heart surgery. J Card Surg. 2021;36:2389-97.
• Krinsky R, Murillo I, Johnson J. A practical application of Katharine Kolcaba's comfort theory to cardiac patients. Applied Nurs Res. 2014;27:147-50.
• Seyedfatemi N, Rafii F, Rezaei M, Kolcaba K. Comfort and hope in the preanesthesia stage in patients undergoing surgery. J PeriAn Nurs. 2014;29:213-20.
• Gök F, Yeşilyaprak T. Relationship between the perception of self-efficacy and early post-operative symptoms in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery with median sternotomy. MAS J Appl Sci. 2022;7:910-21.
• Yaşar H, Dal NA. The relationship between perceived social support during pregnancy and postpartum comfort. Sağ Bil Derg. 2022;31:29-35.
• Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G* Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Beh R Methods. 2009;41:1149-60.
• Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, et al. The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. J Personality Assessment. 1988;52:30-41.
• Eker D, Arkar H. Factor structure, validity and reliability of the multidimensional perceived social support scale. Türk Psik Derg. 1995;10:45-55.
• Kolcaba KY, Kolcaba RJ. An analysis of the concept of comfort. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1991;16:1301-10.
• Kuğuoğlu S, Karabacak Ü. Turkish version of the general comfort questionnaire. Florence Nightingale J Nurs. 2008;16:16-23.
• Özkan ZK, Dığın F, Koç E. Kraniyal ve spinal cerrahi uygulanan hastaların konfor düzeyi ve etkileyen faktörler. Sağ Yaşam Bil Derg. 2024;6:1-6.
• Üstündağ H, & Aslan FE. Perianestezi Konfor Ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlaması. Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2010;2:94-9.
• Köseoğlu Örnek Ö, Günaydin H, Kolaç N, et al. Anxiety levels of cardiovascular surgery patients: investigation of coping methods, self-efficacy level and social support mechanisms: descriptive and relational res. Turkiye Klin Cardiovas Sci. 2022;34:35-42.
• McCann WD, Hou XY, Stolic S. et al. Predictors of psychological distress among post-operative cardiac patients: a narrative review. Healthcare. 2023;11:2721.
• Tufan İ, Kılavuz A, Özgür Ö, et al. Atlas of gerontology in Turkey: Findings on elderly poverty and loneliness. Geriatrik Bil Derg. 2019;2:1-7.
• Bakır GK, Yurt S. Evaluation of the comfort level of patients undergoing surgical operations. Sağlık ve Toplum. 2020;20:158-65.
• Jose L, Sams LM. A correlation study on patients satisfaction with their pain management and comfort level after open heart surgery in selected hospital at mangaluru. Inter J Nurs Edu Res. 2015;3:419-22.
• Karabulut N, Aktas YY, Gurcayır D, et al. Patient satisfaction with their pain management and comfort level after open heart surgery. Australian J Adv Nurs. 2015;32:16-24.
• Soltani E, Nomali M, Ghiyasvandian S, et al. Effect of listening to preferred music on general comfort level among patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Med Res. 2018;4:234-9.
• Dolu İ, Demirtaş H, Çelik S. A prospective study on activities of daily living, comfort, body image, and cardiac symptoms in coronary artery bypass patients. Pain Manag Nurs. Published online May 07, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.04.014
• Yıldırım M, Tanrıverdi FÇ. Social support, resilience and subjective well-being in college students. J Positive School Psych. 2021;5:127-35.
• Kim H, Bae SH, Lim SH, et al. Predictors of health-related quality of life after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Sci Rep. 2022;12:16119.