ULUSLARARASI ÖĞRENCİ GÖÇÜNE YÖNELİK FARKLI ÜLKELERDEKİ UYGULAMALAR VE TÜRKİYE İÇİN ÖNERİLER

Abstract

Göç, yaşanan kitlesel savaşların etkisiyle 20. yüzyıldan itibaren oldukça fazla dikkat çeken bir konu başlığı olmuştur. Özellikle 21. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğini tamamlamaya yaklaştığımız günümüze kadar gelen süreçte, göç bağlamında ele alınabilecek çok çeşitli uzmanlık alanlarında akademik ve bilimsel çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar içinde, eğitimin uluslararası boyutunu, göç bağlamında irdeleyen çalışmaların sayısının, konu ile ilgili diğer başlıklara nispeten daha az olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Bugün, dünya genelinde 8 milyona yakın uluslararası öğrenci olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Bu sayısal verinin, ekonomi başta olmak üzere çeşitli alanlardaki katkılarının farkında olan devletler, bu piyasadan daha fazla pay almak adına çeşitli stratejiler uygulamaktadır. Bu uluslararası öğrencilerin bir kısmı kısa-orta vadede kendi ülkesinin dışında eğitim alarak ülkelerine dönerken, diğer bir kısmı ise uluslararası öğrenci olarak eğitim aldığı ülkede daha uzun süreli kalmakta, hatta eğitimleri sonrası bu ülkeye göç etmektedir. Uluslararası öğrenci göçü olarak adlandırılan bu kitlesel hareketlilik, eğitimin uluslararası boyutu açısından farklı yaklaşımları beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu durum, ülkelerin uluslararası eğitime yönelik politikalarına yansımaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada eğitim ve göç arasındaki etkileşime odaklanılmakta ve uluslararası öğrenci göçü irdelenerek ülkelerin göç politikalarında eğitimin yeri incelenmektedir. Ayrıca, uygulanan bu politikalar ışığında, uluslararası öğrencilere yönelik son zamanlarda ortaya çıkan sorunlar çerçevesinde Türkiye’ye yönelik öneriler sıralanmaktadır.

Keywords

• Göç ve eğitim
• uluslararası öğrenci göçü
• öğrenci göçmenler
• uluslararası eğitim
• eğitimde uluslararasılaşma

PRACTICES IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES REGARDING INTERNATIONAL STUDENT MIGRATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TÜRKİYE

Abstract

Migration have been a topic that has attracted much attention since the 20th century due to the impact of mass wars. Academic and scientific studies on migration have been conducted in various areas of expertise, especially as we approach the completion of the first quarter of the 21st century. It is worth noting that there are relatively fewer studies focusing on the international dimension of education in the context of migration. Currently, there are approximately 8 million international students worldwide. Many countries recognize the economic contributions of international students and are developing strategies to attract more students. While some international students return to their home countries after completing their education abroad, others choose to stay longer or even immigrate to the country where they studied. This movement of people, known as international student migration, brings new challenges and opportunities in the realm of international education. It also influences countries' policies on international education. This study explores the relationship between education and migration, analyzing the role of education in countries' migration policies through the lens of international student migration. Additionally, the study provides recommendations for Türkiye based on the emerging issues faced by international students.

Keywords

• Migration and education
• international student migration
• student immigrants
• international education
• internationalization of education

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