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Mülteciler ve Mülteci Çocukların Ruhsal Durumu

Year 2016, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 43 - 76, 01.06.2016
https://doi.org/10.12738/mejrs.2016.1.1.0003

Abstract

Son yıllarda özellikle Orta Doğu’da savaşın şiddetlenmesi ile bölge ülkelerine yoğun bir mülteci akını olmuştur. Ev sahibi ülkelere yerleşen bu mülteci bireylerin hukuki sorunları, eğitim, sağlık, barınma, temiz su, sağlıklı gıda temin edilmesi ve çalışma hakları gibi önemli konular ilgili ülkelerde tartışılmaktadır. Mülteci bireylerin yaşadıkları zorlu olayların yanı sıra ev sahibi ülkede bulundukları sırada aldıkları sosyal desteğin ruh sağlığı üzerinde önemli etkileri olduğu bilinmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde mülteci olmanın önemli ruhsal sorunlarla yol açtığı anlaşılmaktadır. Mülteci bireyler, önemli oranda ayrımcılığa uğramakta birçok ülkede ötekileştirilmekte temel insani haklardan mahrum bırakılmaktadır. Derlememizde ülkemizdeki mülteci çocukların hukuksal haklarının anlaşılması, yaşadıkları önemli ruhsal travmaların, ruhsal sorunları arttıran risk faktörlerinin belirtilmesi, tedavi süreci gerektiren çocukların belirlenmesi ve tedavinin sürdürülebilmesi amacıyla okulların da içinde olduğu çalışmalar yapılması gerektiği, bazı olguların psikiyatrik terapotik desteğe veya ilaç alımına ihtiyaç duyabileceği anlatılmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çocukların toplumsal uyumunun nasıl sağlanacağı ile ilgili önerilerde bulunmak ve mülteci krizi ile ilgili farkındalığı artırmak amaçlanmaktadır.

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Refugees and Mental State of Refugee Children

Year 2016, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 43 - 76, 01.06.2016
https://doi.org/10.12738/mejrs.2016.1.1.0003

Abstract

In this study, various ways of describing Syrian refugees as used by a specific group of social media users who identify themselves as “dictionary writers” have been studied through critical discursive psychology and interpretative repertoires. Ekşi and Uludağ collaborative dictionaries, which are the most popular online dictionary sites in Turkey, were used as a database in the process of collecting data, giving the opportunity to reach various discursive repertoires. One hundred web pages from Ekşi Dictionary 10 entries per page, a total of 1000 entries were analyzed. Fourteen web pages from Uludağ Dictionary 25 entries per page except for five entries on the last page, a total of 330 entries were also analyzed. When quoting extracts from the collaborative dictionaries, the page count was taken into consideration, thus more extracts were taken from Ekşi Dictionary. Extracts were analyzed using the critical discursive approach. As a result of this research, seven different repertoires were defined. First of all is the repertoire of “threat,” in which Syrian asylum seekers are constructed as a threat in two forms: while the asylum seeker is the primary threat in its first form, they are seen as the tool of the primary threat in its second form. According to the repertoire of “othering,” Syrian asylum seekers are “otherized” through subjection to humiliation, marginalization, and dehumanization. In the repertoire of “Muslim,” Syrian asylum seekers are defined with a supra-identity as a Muslim beyond national identities, positioning the dictionary writer on similar ground with the asylum seeker. In the repertoire of “empathy,” the refugees are the subject of statements regarding humanity as the common ground. In the repertoire of “normative refugee” an absolute refugee frame is sketched, discussing whether a Syrian refugee fills this frame or not and how they fit in. According to the repertoire of “administration problem,” the inadequate policies of government in relation to the current situation are held responsible and the refugees are identified as victims of governmental policies. Finally, in the seventh repertoire, which can be referred to as “economic burden,” the refugees are described as a burden on the economic system; they are given shelter and care but are also unwanted by the Turkish people.

References

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  • Child Abuse & Neglect, 21(4), 351–366. Barkın, A. E. (2014). 1951 Tarihli Mülteciliğin Önlenmesi Sözleşmesi. Ankara
  • Barosu Dergileri, 72(1), 331–361. Bas̨oğlu, M., & Paker, M. (1995). Severity of trauma as predictor of long-term psychological status in survivors of torture. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 9(4), 339–350.
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  • Current Psychiatry Reports, 17(4), 1–10. Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology, (1), 5–34.
  • Berry, J. W. (2009). A critique of critical acculturation. International Journal of
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  • Bronstein, I., & Montgomery, P. (2011). Psychological distress in refugee children
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  • Daud, A., Af Klinteberg, B., & Rydelius, P.-A. (2008). Resilience and vulnerability among refugee children of traumatized and non-traumatized parents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2(1), 7-17.
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  • Day, T. (2005, September). Harmony in diversity: Using music therapy to address the needs of traumatized refugee youth. Paper presented at the THEMHS Conference, Sydney, Australia.
  • Dudley, M., Steel, Z., Mares, S., & Newman, L. (2012). Children and young people in immigration detention. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25(4), 285–292.
  • Eggli, A. V. (2002). Mass refugee influx and the limits of public international law
  • (Vol. 6). Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. Ergüven, N, Özturanlı, B. (2013). Uluslararası Mülteci Hukuku ve Türkiye. Ankara
  • Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 62(4), 1007-1061.
  • Farwell, N. (2003). In war’s wake: Contextualizing trauma experiences and psychosocial well-being among Eritrean youth. International Journal of Mental Health, 32, 20–50.
  • Fazel, M., & Stein, A. (2002). The mental health of refugee children. Archives of
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  • Fazel, M., Wheeler, J., & Danesh, J. (2005). Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in Western countries: A systematic review. The Lancet, (9467), 1309–1314.
  • Felsman, J. K., Leong, F. T., Johnson, M. C., & Felsman, I. C. (1990). Estimates of psychological distress among Vietnamese refugees: Adolescents, unaccompanied minors and young adults. Social Science & Medicine, 31(11), 1251–1256.
  • Foa, E. B., & Meadows, E. A. (1998). Psychosocial treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological trauma. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
  • Foner, N. (1997). The immigrant family: Cultural legacies and cultural changes.
  • International Migration Review, 31, 961–974. Garmezy, N. E., & Rutter, M. E. (1983). Stress, coping, and development in children.
  • Ney Work, NY: McGraw Hill. Geltman, P. L., Augustyn, M., Barnett, E. D., Klass, P. E., & Groves, B. M. (2000). War trauma experience and behavioral screening of Bosnian refugee children resettled in
  • Massachusetts. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 21(4), 255–261. Geltman, P. L., Grant-Knight, W., Mehta, S. D., Lloyd-Travaglini, C., Lustig, S., Landgraf, J. M., & Wise, P. H. (2005). The “lost boys of Sudan”: Functional and behavioral health of unaccompanied refugee minors resettled in the United States.
  • Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 159(6), 585–591. Goodwin-Gill, G. S., McAdam, J., & McAdam, J. (1996). The refugee in international law. New York, NY: Clarendon Press Oxford.
  • Heptinstall, E., Sethna, V., & Taylor, E. (2004). PTSD and depression in refugee children. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 13(6), 373–380.
  • Hetrick, S. E., Purcell, R., Garner, B., & Parslow, R. (2010). Combined pharmacotherapy and psychological therapies for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cochrane
  • Database of Systematic Reviews, 7. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007316
  • Hjern, A., Angel, B., & Jeppson, O. (1998). Political violence, family stress and mental health of refugee children in exile. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 26(1), 18–25.
  • Hodes, M. (2000). Psychologically distressed refugee children in the United
  • Kingdom. Child Psychology and Psychiatry Review, 5(2), 57–68. İçişleri Bakanlığı. (2014, 13 Ekim). 2014/6883 karar sayılı Geçici Koruma
  • Yönetmeliği. T.C. Resmi Gazete, 29153.
  • Kunz, E. F. (1973). The Refugee in flight: Kinetic models and forms of displacement.
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There are 91 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Serhat Nasıroğlu This is me

Veysi Çeri This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Nasıroğlu, S., & Çeri, V. (2016). Refugees and Mental State of Refugee Children. Middle East Journal of Refugee Studies, 1(1), 43-76. https://doi.org/10.12738/mejrs.2016.1.1.0003