Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy, 1960 ile Ağır Metal Kirliliğinin İzlenmesi: Akliman ve Karakum'dan Yaz Mevsimi Örnekleri

Abstract

Bu çalışma, deniz kirliliğinin bir biyogöstergesi olarak kabul edilen kahverengi makroalg Padina pavonica’da kadmiyum (Cd), cıva (Hg), kurşun (Pb), mangan (Mn), demir (Fe) ve çinko (Zn) metallerinin biyobirikimini incelemektedir. Metal konsantrasyonlarındaki mekânsal değişimleri değerlendirmek amacıyla 2022 yazında Sinop ili (Karadeniz) kıyılarında yer alan Akliman ve Karakum bölgelerinden deniz suyu, sediman ve makroalg örnekleri toplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, P. pavonica’da metal birikiminin örnekleme alanına bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermiştir. En yüksek Fe seviyesi Karakum’da (1608,9 mg kg-1) ve ardından Akliman’da (903,7 mg kg-1) kaydedilmiştir. Akliman’daki metal birikimi sıralaması Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cd > Hg şeklindeyken, Karakum’ta Zn konsantrasyonları Mn’den daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Deniz suyu analizlerinde Akliman bölgesinde Pb ve Mn düzeylerinin nispeten yüksek olduğu belirlenmiş, bu durum potansiyel insan kaynaklı kirlilik etkenlerine işaret etmektedir. Mn için Biyota Konsantrasyon Faktörü (BCF) oldukça yüksek bulunmuş, bu da makroalg tarafından önemli miktarda alındığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, Cd ve Zn için Biyota-Sediman Akümülasyon Faktörü (BSAF) değerlerinin 2’nin üzerinde olması, bu metallerin P. pavonica dokularında sedimana kıyasla önemli ölçüde biriktiğini göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, kıyı sularının ekolojik durumu hakkında temel bilgiler sunmakta ve P. pavonica’nın ağır metal kirliliği için etkili bir biyogösterge olarak kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• Çevresel izleme
• makroalg
• Sinop
• Padina pavonica
• kirlilik

Monitoring Heavy Metal Pollution with Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy, 1960: Summer Season Samples from Akliman and Karakum

Abstract

This study investigates the bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in Padina pavonica, a brown macroalga recognized as a bioindicator of marine pollution. Samples of seawater, sediment, and macroalgae were collected from two coastal sites, Akliman and Karakum (Sinop Province, Black Sea), during the summer of 2022 to assess spatial variations in metal concentrations. The findings revealed location-dependent differences in metal accumulation in P. pavonica, with the highest Fe levels recorded in Karakum (1608.9 mg kg-1), followed by Akliman (903.7 mg kg-1). In Akliman, the descending order of metal concentrations was Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cd > Hg, whereas in Karakum, Zn concentrations exceeded those of Mn. Seawater analyses revealed relatively high levels of Pb and Mn in Akliman, pointing to possible anthropogenic inputs. The Biota Concentration Factor (BCF) for Mn was particularly high, demonstrating substantial uptake by the macroalgae. Moreover, the Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor (BSAF) values exceeded 2 for both Cd and Zn, signifying substantial accumulation in the algal tissue relative to sediment concentrations. These findings provide basic information on the ecological condition of the coastal waters and demonstrate that P. pavonica could serve as an effective biomonitor for heavy metal pollution.

Keywords

• Environmental monitoring
• macroalgae
• Sinop
• Padina pavonica
• pollution

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