YAYGIN EĞİTİMİN (HALK EĞİTİMİ MERKEZLERİ) KADIN GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNE GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 18, 24 - 47, 29.04.2023

Havva Arabacı , Nurcan Özkan

https://doi.org/10.54707/meric.1239399

Öz

Yaygın eğitim insanların kendilerini yenilemelerini, toplumsal farklılaşmanın getirmiş olduğu yeni koşullara daha iyi adapte olmalarını ve örgün eğitimde oluşan bazı eksikliklerini tamamlamaları yönünden önemlidir. Yaş, eğitim düzeyi, öğrenme isteği, cinsiyet ve farklı ihtiyaçları bulunan bireyleri hedef kitlesine aldığı için çok kapsamlı ve heterojen özellik göstermektedir. Yaygın eğitimin amacı bireyin yeteneklerini arttırmasını sağlamak ve aynı zamanda örgün eğitimi eksik olan bireylere temel eğitim imkânı sunmaktır. Kişisel sorunları çözmeleri yönünde bilgiler de paylaşılmaktadır. Yaygın eğitim içerik olarak yetişkin bireyler ve özellikle de kadınlar için meslek edindirme kursları açmaktadır. Türkiye’de en büyük yaygın eğitim veren kurum Halk Eğitimi Merkezleridir. 1956 yılından günümüze ülke genelinde kurulma çalışmalarına başlandı ve etkinlikleri il ve ilçelerde devam etmektedir. Bu merkezler bilgisizlik, okuma yazma eksikliği, demode davranış ve inançlar, akla dayanmayan davranışların terk edilmesi gibi konularda bireylerin kendilerini geliştirmelerine ve olgunlaşmasına yardım etmektedir. Ayrıca, köylü, kentli, işçi, işveren, çiftçi, esnaf, ev hanımı, serbest meslek gibi toplumun değişik statülerinde bulunan bireylerin farklı beklenti ve ihtiyaçları nedeniyle yaygın eğitim faaliyetleri oldukça kapsamlıdır. Halk Eğitimi Merkezleri çoğunlukla kadın el sanatları ve giyim alanında uzmanlaşmış bayan öğretmenlerden oluştuğu için, açılan kurslar da daha çok bu alanlara yönelik olmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de Halk Eğitimi Merkezleri kurslarının kadınların işgücüne katılımını ve gelirlerini arttırmayı amaçlayan ve hobi geliştirme konusunda yaygın eğitim kapsamında bulunan faaliyetler ve önemleri ele alınarak incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Non-Formal Education, Public Education Centers, Course, Women, Yaygın eğitim, Halk Eğitimi Merkezleri, Kurs, Kadın

AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN'S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS)

Öz

Non-formal education is important for people to renew themselves, to better adapt to the new conditions brought by social differentiation, and to complete some of their deficiencies in formal education. Since it includes individuals with age, education level, desire to learn, gender and different needs, it shows a very comprehensive and heterogeneous feature. The aim of non-formal education is to enable individuals to increase their abilities and at the same time to provide basic education opportunities to individuals who lack formal education. Information is also shared to help them solve personal problems. Non-formal education opens vocational courses for adults and especially women. Public Education Centers are the largest non-formal education institutions in Turkey. Establishment works have been started throughout the country since 1956 and its activities continue in provinces and districts. These centers help individuals develop and mature on issues such as ignorance, illiteracy, outmoded behaviors and beliefs, and abandonment of unreasonable behaviors. In addition, non-formal education activities are quite extensive due to the different expectations and needs of individuals from different statuses of the society, such as peasants, urbanites, workers, employers, farmers, tradesmen, housewives, and self-employed. Since the Public Education Centers mostly consist of female teachers specialized in women's handicrafts and clothing, the courses opened are mostly for these fields. In this study, the activities of Public Education Centers in Turkey, which aim to increase women's participation in the workforce and their income, and which are within the scope of non-formal education in hobby development, and their importance are examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Non-Formal Education, Public Education Centers, Course, Women, Yaygın eğitim, Halk Eğitimi Merkezleri

Kaynakça

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