Türkçe Metaforların İşlemlenmesi: Bir Göz İzleme Çalışması

Year 2018, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 105 - 124, 01.01.2018

Elif Arıca Akkök , İpek Pınar Bekar Uzun

Abstract

İnsanın bilişsel
sisteminin doğal bir ürünü olduğu kabul edilen metaforların işlemlenmesine
ilişkin çalışmaların bir kısmı, metaforların süreç-dışında, bir kısmı da
süreç-içinde nasıl işlemlendiğine odaklanmaktadır. Sessiz okuma sırasında
davranışsal tepkilerin ölçüldüğü süreç-içi araştırmalar, kendi hızında okuma,
göz izleme, beyin görüntüleme gibi farklı yöntemleri temel almaktadır. Bu
araştırmada, sessiz okuma sırasında öntürsel ve öntürden uzak kavramlarla,
farklı bilinirlik düzeylerindeki metaforların işlemlenmesi ele alınacaktır.
Araştırmada, sessiz okuma sırasında öntürsel ve öntürden uzak kavramlara ve
bilinirlik düzeyi yüksek olan ve olmayan metaforlara yönelik davranışsal
tepkilerin sınanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çerçevede araştırmada, Türkçede sessiz
okuma sırasında (a) öntürü temsil eden kavramların işlemlenmesi, (b) öntürden
uzak kavramların işlemlenmesi, (c) bilinirlik düzeyi yüksek olan metaforların
işlemlenmesi, (d) bilinirlik düzeyi düşük olan metaforların işlemlenmesi
süreçlerinde göz izleme yöntemiyle ölçülen davranışsal tepkilerin neler olduğu
sorularına yanıt aranmıştır. Araştırmada farklı katılımcılardan oluşan toplam
üç deney gerçekleştirilmiştir. SMI RED 500 Hz göz izleme sistemiyle uygulanan
deneylere hazırlayıcı olması amacıyla uygulanan davranışsal deneylerin de
bulgularının tartışıldığı bu araştırmada, öntürden uzak kavramların öntürü
temsil eden kavramlardan, bilinirlik düzeyi düşük olan metaforların bilinirlik
düzeyi yüksek olan metaforlardan daha uzun sürede işlemlendiği sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

metafor, göz izleme, sabitleme, sessiz okuma, öntür, çevresel

Metaphor Processing in Turkish: An Eye-movement Study

Abstract

Some studies about
processing metaphors, which are accepted to be a natural product of the human
cognitive system, focus on off-line processing where some focus on on-line
processing of metaphors. Online studies where behavioral reactions are measured
during silent reading are based on various methods such as self-paced reading, eye
tracking and brain imaging techniques. This research will handle processing of
prototypical and peripheral concepts and metaphors with varying degrees of
familiarity during silent reading. This research aims to test behavioral
reactions to prototypical and peripheral concepts and familiar and unfamiliar
metaphors during silent reading. In this frame, behavioral reactions during
silent reading in Turkish are measured by eye-tracking method trying to answer
how (a) prototypical concepts are processed, (b) peripheral concepts are
processed, (c) metaphors with a high degree of familiarity are processed, (d)
metaphors with a low degree of familiarity are processed. To answer these
questions two pilot experiments and one main experiment has been carried out
with separate subjects. In the research, where the findings of behavioral
experiments which are applied as preparation to the main experiment with SMI
RED 500 Hz eye-tracking device are discussed as well, it is found that
peripheral concepts are processed in a longer time compared to prototypical
concepts, and metaphors with a low level of familiarity are processed in a
longer time compared to metaphors with a high degree of familiarity.

Keywords

metaphor, eye-movement, fixation, silent reading, prototypical

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