Determination of nurses' anti-vaccination levels

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the nurses' anti-vaccination levels. Method: The study was carried out descriptively and cross-sectionally in a training and research hospital between September 15 and September 30,2022. We reached 282 nurses, who agreed to participate in the study and were not on leave during the study dates, without sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with nurses using Personal Information Form and Anti-vaccination Scale. In this study, scientific and universal principles were followed and necessary permissions were obtained. Data were analyzed in IBM SPSS v25 package program. Statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Since the data were normally distributed, Independent Sample T test and One-Way ANOVA test were used to compare nurses' descriptive characteristics and scale scores. Results: The mean age of the nurses participating in the study was 39.60±7.43 (min=20, max=59). 90.8% of the nurses were women, 83.3% were married, 72.0% were undergraduate graduates and 62.1% were working as service nurses. The total score of the Nurses' Anti-Vaccination Scale was 46.82±12.43 (min=21, max=90). Statistically significant difference was found between total score of the Vaccine Opposition Scale and the nurses' hesitations about vaccination, their status of having children and their knowledge about vaccination (p<0.05). Conclusion: In our study, nurses' anti-vaccination was moderate. Nurses who were hesitant about vaccination and got information about the vaccine from their relatives/friends had a higher total score on the Anti-Vaccination Scale, and lower total score on the Anti-Vaccination Scale for nurses who had children.

Keywords

• Vaccine
• anti-vaccine
• nurse

Hemşirelerin aşı karşıtlığı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemşirelerin aşı karşıtlığı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Çalışma 15 Eylül-30 Eylül 2022 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinde tanımlayıcı olarak yapıldı. Örneklem seçimine gidilmeyip çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden, çalışma tarihlerinde izinli ve raporlu olmayan 282 hemşireye ulaşıldı. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği kullanılarak hemşireler ile yüz yüze görüşülerek toplandı. Bu çalışmada bilimsel ve evrensel ilkelere uyuldu ve gerekli izinler alındı. Veriler IBM SPSS v25 paket programda analiz edildi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak kabul edildi. Veriler normal dağıldığından hemşirelerin tanıtıcı özellikleri ile ölçek puanlarının karşılaştırmasında Independent Sample T testi ve One-Way ANOVA testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 39.60±7.43 (min=20, max=59)’tür. Hemşirelerin %90.8’i kadın olup, %83.3’ü evli, %72.0’si lisans mezunu ve %62.1’i servis hemşiresi olarak çalışmaktadır. Hemşirelerin Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği toplam puanı 46.82±12.43’tür (min=21, max=90). Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği toplam puanı ile hemşirelerin aşı tereddütü yaşamaları, çocuk sahibi olma durumları ve aşı hakkında bilgi durumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda hemşirelerin aşı karşıtlığı orta düzeydedir. Aşı tereddütü yaşayan ve akrabasından/arkadaşından aşı hakkında bilgi edinen hemşirelerin Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği toplam puanı daha yüksek, çocuk sahibi olan hemşirelerin Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği toplam puanı daha düşüktür.

Keywords

• Aşı
• aşı karşıtlığı
• hemşire

References

1. World Health Organization. Immunization. https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-in-pictures/detail/immunization. 15 Ekim 2022 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
2. Neumann-Böhme S, Varghese NE, Sabat I, and et al. Once we have it, will we use it? A European survey on willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19. The European Journal of Health Economics. 2020;21(7):977–982.
3. World Health Organization. Vaccines and immunization. https://www.who.int/health-topics/vaccines-and-immunization#tab=tab_1. 15 Ekim 2022 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
4. Poland CM, & Ratishvili T. Vaccine hesitancy and health care providers: Using the preferred cognitive styles and decision- making model and empathy tool to make progress. Vaccine X. 2022; 11(41): 100174.
5. MacDonald NE, & SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants. Vaccine. 2015;33(34): 4161–4164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.036.
6. World Health Organization. Ten threats to global health in 2019. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019. 15 Ekim 2022 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
7. Hasnan S, Tan NC. Multi-domain narrative review of vaccine hesitancy in childhood. Vaccine, 2021;39(14):1910–1920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.057.
8. Kwok KO, Li KK, Wei WI, Tang A, Wong S, Lee SS. Editor's Choice: Influenza vaccine uptake, COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2021;114: 103854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103854.

9. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers and their patients in Europe – A qualitative study. Stockholm: ECDC; 2015. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/media/en/publications/Publications/vaccine-hesitancy-among-healthcare-workers.pdf. Ekim 2015’te basıldı. 15 Ekim 2022’de erişildi.
10. Karafillakis E, Dinca I, Apfel F, Cecconi S, Wűrz A, Takacs J, et.al. Vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Europe: A qualitative study. Vaccine. 2016;34(41), 5013–5020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.029.
11. Alame M, Kaddoura M, Kharroubi S, Ezzeddine F, Hassan G, Diab El-Harakeh M, et. al. Uptake rates, knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward seasonal influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in Lebanon. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(11):4623-4631. https://doi:10.1080/21645515.2021.1948783.
12. Meysamie A, Ghasemi E, Moshksar S, Askarian M. "Intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers: a comparison between two surveys". BMC Health Services Research. 2022;22(1): 982. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08379-3.
13. Vuong L, Bidwell JT, Apesoa-Varano EC, Cothran FA, Catz SL. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and intent in California registered nurses. Vaccine X. 2022;11: 100162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100162.
14. Tomljenovic M, Petrovic G, Antoljak N, Hansen L. Vaccination attitudes, beliefs and behaviours among primary health care workers in northern Croatia. Vaccine. 2021;39(4): 738–745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.11.049.
15. Wilson R, Zaytseva A, Bocquier A, Nokri A, Fressard L, Chamboredon P, et. al. Vaccine hesitancy and self-vaccination behaviors among nurses in southeastern France. Vaccine. 2020;38(5):1144–1151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.018 .
16. Elizondo-Alzola UG, Carrasco M, Pino´s L, Picchio CA, Rius C, Diez E. Vaccine hesitancy among paediatric nurses: Prevalence and associated factors. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(5): e0251735. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251735.
17. Gilboa M, Tal I, Levin EG, Segal S, Belkin A, Zilberman-Daniels T, et. al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination uptake among healthcare workers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022;43(10):1433-1438. https://doi:10.1017/ice.2021.421.
18. Browne SK, Feemster KA, Shen AK, Green-McKenzie J, Momplaisir FM, Faig W, et.al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy among physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses in two academic hospitals in Philadelphia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022;43(10):1424-1432. https://doi:10.1017/ice.2021.410.
19. Kılınçarslan MG, Sarıgül B, Toraman Ç, Şahin EM. Development of Valid and Reliable Scale of Vaccine Hesitancy in Turkish Language. Konuralp Tıp Derg. 2020;12(3):420–429.
20. Khubchandani J, Bustos E, Chowdhury S, Biswas N, Keller T. COVID-19 Vaccine Refusal among Nurses Worldwide: Review of Trends and Predictors. Vaccines. 2022; 10(2): 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/ vaccines10020230.
21. Saitoh A, Shobugawa Y, Sato I, Yonekura Y, Kawabata A, Saitoh A, et. al. Pilot Study of Evaluating Attitudes toward Childhood Immunization among Healthcare Workers in Japan. Vaccines. 2022;10(7):1055.