Percentage of immature granulocytes as a biomarker for endometrioma

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to investigate the potential of immature granulocyte percentage as a predictive biomarker for endometrioma in patients undergoing cystectomy for benign ovarian cysts. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, between 2004 and 2024. A total of 358 patients who underwent oophorectomy due to benign ovarian cysts were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and surgical details were collected. The diagnosis of endometrioma was confirmed by histopathological examination of surgical specimens evaluated by experienced pathologists. Results: Of the 358 patients included, 144 (40.2%) were diagnosed with endometrioma, 22 (6.1%) with haemorrhagic cystadenoma, 138 (38.5%) with serous cystadenoma, and 54 (15.1%) with mucinous cystadenoma. The most common symptom in the endometrioma group was chronic pelvic pain (62.5%), followed by dysmenorrhea (34%) and dyspareunia (3.5%). Infertility was significantly more common in the endometrioma group (72.9%) compared to other groups. The median immature granulocytes percentage was 0.4% in the endometrioma group, 0.3% in the haemorrhagic cyst group, 0.3% in the serous cystadenoma group, and 0.3% in the mucinous cystadenoma group. A statistically significant differences in the percentage of immature granulocytes were observed between the endometrioma group and the non-endometrioma group. CA-125 levels were significantly higher in the endometrioma group compared to the other groups. In ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve for immature granulocyte percentage was 0.645, with an optimal cutoff value of 0.3%, yielding 63.2% specificity and 64.5% sensitivity. Conclusion: The percentage of immature granulocytes may be used as a potential biomarker for predicting endometrioma in patients with benign ovarian cysts.

Keywords

• Endometrioma
• immature granulocytes
• biomarker
• inflammation
• benign ovarian cysts

Endometrioma için biyobelirteç olarak immatür granülosit yüzdesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, benign over kistleri için kistektomi yapılan hastalarda endometrioma için öngörücü bir biyobelirteç olarak immatür granülosit yüzdesi potansiyelini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışma, Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı'nda 2004-2024 yılları arasında yapılmıştır. Benign over kistleri nedeniyle kistektomi uygulanan toplam 358 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların demografik bilgileri, laboratuvar verileri ve cerrahi bilgileri toplanmıştır. Endometrioma tanısı, deneyimli patologlar tarafından değerlendirilen cerrahi spesimenlerin histopatolojik incelemesi ile doğrulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 358 hastanın 144'ü (%40.2) endometrioma, 22'si (%6.1) hemorajik kist, 138'i (%38.5) seröz kistadenom ve 54'ü (%15.1) müsinöz kistadenom tanısı almıştır. Endometrioma grubunda en yaygın semptom kronik pelvik ağrı (%62,5) olup, bunu dismenore (%34) ve disparoni (%3.5) izlemiştir. İnfertilite, endometrioma grubunda (%72.9) diğer gruplara kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha yaygın bulunmuştur. İmmatür granülosit yüzdesi ortanca değeri endometrioma grubunda %0.4, hemorajik kist grubunda %0.3, seröz kistadenom grubunda %0.3 ve müsinöz kistadenom grubunda %0.3 olarak saptanmıştır. Endometrioma grubu ile non-endometrioma grubu arasında immatür granülosit yüzdesinde anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. CA-125 düzeyi, endometrioma grubunda diğer gruplara göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek bulunmuştur. ROC eğrisi analizinde, endometriomalı hastalarda immatür granülosit yüzdesinin eğri altındaki alanı 0.645 olarak hesaplanmış, %0.3'lük optimal kesim değeri ile %63.2 özgüllük ve %64.5 duyarlılık göstermiştir. Sonuç: İmmatür granülosit yüzdesi, benign over kistleri olan hastalarda endometriomanın öngörülmesinde potansiyel bir biyobelirteç olarak kullanılabilir.

Keywords

• Endometrioma
• immatür granülosit
• biyobelirteç
• inflamasyon
• benign over kistleri

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