EN
TR
From Tanzimat to the Republic Civilization as a Hegemonic Discourse and Religion
Abstract
Turkey's modernization experience was shaped by political arrangements initiated during the Tanzimat period and rooted in a radical reform program during the Republican era. In the face of the increasingly powerful discourse of the new Western-centered world order, a significant part of the Ottoman intellectual-bureaucrats accepted the pursuit of the achievements of "Western civilization" as an inevitable premise. In this framework, Ottoman modernization had an eclectic nature based on the preservation of historical identity on the one hand and the "importation" of Western institutions on the other. In this framework, the concept of civilization emerged and was discussed in connection with the question of how to strike a balance between turning towards the West and preserving the Ottoman identity. One of the important themes of these debates was the relationship between civilization and religion within the framework of Westernization.
In the Republican period, the concept of civilization was politically attributed a "founding" and "carrier" mission, and the driving force of the fundamentalist reforms implemented to bring the ideal of a new society into reality was defined as the effort to catch up with "modern civilization". While the Ottoman modernization attributed a central role to religion in the civilizational debates, in the early Republican period, religion was given a very limited place in the vision of civilization that was placed in a central position.
This article examines the course of the concepts of civilization and reli-gion in Turkey's modernization experience in terms of the political language and ideological discourse patterns of both periods.
Keywords
References
- Abdullah Cevdet (1911). Şime-i muhabbet. İçtihad. (1329 h.), no. 89, s. 1980.
- Atatürk’ün söylev ve demeçleri I-II-III. (1997). Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
- Aydın, S. (1996). Türk tarih tezi ve halkevleri. Kebikeç. II/3, 107-130.
- Baykara, T. (1990). Medeniyet kavramı ve Türk toplumuna girişi. Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi, 5(5), 1-14.
- Braudel, F. (1996). Uygarlıkların grameri, İmge Kitabevi, 1996.
- Coşkun, İ. (1989). Modernleşme kuramı üzerine. İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyoloji Dergisi, 3(1), 289-314.
- Cündioğlu, D. (1996). Ernest Renan ve ‘reddiyeler’ bağlamında İslâm-bilim tartışmalarına bibliyografik bir katkı. Dîvân. 1/2, 29-40.
- Çiğdem, A. (2012). Aydınlanma düşüncesi. İletişim Yayınları.
Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
-
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Publication Date
March 15, 2023
Submission Date
November 23, 2022
Acceptance Date
February 9, 2023
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Number: 9