Eğitimde Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ile İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Issue: 13, 1043 - 1071, 15.03.2025

Ümmü Gülsüm Celayir , Nihat Emre Borekci , Salih Serkan Kaleli

https://doi.org/10.56720/mevzu.1617798

Abstract

Günümüzdeki teknolojik gelişmeler insanların gündelik yaşamları dahil her ortamda ilerlemeye ve gelişmeye devam etmektedir. Bu gelişmeler, insanlara çok daha farklı deneyimler ve imkanlar sunarak teknolojiden her zaman faydalanılması gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Artırılmış gerçeklik (AG), dijital teknolojinin eğitim alanında sunduğu en yenilikçi uygulamalardan biridir. Çalışma, AG uygulamalarını Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışmada, Ardahan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi'ndeki 201 öğrenciden anket yoluyla veri toplanmış ve öğrencilerin AG'ye yönelik tutumları, kullanım kolaylığı, algılanan fayda ve zevk düzeyleri analiz edilmiştir. Kullanıcıların bu yeni teknolojiye nasıl yaklaştığı ve hangi faktörlerin kullanımı etkilediği TKM bileşenleri ile araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, TKM bileşenlerinin AG uygulamalarının benimsenmesinde kritik bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Algılanan fayda ve algılanan zevk, kullanıcıların davranışsal kullanım niyetini ve kullanım tutumunu pozitif yönde etkilerken; algılanan kullanım kolaylığı, öğrencilerin teknolojiye yönelik tutum ve niyetlerini şekillendirmede belirleyici bir faktör olarak öne çıkmıştır. Sonuçlar, eğitmenler için önemli bir rehber niteliği taşımakta ve AG'nin eğitimde daha yaygın bir şekilde uygulanması için somut öneriler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Artırılmış gerçeklik, eğitim, bilgi iletişim teknolojileri, sanal gerçeklik, teknoloji kabul modeli

Ethical Statement

Çalışmada kullanılan veriler için Ardahan Üniversitesi E-67796128-000-2300037383 sayılı etik kurul raporu alınmıştır. Bu çalışma Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Salih Serkan KALELİ ve Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Nihat Emre BÖREKÇİ danışmanlığında 30/06/2024 tarihinde sunduğumuz/tamamladığımız “Eğitimde Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının Teknoloji Kabul Modeli ile İncelenmesi” başlıklı yüksek lisans tezi esas alınarak hazırlanmıştır.

Examining the Augmented Reality Applications in Education with Technology Acceptance Model

Abstract

Technological advancements in today's world continue to progress and evolve across all environments, including individuals' daily lives. These developments provide people with significantly different experiences and opportunities, emphasizing the necessity of consistently utilizing technology. Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the most innovative applications of digital technology in the field of education. This study examines AR applications within the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data were collected through a survey conducted with 201 students from the Faculty of Health Sciences at Ardahan University, analyzing their attitudes toward AR, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and level of enjoyment. The study investigates how users approach this emerging technology and which factors influence its adoption based on the components of the Technology Acceptance Model. The findings indicate that TAM components play a crucial role in the adoption of AR applications. While perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment positively affect users' behavioral intention and attitudes toward use, perceived ease of use emerges as a key determinant in shaping students' attitudes and intentions toward technology. The results serve as a valuable guide for instructors and provide concrete recommendations for the broader implementation of AR in education.

Keywords

Augmented reality, education, information communication technologies, virtual reality, technology acceptance model

Ethical Statement

Ardahan University Ethics Committee report numbered E-67796128-000-2300037383 was obtained for the data used in the study. This study was conducted by Dr. Lecturer. Prof. Dr. Salih Serkan KALELİ and Dr. Lecturer. Prof. Dr. Nihat Emre BÖREKÇİ, this study was prepared based on the master's thesis titled “Investigation of Augmented Reality Applications in Education with Technology Acceptance Model” which we presented / completed on 30/06/2024.

References

• Akgün, Elif - Ahmet Berk Ustun. "Mobil artırılmış gerçeklikle öğrenmeye yönelik içerik analizi". Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 56 (2023), 362-383.
• Alejandro Álvarez-Marín, J. Ángel Velázquez-Iturbide & Mauricio CastilloVergara. "Aram: A technology acceptance model to ascertain the behavioural intention to use augmented reality". Journal of Imaging 9/3 (2023), 73.
• Álvarez-Marín, Alejandro, J Ángel Velázquez-Iturbide - Mauricio Castillo-Vergara. "The acceptance of augmented reality in engineering education: The role of technology optimism and technology innovativeness". Interactive Learning Environments 31/6 (2023), 3409-3421.
• Alzahrani, Nouf Matar. "Augmented reality: A systematic review of its benefits and challenges in e-learning contexts". Applied Sciences 10/16 (2020), 5660.
• Asiri, Mohamed Mefareh. "Employing technology acceptance model to assess the reality of using augmented reality applications in teaching from teachers’ point of view in najran". Journal of Positive School Psychology 6/2 (2022), 5241-5255.
• Assem, Kabdykalymkyzy, Ayupova Gulbarshyn Turagulovna, Mamanova Alma Sharifullina, Mukhamediyeva Assel Bayakhmetovna, Akmanova Galiya Rakhmetolinovna - Omarov Murat Kaiyrbekovich. "Psychological and Pedagogical Innovative Technologies for Teaching English to University Students". Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 17/6 (2022), 1914-1924.
• Balog, Alexandru - Costin Pribeanu. "The role of perceived enjoyment in the students’ acceptance of an augmented reality teaching platform: A structural equation modelling approach". Studies in Informatics and Control 19/3 (2010), 319-330.
• Buana, Arum - Utaminingsih Linarti. "Measurement of technology acceptance model (TAM) in using e- learning in higher education". Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan 14/2 (2021), 165-171.
• Cabero-Almenara, Julio, José María Fernández-Batanero - Julio Barroso-Osuna. "Adoption of augmented reality technology by university students". Heliyon 5/5 (2019),
• Cabero-Almenara, Julio, Julio Barroso-Osuna, Carmen Llorente-Cejudo - María del Mar Fernández Martínez. "Educational uses of augmented reality (AR): Experiences in educational science". Sustainability 11/18 (2019), 4990.
• Cankül, Duran, Atakan Doğan - Batuhan Sönmez. "Yiyecek-içecek işletmelerinde inovasyon ve artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamaları". İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi 10/3 (2018), 576-591.
• Castrillon-Arias, Cristian G, Julio C Caicedo-Eraso - Diana R Varon-Serna. "Virtual Reality in Health Sciences". (2023),
• Çelik, İsrafil. Öğretim elemanlarının artırılmış gerçeklik teknolojisini ders materyali olarak kabullerinin incelenmesi. Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2019.
• Çelik, Sabri, Turgut Türkoğlu, Erdem Baydeniz - Mustafa Sandıkcı. "Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Bağlamında Öğrencilerin Davranışsal Niyetine Etki Eden Etmenlerin Belirlenmesi". Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Dergisi 26/1 (2023), 1-28.
• Cengiz, Esra. İşletmelerde bulut bilişim teknolojisi kullanımının teknoloji kabul modeli 3 ile incelenmesi. Aksaray Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2018.
• Çetinkaya, H Hakan - Muammer Akçay. "Eğitim ortamlarında arttırılmış gerçeklik uygulamaları". Akademik Bilişim Kongresi, Antalya 11/2015 (2013), 66-69.
• Chang, Hsin-Yi, Theerapong Binali, Jyh-Chong Liang, Guo-Li Chiou, Kun-Hung Cheng, Silvia Wen-Yu Lee - Chin-Chung Tsai. "Ten years of augmented reality in education: A meta-analysis of (quasi-) experimental studies to investigate the impact". Computers & Education 191/(2022), 104641.
• Ciloglu, Tahsin - Ahmet Berk Ustun. "The effects of mobile AR-based biology learning experience on students’ motivation, selfefficacy, and attitudes in online learning". Journal of Science Education and Technology 32/3 (2023), 309-337.
• Davis, Fred D. "Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology". MIS quarterly (1989), 319-340.
• Eckert, Martin, Julia S Volmerg - Christoph M Friedrich. "Augmented reality in medicine: systematic and bibliographic review". JMIR mHealth and uHealth 7/4 (2019), e10967.
• Elmira, Orazbayeva, Begaliyeva Rauan, Baigutova Dinara - Blerta Prevalla Etemi. "The effect of augmented reality technology on the performance of university students". International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 17/19 (2022), 33-45.
• Fornell, Claes - David F Larcker. "Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error". Journal of marketing research 18/1 (1981), 39-50.
• García‐Robles, Paloma, Irene Cortés‐Pérez, Francisco Antonio Nieto‐Escámez, Héctor García‐López, Esteban Obrero‐Gaitán - María Catalina Osuna‐Pérez. "Immersive virtual reality and augmented reality in anatomy education: a systematic review and Meta‐Analysis". Anatomical Sciences Education 17/3 (2024), 514-528.
• Ghobadi, Mohsen, Sara Shirowzhan, Mohammad Mehdi Ghiai, Fatemeh Mohammad Ebrahimzadeh - Faham Tahmasebinia. "Augmented reality applications in education and examining key factors affecting the users’ behaviors". Education Sciences 13/1 (2022), 10.
• Granić, Andrina - Nikola Marangunić. "Technology acceptance model in educational context: A systematic literature review". British Journal of Educational Technology 50/5 (2019), 2572-2593.
• Granić, Andrina. "Technology acceptance and adoption in education". Handbook of open, distance and digital education. 183-197. Springer, 2023.
• Güntepe, Ebru Turan - Necla Dönmez Usta. "Eğitim Teknolojilerinin Öğrenme Ortamında Kullanımı: Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Çerçevesinde Algodoo". Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 1/1 (2022), 19-29.
• Gürbüz, Sait - Faruk Şahin. "Research methods in social sciences". (2018),
• Haugstvedt, Anne-Cecilie - John Krogstie. Mobile augmented reality for cultural heritage: A technology acceptance study. thk. IEEE, 2012.
• Iatsyshyn, Anna V, Valeriia O Kovach, Volodymyr O Lyubchak, Yurii O Zuban, Andriy G Piven, Oleksandra M Sokolyuk, Andrii V Iatsyshyn, Oleksandr O Popov, Volodymyr O Artemchuk - Mariya P Shyshkina. "Application of augmented reality technologies for education projects preparation". (2020),
• Ibili, Emin, Dmitry Resnyansky - Mark Billinghurst. "Applying the technology acceptance model to understand maths teachers’ perceptions towards an augmented reality tutoring system". Education and Information Technologies 24/(2019), 2653-2675.
• Jamali, Siti Salmi, Mohd Fairuz Shiratuddin, Kok Wai Wong - Charlotte L Oskam. "Utilising mobile-augmented reality for learning human anatomy". Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 197/(2015), 659-668.
• Jang, Jaehong, Yujung Ko, Won Sug Shin - Insook Han. "Augmented reality and virtual reality for learning: An examination using an extended technology acceptance model". IEEE access 9/(2021), 6798-6809.
• Javornik, Ana. "Augmented reality: Research agenda for studying the impact of its media characteristics on consumer behaviour". Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 30/(2016), 252-261.
• Kalyoncuoğlu, Selma. "Tüketicilerin online alışverişlerindeki sanal kart kullanımlarının teknoloji kabul modeli ile incelenmesi". Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 20/2 (2018), 193-213.
• Kaya, Omer Sami - Huseyin Bicen. "Study of augmented reality applications use in education and its effect on the academic performance". International Journal of Distance Education Technologies (IJDET) 17/3 (2019), 25-36.
• Kline, Rex B. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford publications, 2023.
• Kljun, Matjaž, Vladimir Geroimenko - Klen Čopič Pucihar. "Augmented reality in education: Current status and advancement of the field". Augmented Reality in Education: A New Technology for Teaching and Learning (2020), 3-21.
• Koutromanos, George - Tassos A Mikropoulos. Mobile augmented reality applications in teaching: A proposed technology acceptance model. thk. IEEE, 2021.
• Kurt, Özlem Efiloğlu. "Üniversite öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitime bakış açılarının teknoloji kabul modeli ve bilgi sistemleri başarı modeli entegrasyonu ile belirlenmesi". Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 7/3 (2015),
• Mallery, Paul - Darren George. SPSS for windows step by step. Allyn & Bacon, Inc., 2000.
• Moro, Christian, Zane Štromberga, Athanasios Raikos - Allan Stirling. "The effectiveness of virtual and augmented reality in health sciences and medical anatomy". Anatomical sciences education 10/6 (2017), 549-559.
• Motsinger, Kate. "Pokémon Go away: augmented reality games pose issues with trespass and nuisance". San Diego L. Rev. 54/(2017), 649.
• Mugo, David Gitumu, Kageni Njagi, Bernard Chemwei - Jared Ochwagi Motanya. "The technology acceptance model (TAM) and its application to the utilization of mobile learning technologies". (2017),
• Musa, Hussein Gibreel, Indah Fatmawati, Nuryakin Nuryakin - M Suyanto. "Marketing research trends using technology acceptance model (TAM): A comprehensive review of researches (2002–2022)". Cogent business & management 11/1 (2024), 2329375.
• Nechypurenko, Pavlo P, Viktoriia G Stoliarenko, Tetiana V Starova, Tetiana V Selivanova, Oksana M Markova, Yevhenii O Modlo - Ekaterina O Shmeltser. "Development and implementation of educational resources in chemistry with elements of augmented reality". (2020),
• Nigam, S - C PS. "Augmented Reality in Education System". Int J Res Appl Sci Eng Technol 10/(2022), 397-401.
• Obeidy, W, Haslina Arshad - J Huang. "A Proposed Model of Acceptance for Smart Glasses based Outdoor Augmented Reality Applications at UNESCO World Heritage Sites". Int. J. Eng. Technol 7/(2018), 354-360.
• Omar, Marlissa, Dayana Farzeeha Ali - Fathiyah Mohd. "A Conceptual Framework on the Development of Augmented Reality Engineering Drawing Learning Framework based on Augmented Reality Environment". (2023),
• Özer, Gökhan, Özcan, Murat - Sonnur Aktaş. "Muhasebecilerin bilgi teknolojisi kullaniminin teknoloji kabul modeli (TKM) ile incelenmesi". Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 5/19 (2010), 3278-3293.
• Özerbaş, DEMET. "The Effect of Marker-Based Augmented Reality (MBAR) Applications on Academic Achievementand Permanence". Universal Journal of Educational Research 7/9 (2019),
• Papakostas, Christos, Christos Troussas, Akrivi Krouska - Cleo Sgouropoulou. "Exploring users’ behavioral intention to adopt mobile augmented reality in education through an extended technology acceptance model". International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 39/6 (2023), 1294-1302.
• Ratnaningsih, Made Nita Cyntiani - I Nyoman Laba Jayanta. "Digital Teaching Module on Teaching Practice Material Based on Value Clarification Technique (VCT)". Journal of Education Technology 7/3 (2023),
• Saat, Azmah, Rahmita Wirza OK Rahmat, Nur Izah Ab Razak, Razif Abas - Suryati Mohd Thani. "The Perception of Medical Students on the Usefulness of the Respiratory Ventilatory Augmented Reality (ResVAR) Application for Learning the Respiratory System". Education in Medicine Journal 16/(2024),
• Shin, Hyejo Hailey - Miyoung Jeong. "Travelers’ motivations to adopt augmented reality (AR) applications in a tourism destination". Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology 12/2 (2021), 389-405.
• Somyürek, Sibel. "Öğretim sürecinde z kuşağının dikkatini çekme: artırılmış gerçeklik". Eğitim Teknolojisi Kuram ve Uygulama 4/1 (2014), 63-80.
• Sundari, Wiwin, Sardianto Markos Siahaan - Ismet Ismet. "Digital Teaching Materials Based on Attention Relevance Confidence Satisfaction Substance Pressure Material". Journal of Curriculum Indonesia 6/1 (2023), 69-75.
• Taha, Sawsan, Enas Abulibdeh, Eman Zaitoun, Sumaya Daoud - Hanadi G Rawagah. Investigating student perceptions of augmented reality utilizing technology acceptance model (TAM). thk. IEEE, 2022.
• Turan, Bülent - Gürkan Haşit. "Teknoloji kabul modeli ve sınıf öğretmenleri üzerinde bir uygulama". Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi 6/1 (2014), 109-119.
• Venkatesh, Viswanath - Fred D Davis. "A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies". Management science 46/2 (2000), 186-204.
• Yildiz, Ezgi Pelin. "Augmented reality research and applications in education". Augmented reality and its application. IntechOpen, 2021.
• Yılmaz, Veysel, Erkan Arı - Yusuf Bilge. "Oyun Bağımlılığının Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) ve Planlı Davranış Teorisini (PDT) Bütünleştiren Bir Model İle Araştırılması". Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 57 (2020), 1-26.
• Yulian, Ryani, Yuniarti Yuniarti - Noor Azli Bin Affendy Lee. "Technology acceptance of augmented reality to attitude and selfefficacy in learning English". Journal of English Language Teaching Innovations and Materials 4/2 (2022), 127-143.
• Yurtsal, Zeliha - Öznur Hasdemir. "Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Ebelik Eğitiminde Kullanılan Sanal Gerçeklik ve Artırılmış Gerçeklik Hakkındaki Bilgi ve Görüşleri". Instıtute of Health Sciences Journal 8/Special Issue (2023), 303-308.