Research Article

Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West

Number: 11 May 15, 2019
  • David Klein Martins
EN TR

Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West

Abstract

The myth of the Wild West has inspired men for over a century to follow and live out the example of the long-gone virile cowboy. The romanticized cowboy myth, however, bears a dangerous dark side, since it not only spreads all-American values but also fuels frustration and fear amongst men through its inherent demand for conformity. Annie Proulx has taken up the challenge of denouncing the truth behind the myth of masculinity with her short story collections Wyoming Stories, claiming that the virile cowboy cult is not a natural necessity in the American West but only a construct that has been falsely universalized. Proulx thus presents us an alternative American West, revealing the bleak reality behind the façade of contemporary cowboy devotees. The following paper will begin with a brief discussion on the importance of masculinity in the western genre, as well as an introduction to the figure of the cowboy to reveal the great impact both, the genre and the figure, had and still have on the American mindset. Moreover, engaging with gender theory, this paper will as well take a closer look at the idea of gender as a construct, which will facilitate the subsequent analysis of the deconstruction of masculinity in two of Proulx’s short stories, i.e. “Brokeback Mountain” and “The Mud Below” from her 1999 short story collection Close Range. Especially the questions of the construction of masculinity, the results of a failing malehood and systems of reassuring ones manhood in the American West will be closely analyzed.

Keywords

References

  1. Aguila, E.V.D. (2014) Being a Man in a Transnational World. Routledge.
  2. Arosteguy, K. O. (2010). “It Was All a Hard, Fast Ride That Ended in the Mud”: Deconstructing the Myth of the Cowboy in Annie Proulx's Close Range: Wyoming Stories. Western American Literature, 45(2), 116-36.
  3. Bordin, E. (2014). Masculinity & Westerns: Regenerations at the Turn of the Millennium. Verona: Ombre Corte.
  4. Butler, J. (1999). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge.
  5. Hine, R. V., & Faragher, J. M. (2007). Frontiers: A Short History of the American West. New Haven: Yale UP.
  6. Horrocks, R. (1994) Masculinity in Crisis: Myths, Fantasies, and Realities. New York: St. Martin’s.
  7. Johnson, S. L. (1996). “A Memory Sweet to Soldier's”: The Significance of Gender. In Ed. C. A. Milner (Ed.), A New Significance: Re-envisioning the History of the American West. New York: Oxford UP, 255-78.
  8. Neel, S. R. (1996). A Place of Extremes: Nature, History, and the American West. In C. A. Milner (Ed.), A New Significance: Re-envisioning the History of the American West. New York: Oxford UP, 105-24.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Philosophy, Anthropology, Sociology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

David Klein Martins This is me
Portugal

Publication Date

May 15, 2019

Submission Date

January 6, 2019

Acceptance Date

April 15, 2019

Published in Issue

Year 2019 Number: 11

APA
Martins, D. K. (2019). Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture, 11, 46-71. https://izlik.org/JA65LF85NX
AMA
1.Martins DK. Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West. Masculinities Journal. 2019;(11):46-71. https://izlik.org/JA65LF85NX
Chicago
Martins, David Klein. 2019. “Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West”. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture, nos. 11: 46-71. https://izlik.org/JA65LF85NX.
EndNote
Martins DK (May 1, 2019) Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture 11 46–71.
IEEE
[1]D. K. Martins, “Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West”, Masculinities Journal, no. 11, pp. 46–71, May 2019, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA65LF85NX
ISNAD
Martins, David Klein. “Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West”. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture. 11 (May 1, 2019): 46-71. https://izlik.org/JA65LF85NX.
JAMA
1.Martins DK. Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West. Masculinities Journal. 2019;:46–71.
MLA
Martins, David Klein. “Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West”. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture, no. 11, May 2019, pp. 46-71, https://izlik.org/JA65LF85NX.
Vancouver
1.David Klein Martins. Annie Proulx’s Wyoming Stories: Deconstructing Hegemonic Masculinity in the American West. Masculinities Journal [Internet]. 2019 May 1;(11):46-71. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA65LF85NX