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Modernity as an Ottoman Fetish: Representations of Ottoman Masculinity in Kesik Bıyık

Year 2016, Issue: 6, 79 - 101, 22.08.2017

Abstract

Because
masculinity was a central part of Ottoman culture and politics, changes in
these domains had a fundamental impact on discussions about masculinity. At the
turn of the twentieth century, the Ottoman Empire’s dominant role in world
politics began to weaken due to the increasing
influence of modernity. This generated socio-political anxieties. Ömer Seyfettin’s short story, Kesik Bıyık
(Trimmed Moustache), is a good example to use when discussing the
influence of modernity in relation to the issue of masculinity. The
transformation of a moustache into a fetish object can be read as an allegory
of the Empire’s socio-political anxieties caused by the process of
modernisation. This paper discusses the way
in which Kesik Bıyık allegorically
represents the Ottoman Empire’s socio-political anxieties as castration
anxiety, and how modernity becomes a fetish throughout the narrative.

References

  • Agathangelou, A. M., & Ling, L. H. M. (2004). Power, Borders, Security, Wealth: Lessons of Violence and Desire from September 11. International Studies Quarterly, 48(3), 517–538.
  • Alangu, T. (1968). Ömer Seyfettin: Ülkücü Bir Yazarın Romanı. İstanbul: May Yayınları.
  • Bal, M. (1987). Delilah Decomposed: Samson’s Talking Cure and the Rhetoric of Subjectivity. In Lethal Love: Feminist Literary Readings of Biblical Love Stories (pp. 37–67). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Barutçu, A. (2015). Ucundan Azcık’la Atılan Sağlam Temel: Türkiye’de Sünnet Ritüeli ve Erkeklik İlişkisi. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture, (3), 129–155.
  • Berg, C. (1951). The Unconscious Significance of Hair. Allen&Unwin.
  • Berktay, H. (1999). Tarih, Toplumsal Bellek, Güncel Nevroz: Türkiye’nin Avrupa ile “Aşk ve Nefret” İlişkisinin Historiyografik ve Politik boyutları. In Grenzfall Europa [Avrupa’nın İnce Eşiğinde] (pp. 355–367). Hamburg: Türkei-Programm der Körber-Stiftung.
  • Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The Other Question: Stereotype, Discrimination and the Discourse of Colonialism. In The Location of Culture (pp. 66–84). London: Routledge.
  • Bilgin, E. (2004). An Analysis of Turkish Modernity Through Discourses of Masculinities (Unpublished PhD Thesis). Middle East Technical University, Ankara.
  • Bouhdiba, A. (2000). Festivities of Violence: Circumcision and the Making of Men. In M. Ghoussoub & E. Sinclair-Webb (Eds.), Imagined Masculinities: Male Identity and Culture in the Modern Middle East (pp. 19–29). London: Saqi Essentials.
  • Bromberger, C. (2008). Hair: From the West to the Middle East through the Mediterranean (The 2007 AFS Mediterranean Studies Section Address). The Journal of American Folklore, 121(482), 379–399.
  • Chatterjee, P. (1993). Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse. London: Zed Books.
  • Connell, R. W. (1996). Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Cooper, W. (1971). Hair: Sex, Society, Symbolism. London: Aldus Books.
  • Darwin, C. (1871). The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex (1st ed., Vol. 1). London: John Murray.
  • Delaney, C. (1994). Untangling the Meanings of Hair in Turkish Society. Anthropological Quarterly, 67(4), 159–172.
  • Dikici, A. E. (2008). Orientalism and the Male Subject of Turkish Nationalism in the Stories of Ömer Seyfeddin. Middle Eastern Literatures, 11(1), 85–99.
  • Freud, S. (1927). Fetishism. In J. Strachey (Trans.), The Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 21, pp. 147–157). London: Hogarth and the Institute of Psychoanalysis.
  • Gandhi, L. (2006). Affective Communities: Anticolonial Thought, Fin-de-Siècle Radicalism, and the Politics of Friendship. The United State of America: Duke University Press.
  • Gürbilek, N. (2014). Kör Ayna, Kayıp Şark: Edebiyat ve Endişe. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Mosse, G. L. (1998). The Image of Man: The Creation of Modern Masculinity (Studies in the History of Sexuality). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Najmabadi, A. (2005). Women with Moustache and Men without Beards: Gender and Sexual Anxieties of Iranian Modernity. London: University of California Press.
  • Nandy, A. (1993). The Intimate Enemy: Loss and Recovery of Self under Colonialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1918). Kesik Bıyık. Diken, (18), 6.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1974). Fon Sadriştayn’ın Karısı. In Bütün Hikayeleri 3 (pp. 1262 –1274). İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınevi.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1974). Fon Sadriştayn’ın Oğlu. In Bütün Hikayeleri 3 (pp. 1275 – 1288). İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınevi.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1974). Primo Türk Çocuğu (Nasıl Doğdu). In Bütün Hikayeleri 2 (pp. 697–722). İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınevi.
  • Parla, J. (2004). Babalar ve Oğullar: Tanzimat Romanının Epistemolojik Temelleri. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Said, E. W. (1994). Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Schick, İ. C. (1999). The Erotic Margin: Sexuality and Spatiality in Alteritist Discourse. London: Verso.
  • Yahya Kemal. (1975). Eli Silahlı Gençler. In Târih Musâhâbeleri (pp. 97–100). İstanbul: Batur Matbaası.
  • Ze’evi, D. (2006). Producing Desire: Changing Sexual Discourse in the Ottoman Middle East, 1500-1900. Los Angels: University of California Press.

Bir Osmanlı Fetişi Olarak Modernite: Kesik Bıyık’ta Osmanlı Erkekliğinin Temsilleri

Year 2016, Issue: 6, 79 - 101, 22.08.2017

Abstract

Erkeklik, Osmanlı kültürünün ve siyasetinin
merkezi bir parçası olduğundan bu alanlardaki değişimler Osmanlı erkeklik tartışmalarını
da önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun dünya siyasetindeki
egemen rolünün modernitenin artan etkisiyle zayıflayamaya başlaması pek çok
sosyo-politik endişe doğurmuştur. Ömer Seyfettin’in Kesik Bıyık öyküsü,
modernitenin İmparatorluk üzerindeki etkisini erkeklik
tartışmaları bağlamında incelemek için iyi bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Metin boyunca bıyığın bir fetiş objesine
dönüşmesi, İmparatorluğun modernleşme sürecindeki sosyo-politik endişelerini
alegorik bir şekilde okuma imkanı tanır. Bu makale, Kesik Bıyık’ın Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun sosyo-politik endişelerini
nasıl alegorik bir şekilde hadım edilme endişesi olarak temsil ettiğini ve bu
endişeden hareketle, modernitenin metin boyunca nasıl fetişleştirildiğini
tartışmaktadır.

References

  • Agathangelou, A. M., & Ling, L. H. M. (2004). Power, Borders, Security, Wealth: Lessons of Violence and Desire from September 11. International Studies Quarterly, 48(3), 517–538.
  • Alangu, T. (1968). Ömer Seyfettin: Ülkücü Bir Yazarın Romanı. İstanbul: May Yayınları.
  • Bal, M. (1987). Delilah Decomposed: Samson’s Talking Cure and the Rhetoric of Subjectivity. In Lethal Love: Feminist Literary Readings of Biblical Love Stories (pp. 37–67). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Barutçu, A. (2015). Ucundan Azcık’la Atılan Sağlam Temel: Türkiye’de Sünnet Ritüeli ve Erkeklik İlişkisi. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture, (3), 129–155.
  • Berg, C. (1951). The Unconscious Significance of Hair. Allen&Unwin.
  • Berktay, H. (1999). Tarih, Toplumsal Bellek, Güncel Nevroz: Türkiye’nin Avrupa ile “Aşk ve Nefret” İlişkisinin Historiyografik ve Politik boyutları. In Grenzfall Europa [Avrupa’nın İnce Eşiğinde] (pp. 355–367). Hamburg: Türkei-Programm der Körber-Stiftung.
  • Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The Other Question: Stereotype, Discrimination and the Discourse of Colonialism. In The Location of Culture (pp. 66–84). London: Routledge.
  • Bilgin, E. (2004). An Analysis of Turkish Modernity Through Discourses of Masculinities (Unpublished PhD Thesis). Middle East Technical University, Ankara.
  • Bouhdiba, A. (2000). Festivities of Violence: Circumcision and the Making of Men. In M. Ghoussoub & E. Sinclair-Webb (Eds.), Imagined Masculinities: Male Identity and Culture in the Modern Middle East (pp. 19–29). London: Saqi Essentials.
  • Bromberger, C. (2008). Hair: From the West to the Middle East through the Mediterranean (The 2007 AFS Mediterranean Studies Section Address). The Journal of American Folklore, 121(482), 379–399.
  • Chatterjee, P. (1993). Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse. London: Zed Books.
  • Connell, R. W. (1996). Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Cooper, W. (1971). Hair: Sex, Society, Symbolism. London: Aldus Books.
  • Darwin, C. (1871). The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex (1st ed., Vol. 1). London: John Murray.
  • Delaney, C. (1994). Untangling the Meanings of Hair in Turkish Society. Anthropological Quarterly, 67(4), 159–172.
  • Dikici, A. E. (2008). Orientalism and the Male Subject of Turkish Nationalism in the Stories of Ömer Seyfeddin. Middle Eastern Literatures, 11(1), 85–99.
  • Freud, S. (1927). Fetishism. In J. Strachey (Trans.), The Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 21, pp. 147–157). London: Hogarth and the Institute of Psychoanalysis.
  • Gandhi, L. (2006). Affective Communities: Anticolonial Thought, Fin-de-Siècle Radicalism, and the Politics of Friendship. The United State of America: Duke University Press.
  • Gürbilek, N. (2014). Kör Ayna, Kayıp Şark: Edebiyat ve Endişe. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Mosse, G. L. (1998). The Image of Man: The Creation of Modern Masculinity (Studies in the History of Sexuality). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Najmabadi, A. (2005). Women with Moustache and Men without Beards: Gender and Sexual Anxieties of Iranian Modernity. London: University of California Press.
  • Nandy, A. (1993). The Intimate Enemy: Loss and Recovery of Self under Colonialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1918). Kesik Bıyık. Diken, (18), 6.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1974). Fon Sadriştayn’ın Karısı. In Bütün Hikayeleri 3 (pp. 1262 –1274). İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınevi.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1974). Fon Sadriştayn’ın Oğlu. In Bütün Hikayeleri 3 (pp. 1275 – 1288). İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınevi.
  • Ömer Seyfettin. (1974). Primo Türk Çocuğu (Nasıl Doğdu). In Bütün Hikayeleri 2 (pp. 697–722). İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınevi.
  • Parla, J. (2004). Babalar ve Oğullar: Tanzimat Romanının Epistemolojik Temelleri. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Said, E. W. (1994). Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Schick, İ. C. (1999). The Erotic Margin: Sexuality and Spatiality in Alteritist Discourse. London: Verso.
  • Yahya Kemal. (1975). Eli Silahlı Gençler. In Târih Musâhâbeleri (pp. 97–100). İstanbul: Batur Matbaası.
  • Ze’evi, D. (2006). Producing Desire: Changing Sexual Discourse in the Ottoman Middle East, 1500-1900. Los Angels: University of California Press.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Sociology, Creative Arts and Writing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Müge Özoğlu This is me

Publication Date August 22, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2016 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Özoğlu, M. (2017). Modernity as an Ottoman Fetish: Representations of Ottoman Masculinity in Kesik Bıyık. Masculinities: A Journal of Identity and Culture(6), 79-101.