Renal Metastasis of Primary Lung Carcinoma is Associated with Death and Progression Predicted by F-18 FDG PET/CT

Abstract

Aim: The renal metastasis of primary lung carcinoma is not infrequent. However, the imaging modalities usually underestimate this important finding. The aim of this study was to firstly to investigate the imaging and follow up findings associated with renal metastasis of a primary lung carcinoma in F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) and secondly underline the importance of this finding that usually is not detected with imaging methods. Materials and Methods: The F-18 FDG PET/CT images of 17 patients (1 F, 16 M; mean: 61,6±9,3 years old) with renal metastasis of the primary lung carcinoma were evaluated retrospectively. The findings were compared with gold standard patients oncologic follow up. Results: The renal lesions maximum dimensions were mean: 40,7±25,7 mm and SUVmax level was mean: 17,1±6,5. The lesions of the patients were confirmed with CT and US imaging and pathology results in six patients which of one patient underwent nephrectomy. Six of 17 patients died and others were diagnosed as progressive metastatic disease during the follow up period (mean: 6,4±6,6 months). Conclusion: In this series the renal metastasis of lung carcinoma was associated with progressive disease or death in the follow up. Further studies with long term follow up in larger series are warranted.

Keywords

• kidney
• metastasis
• lung carcinoma
• FDG
• PET

References

1. 1. Longo, R., Jaud, C., Gehin, W., Hennequin, L., Bastien, C., Campitiello, M., Rozzi, A., & Plastino, F. (2020). Renal Metastases from a Nasal Cavity Mixed Squamous Cell and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Case Report. The American journal of case reports, 21, e919781. https://doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.919781
2. 2. Hassoun, H., Alabed, Y. Z., Karls, S., Probst, S., & Laufer, J. (2016). 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of Bilateral Renal Metastasis of Breast Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Clinical nuclear medicine, 41(2), 148–149. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000001047
3. 3. Basu, S., Ramani, S. K., & Lad, S. (2009). Unusual involvement of scalp and bilateral kidneys in an aggressive mediastinal diffuse large B cell lymphoma: documentation by FDG-PET imaging. Clinical nuclear medicine, 34(9), 638–641. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0b013e3181b06abf
4. 4. Bailey, J. E., Roubidoux, M. A., & Dunnick, N. R. (1998). Secondary renal neoplasms. Abdominal imaging, 23(3), 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002619900337
5. 5. Ho, C. L., Chen, S., Ho, K. M., Chan, W. K., Leung, Y. L., Cheng, K. C., Wong, K. N., Cheung, M. K., & Wong, K. K. (2012). Dual-tracer PET/CT in renal angiomyolipoma and subtypes of renal cell carcinoma. Clinical nuclear medicine, 37(11), 1075–1082. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0b013e318266cde2
6. 6. Aras, M., Dede, F., Ones, T., Inanır, S., Erdil, T. Y., & Turoğlu, H. T. (2013). Is The Value of FDG PET/CT In Evaluating Renal Metastasis Underestimated? A Case Report And Review of The Literature. Molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy, 22(3), 109–112. https://doi.org/10.4274/Mirt.130
7. 7. Zhao, Q., Dong, A., Yang, B., Wang, Y., & Zuo, C. (2017). FDG PET/CT in 2 Cases of Renal Metastasis From Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clinical nuclear medicine, 42(11), 896–898. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000001813
8. 8. Bracken, R. B., Chica, G., Johnson, D. E., & Luna, M. (1979). Secondary renal neoplasms: an autopsy study. Southern medical journal, 72(7), 806–807. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-197907000-00013

9. 9. Sánchez-Ortiz, R. F., Madsen, L. T., Bermejo, C. E., Wen, S., Shen, Y., Swanson, D. A., & Wood, C. G. (2004). A renal mass in the setting of a nonrenal malignancy: When is a renal tumor biopsy appropriate?. Cancer, 101(10), 2195–2201. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20638
10. 10. Kochhar, R., Brown, R. K., Wong, C. O., Dunnick, N. R., Frey, K. A., & Manoharan, P. (2010). Role of FDG PET/CT in imaging of renal lesions. Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology, 54(4), 347–357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9485.2010.02181.x
11. 11. Nakagawa, T., Fujimura, T., Morikawa, T., Fukayama, M., Homma, Y., Ohtomo, K., & Momose, T. (2015). Preoperative evaluation of renal cell carcinoma by using 18F-FDG PET/CT. Clinical nuclear medicine, 40(12), 936–940. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000000875 12. Gündoğan, C., Çermik, T. F., Erkan, E., Yardimci, A. H., Behzatoğlu, K., Tatar, G., Okçu, O., & Toktaş, M. G. (2018). Role of contrast-enhanced 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis and staging of renal tumors. Nuclear medicine communications, 39(12), 1174–1182. https://doi.org/10.1097/MNM.0000000000000915
12. 13. Nakhoda, Z., Torigian, D. A., Saboury, B., Hofheinz, F., & Alavi, A. (2013). Assessment of the diagnostic performance of (18)F-FDG-PET/CT for detection and characterization of solid renal malignancies. Hellenic journal of nuclear medicine, 16(1), 19–24. https://doi.org/10.1967/s002449910067