Assessment of psychiatric symptoms and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Objective: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is group of chronic and relapsing diseases claimed to be developed among genetically vulnerable individuals under the influence of misregulation of interactions between environmental factors and host immune system. The presence of a chronic disease is frequently associated with anxiety, depression and decline in the quality of life. In this study, our objective is to explore depression, anxiety and quality of life according to the diagnosis subtype in a group of IBD patients. Method: Patients currently being followed with the diagnosis of IBD in the outpatient clinics of our hospital and who agreed to participate were included to the study. Each case was given self-administered queries of Short Form-36 (SF-36), Hospital Depression Anxiety Scale (HAS) after being questioned for socio-demographic data. Results: 55 patients participated in our study, 50.9% (n=28) of whom had Ulcerative Colitis (UC), and 49.1% (n=27) had Crohn’s Disease (CD). The rate of smoking in patients with CD was significantly high (p=0.024). Both anxiety and depression scores were found to be higher in CD patients. HAD depression scores were significantly higher (p=0.002) in CD patients, however the difference in anxiety scores between the two groups has not been found to be statistically significant (p=0.132). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of quality of life. Among all IBD patients, the quality of life indexes were found to be worse in the cases with higher depression and anxiety scores. Conclusion: In the light of the data analyzed, the quality of life in both CD and UC groups is determined to be poor. There is a need for further research in wider follow up patient groups.

Keywords

• inflammatory bowel disease, quality of life, depression, anxiety

İnflamatuar barsak hastalıklarında ruhsal belirtiler ve yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: İnflamatuar Barsak Hastalıkları (İBH) genetik yatkınlığı olduğu düşünülen bireylerde, çevresel faktörler ve konakçının bağışıklık sisteminin uygunsuz etkileşimi ile ortaya çıktığı iddia edilen süreğen, tekrarlayıcı özellikte bir hastalık grubudur. Süreğen hastalık varlığı sıklıkla anksiyete, depresyon ve yaşam kalitesinin bozulması ile ilişkilidir. Çalışmamızın amacı İBH tanısı ile takip altında olan olgularda hastalık tanısına göre; depresyon, anksiyete seviyeleri ve yaşam kalitesini incelemektir. Yöntem: Hastanemiz İBH Polikliniği’nde İBH tanısı ile takip edilen ve katılmayı kabul eden olgular çalışmamıza dahil edilmiştir. Her bir olgunun sosyodemografik özellikleri kaydedildikten sonra, Kısa Form 36 (KF-36), Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HAD) her bir hastanın kendisi tarafından doldurulmuştur. Bulgular: Araştırmamıza 55 olgu katılmış olup bu olguların %50.9’u (n=28) Ülseratif Kolit (ÜK), %49.1’i de (n=27) Crohn Hastalığı (CH) tanısı almıştır. CH olgularında sigara içme oranı anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0.024). Hem anksiyete hem de depresyon skorları CH olgularında daha yüksek oranda belirlenmiş olup, HAD depresyon ölçek sonuçlarında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p=0.002). Diğer taraftan, gruplar arasında anksiyete sonuçlarında anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır (p=0.132). Yaşam kalitesi sonuçları açısından her iki grup arasında anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır. Tüm İBH hastaları değerlendirildiğinde, depresyon ve anksiyete sonuçları yüksek olan vakaların yaşam kalitesi daha kötü bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Mevcut veriler ışığında, her iki hastalık grubunda da yaşam kalitesi kötü bulunmuştur. Ülkemiz örnekleminde geniş kapsamlı takip araştırmalarına gereksinim vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• inflamatuvar barsak hastalıkları, yaşam kalitesi, depresyon, anksiyete

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