Lityumun nörolojik yan etkileri

Öz

Lityum 1940’lı yılların sonuna doğru Avustralya’lı bilim adamı John Cade’in çalışmaları sonucunda iki uçlu mizaç bozukluğunda yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Terapötik aralığının dar olması kullanımını kısıtlasa da iki uçlu bozukluk tedavisinde en önemli ilaçlardan biridir. Terapötik aralığının dar olmasından dolayı lityum zehirlenmesine sık rastlanır. Lityum kullanımı ile mide-barsak, kalp-damar, dermatolojik, endokrinolojik ve sinir sistemlerini ilgilendiren birçok yan etki gelişebilmektedir. Gerek zehirlenmede gerekse normal serum düzeylerinde sinir sistemi ile ilgili yan etkilere sıklıkla rastlanmaktadır. Sinir sistemi ile ilgili yan etkiler lityum tedavisinin nadir olmayan, ancak en az tanınan yan etkilerindendir. Merkezi sinir sistemi ile ilgili yan etkiler hastanın ilaca uyumu konusunda önemli bir sorun teşkil etmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı lityum kullanımı ya da zehirlenmesine bağlı ortaya çıkan sık ve az görülen nörolojik yan etkilerin gözden geçirilmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• lityum, nörolojik, yan etki

Neurological side effects of lithium

Abstract

Lithium began being widely used in bipolar disorder thanks to the work of the Australian scientist John Cade in the late 1940s. Although its narrow therapeutic range restricts its use, it is one of the most important drugs in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Intoxication is frequently encountered due to its narrow therapeutic range. Various side-effects involving the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, dermatological, endocrinological and neurological systems may develop with lithium use. Neurological side-effects are frequently observed in both intoxication and at normal serum levels. Neurological side-effects are one of the common but little known consequences of lithium therapy. Neurological side-effects represent a major problem in terms of patients’ drug compliance. The purpose of this study was to review common and rare neurological side-effects associated with lithium use or intoxication.

Keywords

• lithium, neurological, side-effect

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