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What messages the terms number need to treat (NNT) and number need to harm (NNH) give to the clinician?

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 91 - 4, 01.02.2012
https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120615045043

Abstract

NNT and NNH terms are epidemiological measures that are commonly used day by day. These terms give their messages to the clinician independent from statistical significance and provide important support when he or she plans patient’s treatment protocol. The aim of this review is to give some clues to the clinicians in order to interpret these two terms.

References

  • Laupacis A, Sackett DL, Roberts RS. An assessment of clinically useful measures of the consequences of treatment. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1728-33.
  • Süt N, Şenocak M. Relatif Risk Ölçütünün Odds Oranı, Atfedilen Risk ve Tedaviye Gerekli Sayı Ölçütleriyle Karşılaştırılması. Trakya Univ Tip Fak Derg 2007;24:213-221
  • Möller HJ, Fountoulakis KN. Problems in determining efficacy and effectiveness of antidepressants. Psychiatrike. 2011 Oct- Dec;22:298-306.
  • Srivastava S, Ketter TA.Clinical relevance of treatments for acute bipolar disorder: balancing therapeutic and adverse effects. Clin Ther. 2011;33:40-8.
  • Kok RM, Heeren TJ, Nolen WA.Continuing treatment of depression in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis of double- blinded randomized controlled trials with antidepressants. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011;19:249-55.
  • Montgomery S, Hansen T, Kasper S. Efficacy of escitalopram compared to citalopram: a meta-analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011;14:261-8.
  • Van Lieshout RJ, MacQueen GM.Efficacy and acceptability of mood stabilisers in the treatment of acute bipolar depression: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry. 2010;196:266-73.
  • Alvarez-Jiménez M, Parker AG, Hetrick SE, McGorry PD, Gleeson JF. Preventing the second episode: a systematic review and meta-analysis of psychosocial and pharmacological trials in first- episode psychosis. Schizophr Bull. 2011;37:619-30.
  • Watanabe N, Furukawa TA, Shimodera S, Morokuma I, Katsuki F, Fujita H, Sasaki M, Kawamura C, Perlis ML. Brief behavioral therapy for refractory insomnia in residual depression: an assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011;72:1651-8.
  • Jayaram M, Rattehalli RD, Kader I.Prompt letters to reduce non- attendance: applying evidence based practice. BMC Psychiatry. 2008;16:8:90.
  • Mössler K, Chen X, Heldal TO, Gold C. Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;7:CD004025.
  • Wongpakaran T, Petcharaj K, Wongpakaran N, Sombatmai S, Boripuntakul T, Intarakamhaeng D, Wannarit K. The effect of telephone-based intervention (TBI) in alcohol abusers: a pilot study. J Med Assoc Thai. 2011;94:849-56.
  • Roozen HG, de Waart R, van der Kroft. P. Community reinforcement and family training: an effective option to engage treatment- resistant substance-abusing individuals in treatment. Addiction. 2010;105:1729-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03016.x.
  • Andrews G, Cuijpers P, Craske MG, McEvoy P, Titov N. Computer therapy for the anxiety and depressive disorders is effective, acceptable and practical health care: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2010;13:13196.
  • Smith EG, Sİndergård L, Lopez AG, Andersen PK, Kessing LV.Association between consistent purchase of anticonvulsants or lithium and suicide risk: a longitudinal cohort study from Denmark, 1995-2001.J Affect Disord. 2009;117:162-7.
  • Gao K, Ganocy SJ, Gajwani P, Muzina DJ, Kemp DE, Calabrese JR.A review of sensitivity and tolerability of antipsychotics in patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia: focus on somnolence. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69:302-9.
  • Correll CU, Kishimoto T, Nielsen J, Kane JM.Quantifying clinical relevance in the treatment of schizophrenia. Clin Ther. 2011;33:B16-39.
  • Citrome L. Relative vs. absolute measures of benefit and risk: what’s the difference? Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2010;121:94-102. Epub 2009 Aug 19.
  • Richard T, Vanhaeverbeek M, Van Meerhaeghe A. The number needed to treat (NNT). Rev Med Brux. 2011;32:453-8.
  • Citrome L. Adjunctive aripiprazole, olanzapine, or quetiapine for major depressive disorder: an analysis of number needed to treat, number needed to harm, and likelihood to be helped or harmed. Postgrad Med. 2010;122:39-48.
  • Correll CU, Sheridan EM, DelBello MP.Antipsychotic and mood stabilizer efficacy and tolerability in pediatric and adult patients with bipolar I mania: a comparative analysis of acute, randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Bipolar Disord. 2010;12:116-41.
  • Citrome L. Asenapine for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a review of the efficacy and safety profile for this newly approved sublingually absorbed second-generation antipsychotic. Int J Clin Pract. 2009;63:1762-84. Epub 2009 Oct 14.
  • Huf G, Alexander J, Allen MH, Raveendran NS. Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;8:CD005146.
  • Srivastava S, Ketter TA. Clinical relevance of treatments for acute bipolar disorder: balancing therapeutic and adverse effects. Clin Ther. 2011;33:B40-8.
  • Ketter TA, Citrome L, Wang PW, Culver JL, Srivastava S. Treatments for bipolar disorder: can number needed to treat/harm help inform clinical decisions? Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2011;123:175-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01645.x. Epub 2010 Dec 7.
  • Popovic D, Reinares M, Amann B, Salamero M, Vieta E.Number needed to treat analyses of drugs used for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2011;213:657-67.
  • Stewart JA, Deliyannides DA, Hellerstein DJ, McGrath PJ, Stewart JW.Can people with nonsevere major depression benefit from antidepressant medication? J Clin Psychiatry. 2011 Dec 27. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Gopal S, Berwaerts J, Nuamah I, Akhras K, Coppola D, Daly E, Hough D, Palumbo J.Number needed to treat and number needed to harm with paliperidone palmitate relative to long- acting haloperidol, bromperidol, and fluphenazine decanoate for treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2011;7:93-101.

Tedavi için gerekli sayı (TGS) ve zarar, istenmeyen durum için gerekli sayı (ZGS) kavramları klinisyene ne mesajlar veriyor?

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 91 - 4, 01.02.2012
https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120615045043

Abstract

TGS ve ZGS kavramları gün ve gün yaygın olarak kullanılan epidemiyolojik ölçütlerdir. Bu kavramlar istatistiksel önemliliten bağımsız şekilde mesajlarını klinisyene verirler ve klinisyene hastasının tedavisini planlamasında önemli katkı sağlarlar. Bu derlemede klinisyenlerin bu terimleri doğru yorumlamasını sağlamak adına bazı ipuçlarının verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

References

  • Laupacis A, Sackett DL, Roberts RS. An assessment of clinically useful measures of the consequences of treatment. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1728-33.
  • Süt N, Şenocak M. Relatif Risk Ölçütünün Odds Oranı, Atfedilen Risk ve Tedaviye Gerekli Sayı Ölçütleriyle Karşılaştırılması. Trakya Univ Tip Fak Derg 2007;24:213-221
  • Möller HJ, Fountoulakis KN. Problems in determining efficacy and effectiveness of antidepressants. Psychiatrike. 2011 Oct- Dec;22:298-306.
  • Srivastava S, Ketter TA.Clinical relevance of treatments for acute bipolar disorder: balancing therapeutic and adverse effects. Clin Ther. 2011;33:40-8.
  • Kok RM, Heeren TJ, Nolen WA.Continuing treatment of depression in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis of double- blinded randomized controlled trials with antidepressants. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011;19:249-55.
  • Montgomery S, Hansen T, Kasper S. Efficacy of escitalopram compared to citalopram: a meta-analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011;14:261-8.
  • Van Lieshout RJ, MacQueen GM.Efficacy and acceptability of mood stabilisers in the treatment of acute bipolar depression: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry. 2010;196:266-73.
  • Alvarez-Jiménez M, Parker AG, Hetrick SE, McGorry PD, Gleeson JF. Preventing the second episode: a systematic review and meta-analysis of psychosocial and pharmacological trials in first- episode psychosis. Schizophr Bull. 2011;37:619-30.
  • Watanabe N, Furukawa TA, Shimodera S, Morokuma I, Katsuki F, Fujita H, Sasaki M, Kawamura C, Perlis ML. Brief behavioral therapy for refractory insomnia in residual depression: an assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011;72:1651-8.
  • Jayaram M, Rattehalli RD, Kader I.Prompt letters to reduce non- attendance: applying evidence based practice. BMC Psychiatry. 2008;16:8:90.
  • Mössler K, Chen X, Heldal TO, Gold C. Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;7:CD004025.
  • Wongpakaran T, Petcharaj K, Wongpakaran N, Sombatmai S, Boripuntakul T, Intarakamhaeng D, Wannarit K. The effect of telephone-based intervention (TBI) in alcohol abusers: a pilot study. J Med Assoc Thai. 2011;94:849-56.
  • Roozen HG, de Waart R, van der Kroft. P. Community reinforcement and family training: an effective option to engage treatment- resistant substance-abusing individuals in treatment. Addiction. 2010;105:1729-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03016.x.
  • Andrews G, Cuijpers P, Craske MG, McEvoy P, Titov N. Computer therapy for the anxiety and depressive disorders is effective, acceptable and practical health care: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2010;13:13196.
  • Smith EG, Sİndergård L, Lopez AG, Andersen PK, Kessing LV.Association between consistent purchase of anticonvulsants or lithium and suicide risk: a longitudinal cohort study from Denmark, 1995-2001.J Affect Disord. 2009;117:162-7.
  • Gao K, Ganocy SJ, Gajwani P, Muzina DJ, Kemp DE, Calabrese JR.A review of sensitivity and tolerability of antipsychotics in patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia: focus on somnolence. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;69:302-9.
  • Correll CU, Kishimoto T, Nielsen J, Kane JM.Quantifying clinical relevance in the treatment of schizophrenia. Clin Ther. 2011;33:B16-39.
  • Citrome L. Relative vs. absolute measures of benefit and risk: what’s the difference? Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2010;121:94-102. Epub 2009 Aug 19.
  • Richard T, Vanhaeverbeek M, Van Meerhaeghe A. The number needed to treat (NNT). Rev Med Brux. 2011;32:453-8.
  • Citrome L. Adjunctive aripiprazole, olanzapine, or quetiapine for major depressive disorder: an analysis of number needed to treat, number needed to harm, and likelihood to be helped or harmed. Postgrad Med. 2010;122:39-48.
  • Correll CU, Sheridan EM, DelBello MP.Antipsychotic and mood stabilizer efficacy and tolerability in pediatric and adult patients with bipolar I mania: a comparative analysis of acute, randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Bipolar Disord. 2010;12:116-41.
  • Citrome L. Asenapine for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a review of the efficacy and safety profile for this newly approved sublingually absorbed second-generation antipsychotic. Int J Clin Pract. 2009;63:1762-84. Epub 2009 Oct 14.
  • Huf G, Alexander J, Allen MH, Raveendran NS. Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;8:CD005146.
  • Srivastava S, Ketter TA. Clinical relevance of treatments for acute bipolar disorder: balancing therapeutic and adverse effects. Clin Ther. 2011;33:B40-8.
  • Ketter TA, Citrome L, Wang PW, Culver JL, Srivastava S. Treatments for bipolar disorder: can number needed to treat/harm help inform clinical decisions? Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2011;123:175-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01645.x. Epub 2010 Dec 7.
  • Popovic D, Reinares M, Amann B, Salamero M, Vieta E.Number needed to treat analyses of drugs used for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2011;213:657-67.
  • Stewart JA, Deliyannides DA, Hellerstein DJ, McGrath PJ, Stewart JW.Can people with nonsevere major depression benefit from antidepressant medication? J Clin Psychiatry. 2011 Dec 27. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Gopal S, Berwaerts J, Nuamah I, Akhras K, Coppola D, Daly E, Hough D, Palumbo J.Number needed to treat and number needed to harm with paliperidone palmitate relative to long- acting haloperidol, bromperidol, and fluphenazine decanoate for treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2011;7:93-101.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Selim Kılıç This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıç, S. (2012). Tedavi için gerekli sayı (TGS) ve zarar, istenmeyen durum için gerekli sayı (ZGS) kavramları klinisyene ne mesajlar veriyor?. Journal of Mood Disorders, 2(2), 91-4. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120615045043
AMA Kılıç S. Tedavi için gerekli sayı (TGS) ve zarar, istenmeyen durum için gerekli sayı (ZGS) kavramları klinisyene ne mesajlar veriyor?. Journal of Mood Disorders. February 2012;2(2):91-4. doi:10.5455/jmood.20120615045043
Chicago Kılıç, Selim. “Tedavi için Gerekli Sayı (TGS) Ve Zarar, Istenmeyen Durum için Gerekli Sayı (ZGS) Kavramları Klinisyene Ne Mesajlar Veriyor?”. Journal of Mood Disorders 2, no. 2 (February 2012): 91-4. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120615045043.
EndNote Kılıç S (February 1, 2012) Tedavi için gerekli sayı (TGS) ve zarar, istenmeyen durum için gerekli sayı (ZGS) kavramları klinisyene ne mesajlar veriyor?. Journal of Mood Disorders 2 2 91–4.
IEEE S. Kılıç, “Tedavi için gerekli sayı (TGS) ve zarar, istenmeyen durum için gerekli sayı (ZGS) kavramları klinisyene ne mesajlar veriyor?”, Journal of Mood Disorders, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 91–4, 2012, doi: 10.5455/jmood.20120615045043.
ISNAD Kılıç, Selim. “Tedavi için Gerekli Sayı (TGS) Ve Zarar, Istenmeyen Durum için Gerekli Sayı (ZGS) Kavramları Klinisyene Ne Mesajlar Veriyor?”. Journal of Mood Disorders 2/2 (February 2012), 91-4. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120615045043.
JAMA Kılıç S. Tedavi için gerekli sayı (TGS) ve zarar, istenmeyen durum için gerekli sayı (ZGS) kavramları klinisyene ne mesajlar veriyor?. Journal of Mood Disorders. 2012;2:91–4.
MLA Kılıç, Selim. “Tedavi için Gerekli Sayı (TGS) Ve Zarar, Istenmeyen Durum için Gerekli Sayı (ZGS) Kavramları Klinisyene Ne Mesajlar Veriyor?”. Journal of Mood Disorders, vol. 2, no. 2, 2012, pp. 91-4, doi:10.5455/jmood.20120615045043.
Vancouver Kılıç S. Tedavi için gerekli sayı (TGS) ve zarar, istenmeyen durum için gerekli sayı (ZGS) kavramları klinisyene ne mesajlar veriyor?. Journal of Mood Disorders. 2012;2(2):91-4.