Acute myeloid leukemia under lenalidomide therapy in a patient with multiple myeloma

Abstract

A 53-year-old patient who had a 7 year history of multiple myeloma was diagnosed with high risk myelodysplastic syndrome while on lenalidomide treatment. Progression to acute myeloid leukemia has occurred during the following 4 months. Like our case, secondary primary malignancies (SPMs) can rarely complicate treatment of multiple myeloma. Although possible association between SPMs in patients receiving lenalidomide can be attributed to previous melphalan use, potential SPM risk with lenalidomide cannot still be ruled out safely

 

Keywords

• Multiple myeloma; Lenalidomide; Acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia under lenalidomide therapy in a patient with multiple myeloma

Abstract

References

1. Kyle RA, Pierre RV, Bayrd ED. Multiple myeloma and acute myelomonocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1970;283(21):1121-5.
2. Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Marit G, Caillot D, Moreau P, Facon T, et al. Lenalidomide maintenance after stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(19):1782-91.
3. McCarthy PL, Owzar K, Hofmeister CC, Hurd DD, Hassoun H, Richardson PG, et al. Lenalidomide after stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(19):1770-81.
4. Palumbo A, Hajek R, Delforge M, Kropff M, Petrucci MT, Catalano J, et al. Continuous lenalidomide treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(19):1759-69.
5. Dimopoulos MA, Richardson PG, Brandenburg N, Yu Z, Weber DM, Niesvizky R, et al. A review of second primary malignancy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma treated with lenalidomide. Blood. 2012;119(12):2764-7.
6. Rossi AC, Mark TM, Jayabalan D, Christos PJ, Zafar F, Pekle K, et al. Incidence of second primary malignancies (SPM) after 6-years follow-up of continuous lenalidomide in first-line treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). J Clin Oncol. 2011;29: abstr 8008.