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The evaluation of hearing functions in patients with childhood vitiligo: are melanocytes involved in the inner ear?

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 36 - 41, 31.10.2018
https://doi.org/10.33204/mucosa.465551

Abstract

Background



Vitiligo
is a common pigment disorder characterized by destruction of melanocytes in
epidermis. The inner ear is also one of the remarkable sites of melanocytes.
The mechanism destroying the melanocytes in vitiligo may also affect other
melanocyctic organs. Several studies have been reported some hearing
abnormalities in patients with vitiligo.



Objective



The
purpose of the study is to evaluate the hearing functions with transient-evoked
otoacoustic emission (TOAE) test according to the clinical types, disease
activity, localization at onset, age at onset, and duration of of the disease
in the children with vitiligo.



Methods



Thirty-five
patients with childhood vitiligo (18 females and 17 males, mean age 9.71 ±
3.75) and a healthy control group consisting 35 children (18 females and 17
males, mean age 9.23 ± 3.40) were consecutively enrolled to this prospective
study. Clinical characteristics of the disease including types, activity,
localization at onset, age at onset and duration were noted. Auditory functions
of children with vitiligo and healthy controls were measured by TOAE test. Test
results were compared between vitiligo and control group, and in subgroups of vitiligo
patients according to disease characteristics.  



Results



There
was no statistically significant differences between the childhood vitiligo
group and control group when TOAE test results compared (p > 0.05). Children
with disease onset at the head and neck had significantly higher TOAE test
results including in the right ear at a frequency of 4 KHz and average
frequency, while compared to the children with disease onset at other areas,
respectively (p=0.012, p=0.034). There was no statistically significant
differences, while TOAE results of subgroups compared according to clinical
types, activity, and duration of the disease in the patients with vitiligo (p
> 0.05).



Conclusions



According to the our study,
which is the first one measures the auditory functions by TOAE in children with
vitiligo, TOAE test results did not differ from healthy controls. Although the melanocytes
are present in the inner ear, our findings suggest that auditory functions of
children with vitiligo are not affected. 

References

  • 1. Iannella G, Greco A, Didona D, et al. Vitiligo: Pathogenesis, clinical variants and treatment approaches.Autoimmun Rev 2016;15:335-43.
  • 2. Anbar TS, El-Badry MM, McGrath JA, Abdel-Azim ES. Most individuals with either segmental or non-segmental vitiligo display evidence of bilateral cochlear dysfunction. Br J Dermatol 2015;172:406-11.
  • 3. La Ferriere KA, Arenberg IK, Hawkins JE Jr, Johnsson LG. Melanocytes of the vestibular labyrinth and their relationship to the microvasculature. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1974;83:685-94.
  • 4. Tachibana M. Sound needs sound melanocytes to be heard. Pigment Cell Res 1999;12:344-54.
  • 5. Prieve B, Fitzgerald S. Otoacoustic emissions. In: Handbook of Clinical Audiology. (Katz J, eds), Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, 2003;440–60.
  • 6. Kovasc SO. Vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38:647-66.
  • 7. Escalente-Ugalde C, Poblano A, Montes de Oca Eet al. No evidence of hearing loss in patients with vitiligo. Arch Dermatol 1991;127:1240.
  • 8. Aydogan K, Turan OF, Onart S, et al. Audiological abnormalities in patients with vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2006;31:110-3.
  • 9. Angrisani RMG, Azevedo FM, Pereira LD, et al. A study on otoacoustic emisions and supression effects in patients with vitiligo. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2009;75:111-5.
  • 10. Cuesta SM,Contreras J, Zurita E, Cediel R, Cantero M , Nieto I, Montoliu L. Melanin precursors prevent premature age-related and noise-induced hearing loss in albino mice . Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2009;23:72–83.
  • 11. Huggins RH, Janusz CA, Schwartz RA. Vitiligo: A sign of systemic disease. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2006;72:68-71.
  • 12. Tosti A, Bardazzi F, Tosti G, et al. Audiologic abnormalities in cases vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1987;17:230-3.
  • 13. Ozüer MZ, Sahiner T, Aktan S, et al. Auditory evoked potentials in vitiligo patients. Scand Audiol 1998;27:255-8.
  • 14. Ardiç FN, Aktan S, Kara CO, et al. High-frequency hearing and reflex latency in patients with pigment disorder. Am J Otolaryngol 1998;19:365-9.
  • 15. Hong CK, Lee MH, Jeong KH, et al. Clinical analysis of hearing levels in vitiligo patients. Eur J Dermatol 2009;19:50-6.
  • 16. Aslan S, Serarslan G, Teksoz E, Dagli S. Audiological and transient evoked otoacoustic emission findings in patients with vitiligo. Otolaryngol Head and Neck Surg 2010;142:409-15.

Çocukluk çağı vitiligosu olan hastalarda işitme fonksiyonlarının değerlendirilmesi: İç kulaktaki melanositler etkileniyor mu?

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 36 - 41, 31.10.2018
https://doi.org/10.33204/mucosa.465551

Abstract

Giriş

Vitiligo,
epidermiste melanositlerin yıkımı ile karakterize olan yaygın bir pigmentasyon hastalığıdır.
İç kulak da melanositlerin bulunduğu dikkat çekici yerlerdendir. Vitiligoda
melanositleri yok eden mekanizma diğer melanositik organları da etkileyebilir. Çeşitli
çalışmalarda vitiligo hastalarında bazı işitme bozuklukları bildirilmiştir.

Amaç

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, vitiligolu çocuklarda klinik tiplere, hastalık aktivitesine,
başlangıç lokalizasyonuna, başlangıç ​​yaşına ve hastalığın süresine göre transient-uyarılmış
otoakustik emisyon (TOAE) testi ile işitme fonksiyonlarını değerlendirmektir.

Yöntemler

Prospektif
çalışmaya çocukluk çağı vitiligosu olan otuz beş çocuk (18 kız, 17 erkek, ort. yaş
9.71 ± 3.75) ve kontrol grubu olarak 35 sağlıklı çocuk (18 kız, 17 erkek, ort. yaş
9.23 ± 3.40) dahil edildi. Hastalığın tipleri, aktivite, başlangıçtaki
lokalizasyon, başlangıç ​​yaşı ve süre dahil olmak üzere hastalığın klinik
özellikleri kaydedildi. Vitiligolu çocukların ve sağlıklı kontrollerin işitsel fonksiyonları
TOAE testi ile değerlendirildi. Test sonuçları, vitiligo ve kontrol grubu arasında,
ve ayrıca vitiligo hastalarının alt gruplarında hastalık özelliklerine göre
karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular

Çocukluk
çağı vitiligo grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında TOAE testi sonuçları açısından
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p> 0.05). Baş ve boyunda
hastalık başlangıcı olan çocuklar, sağ kulakta, 4 KHz frekansında ve ortalama
frekansta, diğer alanlarda hastalık başlangıcı olan çocuklara göre anlamlı
olarak daha yüksek TOAE test sonuçlarına sahipti     (p=0.012, p=0.034). TOAE sonuçları,
vitiligonun klinik tipleri, aktivite ve hastalık süresine göre alt gruplarında karşılaştırıldığında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p> 0.05).

Sonuçlar



















Vitiligolu
çocuklarda işitsel fonksiyonları TOAE testi ile ilk olarak değerlendiren çalışmamıza
göre, TOAE testi sonuçları sağlıklı kontrollerden farklı değildi. Her ne kadar
melanositler iç kulakta mevcut olsa da, bulgularımız vitiligolu çocukların
işitsel işlevlerinin etkilenmediğini göstermektedir.

References

  • 1. Iannella G, Greco A, Didona D, et al. Vitiligo: Pathogenesis, clinical variants and treatment approaches.Autoimmun Rev 2016;15:335-43.
  • 2. Anbar TS, El-Badry MM, McGrath JA, Abdel-Azim ES. Most individuals with either segmental or non-segmental vitiligo display evidence of bilateral cochlear dysfunction. Br J Dermatol 2015;172:406-11.
  • 3. La Ferriere KA, Arenberg IK, Hawkins JE Jr, Johnsson LG. Melanocytes of the vestibular labyrinth and their relationship to the microvasculature. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1974;83:685-94.
  • 4. Tachibana M. Sound needs sound melanocytes to be heard. Pigment Cell Res 1999;12:344-54.
  • 5. Prieve B, Fitzgerald S. Otoacoustic emissions. In: Handbook of Clinical Audiology. (Katz J, eds), Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, 2003;440–60.
  • 6. Kovasc SO. Vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38:647-66.
  • 7. Escalente-Ugalde C, Poblano A, Montes de Oca Eet al. No evidence of hearing loss in patients with vitiligo. Arch Dermatol 1991;127:1240.
  • 8. Aydogan K, Turan OF, Onart S, et al. Audiological abnormalities in patients with vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2006;31:110-3.
  • 9. Angrisani RMG, Azevedo FM, Pereira LD, et al. A study on otoacoustic emisions and supression effects in patients with vitiligo. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2009;75:111-5.
  • 10. Cuesta SM,Contreras J, Zurita E, Cediel R, Cantero M , Nieto I, Montoliu L. Melanin precursors prevent premature age-related and noise-induced hearing loss in albino mice . Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2009;23:72–83.
  • 11. Huggins RH, Janusz CA, Schwartz RA. Vitiligo: A sign of systemic disease. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2006;72:68-71.
  • 12. Tosti A, Bardazzi F, Tosti G, et al. Audiologic abnormalities in cases vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1987;17:230-3.
  • 13. Ozüer MZ, Sahiner T, Aktan S, et al. Auditory evoked potentials in vitiligo patients. Scand Audiol 1998;27:255-8.
  • 14. Ardiç FN, Aktan S, Kara CO, et al. High-frequency hearing and reflex latency in patients with pigment disorder. Am J Otolaryngol 1998;19:365-9.
  • 15. Hong CK, Lee MH, Jeong KH, et al. Clinical analysis of hearing levels in vitiligo patients. Eur J Dermatol 2009;19:50-6.
  • 16. Aslan S, Serarslan G, Teksoz E, Dagli S. Audiological and transient evoked otoacoustic emission findings in patients with vitiligo. Otolaryngol Head and Neck Surg 2010;142:409-15.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Osman Caglar Cevik This is me

Arzu Aydin Capkin This is me

Ahmet Arslan This is me

Neslihan Kul This is me

Deniz Aksu Arica

Publication Date October 31, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Cevik OC, Aydin Capkin A, Arslan A, Kul N, Aksu Arica D. The evaluation of hearing functions in patients with childhood vitiligo: are melanocytes involved in the inner ear?. Mucosa. 2018;1(2):36-41.