TARİHTE BİLİNEN İLK ALTIN RESESYONUNA NEDEN OLAN BİRİSİ OLARAK ALTIN VE TUZ KRALI MANSA MUSA’NIN SERVETİNİN EKONOMİK YANSIMALARI

Year 2023, Issue: 24, 67 - 80, 20.01.2023

Cengiz Toraman , Elif Ulucenk

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Mansa Musa’nın dönemine yaptığı finansal etkiyi ve servetinin kaynağını açıklamaktır. Mali İmparatorluğu’na altın çağını yaşatan Mansa Musa’nın 14. yüzyıla ait serveti, güncel literatür için henüz cevaplanamamış bir tartışma sorusudur. Günümüz ekonomisinde tutarının tam olarak hesaplanamadığı bu servetin, yaklaşık 400 milyar $ olduğuna yönelik iddialar bulunmaktadır. Dünya altın rezervinin yarısı veya 1/3’üne hâkim olan Mali İmparatorluğu’nun dünya haritasında konumlanmasına etki eden hadiselerden biri de, Mansa Musa’nın Kuzey Afrika ve Orta Doğu arasında, 1324- 1326 yıllarında yapmış olduğu görkemli “hac yolculuğudur.” Tarihte eşi benzeri görülmemiş ve çoğunluğu altın harcamasıyla finanse edilen bu yolculuğun, Mısır’a finansal etkisi 12 yıl sürmüştür. Ancak bu hac yolculuğu sayesinde Mansa Musa ve ülkesi, Afrika’nın tamamında, Orta Doğu’da ve Avrupa’da büyük bir üne kavuşmuştur.

Keywords

Altın, Mansa Musa, Mali İmparatorluğu, Batı Afrika

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