IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT BODIPY DYES AS PHOTOSENSITIZER IN METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus TREATMENT

Abstract

The antibiotic period is now ending and the probability of discovering new classes of antibiotics is considerably low. It is required to find out alternative antimicrobial technologies that bacteria will not be able to develop resistance, and that will be equally effective regardless of the current resistance situation. In this regard, we investigated antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation effects of three boradiazaindacenes (BODIPYs) 1‒3 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). BODIPYs 1‒3 with different substituents (-NMe2, NO2 and -Br, respectively) at the meso position were synthesized. The photodynamic inactivation effects of BODIPYs 1‒3 were tested against one broad spectrum antibiotic resistant bacterial model strain, a clinically described MRSA. In particular BODIPY 2 was found more effective when compared to the others at 25, 50 and 100 nM concentrations. BODIPYs 1‒3 did not show any toxic effect in the dark at given concentrations. In addition, a high degree of photodynamic inactivation were detected with 2 and 3 by irradiation at 6.66 ‒ 8.88 J/cm² light doses, while the efficiency of 1 was not significantly affected from illumination times. The results indicate that BODIPYs, especially nitro group BODIPY 2, can be used in the photodynamic inactivation of MRSA at nanomolar concentrations and low energy doses.

Keywords

• BODIPY,photosensitizer,photodynamic therapy,Staphylococcus aureus

FARKLI BODIPY BOYALARININ METİSİLİN DİRENÇLİ Staphylococcus aureus TEDAVİSİNDE FOTOSENSİTİZER OLARAK ETKİNLİĞİNİN İN VİTRO DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

Antibiyotik dönemi günümüzde sona eriyor ve yeni antibiyotik sınıflarını keşfetme olasılığı oldukça düşüktür. Bakterilerin direnç geliştiremeyeceği ve mevcut direnç durumundan bağımsız olarak eşit derecede etkili olacak alternatif antimikrobiyal teknolojileri bulmak gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, üç boradiazaindacene’nin (BODIPY) (1‒3) metisiline dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 'a karşı antimikrobiyal fotodinamik inaktivasyon etkilerini araştırdık. Mezo pozisyonunda farklı sübstitüentlere (sırasıyla -NMe2, -NO2ve -Br) sahip BODIPY 1‒3sentezlendi. BODIPY 1‒3'ün fotodinamik inaktivasyon etkileri, geniş spektrumlu antibiyotik dirençli bir bakteriyel model suşuna karşı test edildi, klinik olarak tanımlanmış bir MRSA. Özellikle 25, 50 ve 100 nM konsantrasyonlarda diğerleri ile karşılaştırıldığında özellikle BODIPY 2’nin diğerlerine göre daha etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. BODIPY 1‒3, verilen konsantrasyonlarda karanlıkta herhangi bir toksik etki göstermemişlerdir. Ek olarak, 1'in etkinliği aydınlatma sürelerinden önemli ölçüde etkilenmezken, 6.66 ‒ 8.88 J/cm² ışık dozlarındaki ışınlanmada 2ve 3’te yüksek derecede fotodinamik inaktivasyon belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar göstermektedir ki, BODIPY’ler, özellikle nitro grup BODIPY 2, nanomolar konsantrasyonlarda ve düşük enerji dozlarında MRSA’nın fotodinamik inaktivasyonunda kullanılabilir.

Keywords

• BODIPY,fotosensitizer,fotodinamik terapi,Staphylococcus aureus

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