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TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ

Year 2020, , 223 - 246, 31.12.2020

Esra Bulut Gülay Çizgici Akyüz

https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.854325
Cited By: 7

Abstract

FinTek, müşteri odaklı yeni hizmet anlayışıyla birlikte dijital arenayı bankalar için bir rekabet alanına
dönüştürmektedir. Dijital bankacılık, bu çerçevede, bankaların FinTek Kurumlarına karşı rekabet
avantajlarını korumalarında önem kazanmaktadır. Dijital bankacılık, herhangi bir yer ve zamanda finansal
işlem yapmayı mümkün kılarak ekonomik faaliyetleri hızlandırma potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın
temel amacı, Türkiye’de dijital bankacılığın ekonomik büyüme ile ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Bu doğrultuda;
çalışmada 2011:Q1 – 2019:Q4 dönemi dijital bankacılık verileri ve Reel Gayrisafi Yurt İçi Hasıla Büyüme
Hızı verileri kullanılmış ve ARDL eş-bütünleşme analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda dijital bankacılığın
ekonomik büyüme üzerine kısa ve uzun dönemde etkisinin pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu
belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Dijital Bankacılık Finansal Teknoloji FinTek Ekonomik Büyüme

References

  • AJIDE, Folorunsho M. (2016). Financial Innovation and Sustainable Development in Selected Countries in West Africa, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę “Cognitione”, 12(3): 85-111.
  • ANGGREINI, Silvia Ika ve Singapurwoko, Arif (2019). The Disruption of Fintech On Rural Bank: An Empirical Study On Rural Banks in Indonesia, 20th International Conference on Contemporary issues in Science, Engineering and Management (ICCI-SEM), April 2019, Singapore.
  • BARA, Alex ve Mudzingiri, Calvin (2016). Financial Innovation and Economic Growth: Evidence From Zimbabwe, Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 13(2): 65-75.
  • BBVA (2015). Turkish Banks’ Digitalisation, Digital Economy Outlook July-August 2015: 7-16.
  • BEĆIROVIĆ, S., Bajramović, Dž. ve Ahmatović, A. (2011). The Role of Mobile Banking in Enhancing Economic Development, International Conference: Communication and business sector, Berane: FMSK, 89-98.
  • BECK, T., Chen, T., Lin, C. ve Song, F. M. (2016). Financial Innovation: The Bright and The Dark Sides, Journal of Banking and Finance, 72: 28-51.
  • BHARGAVA, A. (1986). On The Theory of Testing For Unit Roots in Observed Time Series, Review of Economic Studies, 53(3): 369-384.
  • BIGIRIMANA, Moise ve Hongyi, Xu (2018). Research on Relationship Between Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth of Rwanda: Evidence from Commercial Banks with ARDL Approach, International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 4 (19): 7-18.
  • BOFONDI, M., ve Gobbi, G. (2017). The big promise of FinTech. European Economy Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 107–119.
  • CARBÓ VALVERDE, S., López del Paso, R., ve Rodríguez-Fernández, F. (2007). Financial Innovations in Banking: Impact on Regional Growth, Regional Studies, 41(3): 311-326.
  • CHOU, Yuan K. (2007). Modeling Financial Innovation and Economic Growth: Why the Financial Sector Matters to the Real Economy, The Journal of Economic Education, Winter, 38 (1): 78-91.
  • ÇAĞIL, Gülcan ve Candemir Gözde (2020). Türk Bankacılık Sektörünün FinTek’ler Karşısında A’WOT Analizi, Maliye ve Finans Yazıları, 113: 207-238.
  • DAPP, Thomas F. (2015). Fintech Reloaded-Traditional Banks As Digital Ecosystems. Deutsche Bank Research.
  • DELOITTE (2018). EMEA Digital Banking Maturity 2018, https://www2.deloitte.com/DigitalBankingMaturity, (Erişim Tarihi:01.04.2020).
  • DELOITTE (2019). Türkiye, Dijital Bankacılıkta EMEA Şampiyonları Arasında, The Deloitte Times, Haziran 2019, (Erişim Tarihi: 01.04.2020).
  • DENG, Xiang, Huang, Zhi ve Cheng, Xiang (2019). FinTech and Sustainable Development: Evidence from China Based on P2P Data, Sustainablity, 11, 6434:1-19.
  • DERMINE, Jean (2016), Digital Banking and Market Disruption: A Sense of Déjà Vu?, Financial Stability in the Digital Era, Banque de France, Financial Stability Review, April, 20: 1-8.
  • DERMINE, Jean (2017), Digital Disruption and Bank Lending, European Economy – Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 63-76.
  • DICKEY, D. A. ve Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of The Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with A Unit Root, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366): 427-431.
  • DRASCH, Benedict J., Schweizer, André ve Urbach, Nils, (2018). Integrating The ‘Troublemakers’: A Taxonomy for Cooperation Between Banks and Fintechs, Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, 100 (C): 26-42.
  • ENGLE, R.F. ve Granger, C.W.J. (1987). Co-integration and Error Correction Representation, Estimation and Testing, Econometrica, 55(2): 251 – 276.
  • FORGELLI, Agostino ve Rubino, Cesare (2016). Does Mobile Banking Improve Financial Inclusion?, Universidad Autonoma De Madrid, International Master in Microfinance for Entrepreneurship, 7th Edition, Working Paper Series, No. 06-2016.
  • GÜNDOĞDU, Aysel ve Taşkın Fatma Dilvin (2017). Analysis of The Relationshıp Between Financial Innovation and The Performance of Turkish Banking System, International Review of Economics and Management, 5 (3): 16-32.
  • HIRT, M., ve Willmott, P. (2014). Strategic Principles for Competing in the Digital Age, McKinsey Quarterly, 1–13.
  • JOHANSEN, S. ve Juselius, K. (1990). Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration – with Applications to The Demand for Money, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(2): 169-210.
  • JOHNSON, Simon ve Kwak, James (2012). Is Financial Innovation Good For The Economy?, NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, 12: 1-15, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • KAHVECİ, Eyup ve Wolfs, Bert (2018). Digital Banking Impact on Turkish Depositbanks Performance, Banks and Bank Systems, 13 (3): 48-57. doi:10.21511/bbs.13(3).2018.05
  • KHAN, Y.M. (2019). An Essential Review of Internet Banking Services in Developing Countries, e-Finanse, 15: 73-86.
  • KHANBOUBI, Fadoua ve Boulmakoul, Azedine (2019). Digital Transformation Metamodel in Banking, INTIS 2019: 8th edition of International Conference on Innovation and New Trends in Information Technology, Tangier Morocco.
  • KHIEWNGAMDEE, Chatchai ve Yan, Ho-don (2019. The Role of Fintech e-Payment on APEC Economic Development, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series1324, 012099IOP. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1324/1/012099.
  • KING, Robert G. ve Levine, Ross (1993). Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, August, 1993: 717-736.
  • LEVINE, Ross (1997). Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda, Journal of Economic Literature, 35 (2): 688-726.
  • MACKINNON, J.G. (1996). Numerical Distribution Functions for Unit Root and Cointegration Tests, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 11(6): 601-618.
  • MC KINSEY (2016). Digital Finance For All: Powering Inclusive Growth in Emerging Economies, https://www.mckinsey.com, (Erişim Tarihi: 25.04.2020).
  • MOLLAAHMETOĞLU, E. ve Akçalı, B. Yaşar (2019). Financial Innovation: The Missing-Link Between Financial Development and Economic Growth, 3rd World Conference on Technology, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, İstanbul, Turkey, 1-10.
  • NARAYAN, P.K. (2005). The Saving and Investment Nexus for China: Evidence from Cointegration Tests, Applied Economics, 37(17): 1979-1990.
  • NARAYAN, P.K. ve Smyth, R. (2006). What Determines Migration Flows from Lowincome To High-Income Countries? An Empirical İnvestigation of Fiji-US Migration 1972–2001, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2): 332– 342.
  • NAVARETTI, Giorgio Barba, Calzolari, Giacomo ve Pozzolo, Alberto Franco (2017). FinTech and Banks: Friends or Foes?, European Economy – Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 9-30.
  • NG, S. ve Perron, P. (2001). Lag Length Selection and The Construction of Unit Root Tests with Good Size and Power, Econometrica, 69(6): 1519-1554.
  • OECD (2020). Digital Disruption in Banking and its Impact on Competition http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/digital-disruption-in-financial-markets.htm. (Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2020).
  • OMARINI, Anna Eugenia (2018). Fintech and the Future of the Payment Landscape: The Mobile Wallet Ecosystem – A Challenge for Retail Banks?, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, 9 (4): 97-116.
  • OZILI, Peterson K. (2018). Impact of Digital Finance On Financial Inclusion and Stability, Borsa İstanbul Review, 18 (4): 329-340.
  • OZURUMBA, Cynthia O. ve Charles, Onyeiwu (2019). The Impact of Financial Innovation on Economic Growth in Nigeria, International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, VII (8), United Kingdom ISSN 2348 0386.
  • PARKER, T. ve Parker, M. (2008). Electronic Banking in Finland and The Effect on Money, Velocity. Journal of Money, Investment and Banking, 4: 20-25.
  • PESARAN, M.H., Shin, Y., ve Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16: 289 – 326.
  • PWC (2016). Fintech: Redefining Banking for Customers, Decade Edition of CII Banking TECH Summit 2016, (Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2020).
  • QAMRUZZAMAN, Md. ve Jianguo, Wei (2017). Financial Innovation and Economic Growth in Bangladesh, Financial Innovation, 3, (1): 1-24.
  • RAFAY, A. (2019). FinTech as a Disruptive Technology for Financial Institutions. PA: IGI Publishing, USA. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7805-5.
  • RAVIKUMAR, T. Suresha, B., Sriram, M. ve Rajesh, R. (2019). Impact of Digital Payments on Economic Growth: Evidence from India, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, 8 (12): 553-557.
  • SAEED, Muhammad Yasir, Ramzan, Muhammad ve Hamid, Kahif (2018). Dynamics of Banking Performance Indicators and Economic Growth: long-Run Financial Development Nexus in Pakistan, European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 7 (3), Special Issue on Contemporary Research in Social Sciences, ISSN 1805-3602, 141-163.
  • SCHINDLER, John (2017). FinTech and Financial Innovation: Drivers and Depth, Financeand Economics Discussion Series 2017-081. Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, https://doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2017.081.
  • SINGH, Ardhendu Shekhar, Venkataramani, Bhama ve Ambarkhane, Dilip (2014). Role of Mobile Banking in Financial Inclusion, SSRN Electronic Journal · January 2014.
  • SCHUMPETER, J.A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development, Cambridge, Ma, Us: Harvard University Press.
  • TBB, https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr/bankacilik/banka-ve-sektor-bilgileri/istatistiki-raporlar/59. (Erişim Tarihi: 06.04.2020).
  • TERZİ H. ve Akbulut Bekar, S. (2019). Türkiye’de Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Turizm ve Dışa Açıklık Arasındaki İlişki: 1974-2014 Dönemi., Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 20 (1): 15-30.
  • TUNÇ, Burcu (2019). Fintech Market in Turkey: Statistical Implications, https://www.bis.org/ifc/events/ifc_bnm/3_tunc.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2020).
  • TÜİK, http://www.tuik.gov.tr, (Erişim Tarihi: 06.04.2020).
  • VIVES, X. (2017). The Impact of FinTech on Banking. European Economy – Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 97-106.
  • WEF (2016). Digital Transformation of Industries Demystifying Digital and Securing $100 Trillion for Society and Industry by 2025. http://reports.weforum.org/digital-transformation/wp-content/blogs.dir/94/mp/files/pages/files/wef-digital-transformation-2016-exec-summary.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 17.04.2020).
  • YAMAK, R. ve Erdem, H.F. (2017). Uygulamalı Zaman Serisi Analizi. Celepler Matbaa Yayın ve Dağıtım, I. Baskı, Trabzon.
  • ZANDI, Mark, Koropeckyj, Sophia, Singh, Virendra ve Matsiras, Paul (2016). The Impact of Electronic Payments on Economic Growth, Moody’s Analytics, www.moodysanalytics.com. (Erişim Tarihi: 04.04.2020).

Year 2020, , 223 - 246, 31.12.2020

Esra Bulut Gülay Çizgici Akyüz

https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.854325
Cited By: 7

Abstract

References

  • AJIDE, Folorunsho M. (2016). Financial Innovation and Sustainable Development in Selected Countries in West Africa, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę “Cognitione”, 12(3): 85-111.
  • ANGGREINI, Silvia Ika ve Singapurwoko, Arif (2019). The Disruption of Fintech On Rural Bank: An Empirical Study On Rural Banks in Indonesia, 20th International Conference on Contemporary issues in Science, Engineering and Management (ICCI-SEM), April 2019, Singapore.
  • BARA, Alex ve Mudzingiri, Calvin (2016). Financial Innovation and Economic Growth: Evidence From Zimbabwe, Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 13(2): 65-75.
  • BBVA (2015). Turkish Banks’ Digitalisation, Digital Economy Outlook July-August 2015: 7-16.
  • BEĆIROVIĆ, S., Bajramović, Dž. ve Ahmatović, A. (2011). The Role of Mobile Banking in Enhancing Economic Development, International Conference: Communication and business sector, Berane: FMSK, 89-98.
  • BECK, T., Chen, T., Lin, C. ve Song, F. M. (2016). Financial Innovation: The Bright and The Dark Sides, Journal of Banking and Finance, 72: 28-51.
  • BHARGAVA, A. (1986). On The Theory of Testing For Unit Roots in Observed Time Series, Review of Economic Studies, 53(3): 369-384.
  • BIGIRIMANA, Moise ve Hongyi, Xu (2018). Research on Relationship Between Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth of Rwanda: Evidence from Commercial Banks with ARDL Approach, International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 4 (19): 7-18.
  • BOFONDI, M., ve Gobbi, G. (2017). The big promise of FinTech. European Economy Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 107–119.
  • CARBÓ VALVERDE, S., López del Paso, R., ve Rodríguez-Fernández, F. (2007). Financial Innovations in Banking: Impact on Regional Growth, Regional Studies, 41(3): 311-326.
  • CHOU, Yuan K. (2007). Modeling Financial Innovation and Economic Growth: Why the Financial Sector Matters to the Real Economy, The Journal of Economic Education, Winter, 38 (1): 78-91.
  • ÇAĞIL, Gülcan ve Candemir Gözde (2020). Türk Bankacılık Sektörünün FinTek’ler Karşısında A’WOT Analizi, Maliye ve Finans Yazıları, 113: 207-238.
  • DAPP, Thomas F. (2015). Fintech Reloaded-Traditional Banks As Digital Ecosystems. Deutsche Bank Research.
  • DELOITTE (2018). EMEA Digital Banking Maturity 2018, https://www2.deloitte.com/DigitalBankingMaturity, (Erişim Tarihi:01.04.2020).
  • DELOITTE (2019). Türkiye, Dijital Bankacılıkta EMEA Şampiyonları Arasında, The Deloitte Times, Haziran 2019, (Erişim Tarihi: 01.04.2020).
  • DENG, Xiang, Huang, Zhi ve Cheng, Xiang (2019). FinTech and Sustainable Development: Evidence from China Based on P2P Data, Sustainablity, 11, 6434:1-19.
  • DERMINE, Jean (2016), Digital Banking and Market Disruption: A Sense of Déjà Vu?, Financial Stability in the Digital Era, Banque de France, Financial Stability Review, April, 20: 1-8.
  • DERMINE, Jean (2017), Digital Disruption and Bank Lending, European Economy – Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 63-76.
  • DICKEY, D. A. ve Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of The Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with A Unit Root, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366): 427-431.
  • DRASCH, Benedict J., Schweizer, André ve Urbach, Nils, (2018). Integrating The ‘Troublemakers’: A Taxonomy for Cooperation Between Banks and Fintechs, Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, 100 (C): 26-42.
  • ENGLE, R.F. ve Granger, C.W.J. (1987). Co-integration and Error Correction Representation, Estimation and Testing, Econometrica, 55(2): 251 – 276.
  • FORGELLI, Agostino ve Rubino, Cesare (2016). Does Mobile Banking Improve Financial Inclusion?, Universidad Autonoma De Madrid, International Master in Microfinance for Entrepreneurship, 7th Edition, Working Paper Series, No. 06-2016.
  • GÜNDOĞDU, Aysel ve Taşkın Fatma Dilvin (2017). Analysis of The Relationshıp Between Financial Innovation and The Performance of Turkish Banking System, International Review of Economics and Management, 5 (3): 16-32.
  • HIRT, M., ve Willmott, P. (2014). Strategic Principles for Competing in the Digital Age, McKinsey Quarterly, 1–13.
  • JOHANSEN, S. ve Juselius, K. (1990). Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration – with Applications to The Demand for Money, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(2): 169-210.
  • JOHNSON, Simon ve Kwak, James (2012). Is Financial Innovation Good For The Economy?, NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, 12: 1-15, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • KAHVECİ, Eyup ve Wolfs, Bert (2018). Digital Banking Impact on Turkish Depositbanks Performance, Banks and Bank Systems, 13 (3): 48-57. doi:10.21511/bbs.13(3).2018.05
  • KHAN, Y.M. (2019). An Essential Review of Internet Banking Services in Developing Countries, e-Finanse, 15: 73-86.
  • KHANBOUBI, Fadoua ve Boulmakoul, Azedine (2019). Digital Transformation Metamodel in Banking, INTIS 2019: 8th edition of International Conference on Innovation and New Trends in Information Technology, Tangier Morocco.
  • KHIEWNGAMDEE, Chatchai ve Yan, Ho-don (2019. The Role of Fintech e-Payment on APEC Economic Development, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series1324, 012099IOP. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1324/1/012099.
  • KING, Robert G. ve Levine, Ross (1993). Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, August, 1993: 717-736.
  • LEVINE, Ross (1997). Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda, Journal of Economic Literature, 35 (2): 688-726.
  • MACKINNON, J.G. (1996). Numerical Distribution Functions for Unit Root and Cointegration Tests, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 11(6): 601-618.
  • MC KINSEY (2016). Digital Finance For All: Powering Inclusive Growth in Emerging Economies, https://www.mckinsey.com, (Erişim Tarihi: 25.04.2020).
  • MOLLAAHMETOĞLU, E. ve Akçalı, B. Yaşar (2019). Financial Innovation: The Missing-Link Between Financial Development and Economic Growth, 3rd World Conference on Technology, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, İstanbul, Turkey, 1-10.
  • NARAYAN, P.K. (2005). The Saving and Investment Nexus for China: Evidence from Cointegration Tests, Applied Economics, 37(17): 1979-1990.
  • NARAYAN, P.K. ve Smyth, R. (2006). What Determines Migration Flows from Lowincome To High-Income Countries? An Empirical İnvestigation of Fiji-US Migration 1972–2001, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2): 332– 342.
  • NAVARETTI, Giorgio Barba, Calzolari, Giacomo ve Pozzolo, Alberto Franco (2017). FinTech and Banks: Friends or Foes?, European Economy – Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 9-30.
  • NG, S. ve Perron, P. (2001). Lag Length Selection and The Construction of Unit Root Tests with Good Size and Power, Econometrica, 69(6): 1519-1554.
  • OECD (2020). Digital Disruption in Banking and its Impact on Competition http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/digital-disruption-in-financial-markets.htm. (Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2020).
  • OMARINI, Anna Eugenia (2018). Fintech and the Future of the Payment Landscape: The Mobile Wallet Ecosystem – A Challenge for Retail Banks?, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, 9 (4): 97-116.
  • OZILI, Peterson K. (2018). Impact of Digital Finance On Financial Inclusion and Stability, Borsa İstanbul Review, 18 (4): 329-340.
  • OZURUMBA, Cynthia O. ve Charles, Onyeiwu (2019). The Impact of Financial Innovation on Economic Growth in Nigeria, International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, VII (8), United Kingdom ISSN 2348 0386.
  • PARKER, T. ve Parker, M. (2008). Electronic Banking in Finland and The Effect on Money, Velocity. Journal of Money, Investment and Banking, 4: 20-25.
  • PESARAN, M.H., Shin, Y., ve Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16: 289 – 326.
  • PWC (2016). Fintech: Redefining Banking for Customers, Decade Edition of CII Banking TECH Summit 2016, (Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2020).
  • QAMRUZZAMAN, Md. ve Jianguo, Wei (2017). Financial Innovation and Economic Growth in Bangladesh, Financial Innovation, 3, (1): 1-24.
  • RAFAY, A. (2019). FinTech as a Disruptive Technology for Financial Institutions. PA: IGI Publishing, USA. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7805-5.
  • RAVIKUMAR, T. Suresha, B., Sriram, M. ve Rajesh, R. (2019). Impact of Digital Payments on Economic Growth: Evidence from India, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, 8 (12): 553-557.
  • SAEED, Muhammad Yasir, Ramzan, Muhammad ve Hamid, Kahif (2018). Dynamics of Banking Performance Indicators and Economic Growth: long-Run Financial Development Nexus in Pakistan, European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 7 (3), Special Issue on Contemporary Research in Social Sciences, ISSN 1805-3602, 141-163.
  • SCHINDLER, John (2017). FinTech and Financial Innovation: Drivers and Depth, Financeand Economics Discussion Series 2017-081. Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, https://doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2017.081.
  • SINGH, Ardhendu Shekhar, Venkataramani, Bhama ve Ambarkhane, Dilip (2014). Role of Mobile Banking in Financial Inclusion, SSRN Electronic Journal · January 2014.
  • SCHUMPETER, J.A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development, Cambridge, Ma, Us: Harvard University Press.
  • TBB, https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr/bankacilik/banka-ve-sektor-bilgileri/istatistiki-raporlar/59. (Erişim Tarihi: 06.04.2020).
  • TERZİ H. ve Akbulut Bekar, S. (2019). Türkiye’de Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Turizm ve Dışa Açıklık Arasındaki İlişki: 1974-2014 Dönemi., Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 20 (1): 15-30.
  • TUNÇ, Burcu (2019). Fintech Market in Turkey: Statistical Implications, https://www.bis.org/ifc/events/ifc_bnm/3_tunc.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 15.04.2020).
  • TÜİK, http://www.tuik.gov.tr, (Erişim Tarihi: 06.04.2020).
  • VIVES, X. (2017). The Impact of FinTech on Banking. European Economy – Banks, Regulation, and the Real Sector, (2): 97-106.
  • WEF (2016). Digital Transformation of Industries Demystifying Digital and Securing $100 Trillion for Society and Industry by 2025. http://reports.weforum.org/digital-transformation/wp-content/blogs.dir/94/mp/files/pages/files/wef-digital-transformation-2016-exec-summary.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 17.04.2020).
  • YAMAK, R. ve Erdem, H.F. (2017). Uygulamalı Zaman Serisi Analizi. Celepler Matbaa Yayın ve Dağıtım, I. Baskı, Trabzon.
  • ZANDI, Mark, Koropeckyj, Sophia, Singh, Virendra ve Matsiras, Paul (2016). The Impact of Electronic Payments on Economic Growth, Moody’s Analytics, www.moodysanalytics.com. (Erişim Tarihi: 04.04.2020).
There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Economics
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Esra Bulut This is me 0000-0002-3273-3781

Gülay Çizgici Akyüz This is me 0000-0002-7594-1994

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Submission Date September 3, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Bulut, E., & Çizgici Akyüz, G. (2020). TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 42(2), 223-246. https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.854325
AMA Bulut E, Çizgici Akyüz G. TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. December 2020;42(2):223-246. doi:10.14780/muiibd.854325
Chicago Bulut, Esra, and Gülay Çizgici Akyüz. “TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ”. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi 42, no. 2 (December 2020): 223-46. https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.854325.
EndNote Bulut E, Çizgici Akyüz G (December 1, 2020) TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi 42 2 223–246.
IEEE E. Bulut and G. Çizgici Akyüz, “TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ”, Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 223–246, 2020, doi: 10.14780/muiibd.854325.
ISNAD Bulut, Esra - Çizgici Akyüz, Gülay. “TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ”. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi 42/2 (December 2020), 223-246. https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.854325.
JAMA Bulut E, Çizgici Akyüz G. TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;42:223–246.
MLA Bulut, Esra and Gülay Çizgici Akyüz. “TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ”. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 42, no. 2, 2020, pp. 223-46, doi:10.14780/muiibd.854325.
Vancouver Bulut E, Çizgici Akyüz G. TÜRKİYE’DE DİJİTAL BANKACILIK VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;42(2):223-46.

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