Phylogenetic Relationships of Turbot Species (Scophthalmidae) Inferred from the Mitochondrial COIII Gene and Morphological Characters

Year 2019, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 28 - 41, 31.01.2019

Cemal Turan Petya Ivanova Mevlüt Gürlek Deniz Yağlioğlu Deniz Ergüden Serpil Karan Servet A. Doğdu Ali Uyan Bayram Öztürk Venelin Nikolov Violin Raykov İvan Dobrovolov Antonia Khanaychenko

https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.522593

Cited By: 4

Abstract

In this study, the validity, distribution and structure of three turbot species, Scophthalmus
maeoticus, S. maximus, S. rhombus, belong to Scophthalmidae family in Turkish, Bulgarian and
Russian coastal waters were determined with mtDNA sequencing of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit
III (COIII). The sequencing of the COIII region revealed 8 bp variable and 6 bp parsimony
informative sites between all turbot species. The overall genetic and haplotype diversities among
all turbot species were found to be 0.004109 and 0.7655, respectively. Genetic distance analysis
showed that the highest nucleotide differences was observed between S. maximus and S. rhombus
species with a value of 0.09620 and, the lowest value (0.02482) was observed between S. maximus
and S. maeoticus species. Neighbor Joining and Maximum Parsimony phylogenetic approaches
resulted in the similar tree topologies that S. maximus and S. maeoticus were found as sister group,
whereas S. rhombus was more divergent from this group. The mtDNA COIII gene is a useful
genetic marker for species specific identification of the genus Scophthalmus due to its inter-specific
heterogeneity producing a species-specific pattern. In morphological analyses, S. rhombus was
most differentiated from S. maximus and S. maeoticus. The genetic data was supported by the
detected morphometric variations among the turbot species.

Keywords

Turbot, phylogeny, mtDNA sequencing, morphology, the Black Sea, the Marmara Sea.

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