Research Article
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Effect of Energy Drinks on Surface Roughness and Weight Loss of Custom-Made Mouthguard Material

Year 2024, , 79 - 87, 15.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.51122/neudentj.2024.118

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the effect of different drinks on the surface roughness and weight loss of custom-made mouthguard material prepared in two different thicknesses.
Materials and Methods: The custom-made mouthguard material Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) (4.0x125 mm) was used in the current research. 102 rectangular prism specimens (8 × 8 mm) from two different thickness (3 and 4 mm) were prepared. They were randomly divided into four different groups (n=13), numbered, and initial weight and roughness measurements were recorded. All specimens were then stored in 4 different drinks, including 2 different energy drinks, an isotonic sports drink, and water. At the end of the 7-day and 28-day periods, weight and roughness measurements of the specimens were again performed and recorded. The data were analyzed the repeated measures ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and the paired sample t tests (α=.05).
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the weight × beverage and roughness × beverage interactions (p>0.05) both weight and roughness changes of specimens at 0, 7, and 28 days.
Conclusion: Energy drinks and sports drinks have no effect on the surface liquid and weight of the specially produced oral material.

References

  • Knapik JJ, Hoedebecke BL, Rogers GG, et al. Effectiveness of Mouthguards for the Prevention of Orofacial Injuries and Concussions in Sports: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2019;49:1217-32
  • Fernandes LM, Neto JCL, Lima TFR, et al. The use of mouthguards and prevalence of dento-alveolar trauma among athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:54-72.
  • Bergman L, Milardović Ortolan S, Žarković D, et al. Prevalence of dental trauma and use of mouthguards in professional handball players. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:199-204.
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Effect on thickness of a single-layer mouthguard of positional relationship between suction port of the vacuum forming device and the model. Dent Traumatol. 2021;37:502-9
  • Gage, C. C., Huxel Bliven, K. C., Bay, R. C. Effects of mouthguards on vertical dimension, muscle activation, and athlete preference: a prospective cross-sectional study. Gen Dent, 2015;63, 48-55
  • Verissimo C, Costa PVM, Santos-Filho PCF, et al. Custom-Fitted EVA Mouthguards: what is the ideal thickness? a dynamic finite element impact study. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:95-102
  • Takahashi M, Araie Y, Satoh Y, et al. Shape change in mouthguard sheets during thermoforming - part 2: effect of the anteroposterior position of the model on mouthguard thickness. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:114-20
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Thermoforming method to effectively maintain mouthguard thickness: Effect of moving the model position just before vacuum formation. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:121-7.
  • AFFAIRS, A. C. O. S. Using mouthguards to reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries. J Am Dent Assoc, 2006;137:1712-20
  • Gawlak D, Mierzwińska-Nastalska E, Mańka-Malara K, et al. Assessment of custom and standard, self-adapted mouthguards in terms of comfort and users subjective impressions of their protective function. Dent Traumatol. 2015;31:113-7
  • Gould TE, Piland SG, Caswell S V., et al. National Athletic Trainers’ Association Position Statement: Preventing and Managing Sport-Related Dental and Oral Injuries. J Athl Train. 2016;51:821-39.
  • Tripodi D, Martinelli D, Ciaravino C, et al. The use of casein in sport mouthguards: microbiological and ecological variations in oral cavity. JBRHA, 2018;32, 045-49.
  • Parker K, Marlow B, Patel N et al. A review of mouthguards: effectiveness, types, characteristics and indications for use. Br Dent J. 2017;222:629-33.
  • D’Ercole S, Martinelli D, Tripodi D. Influence of sport mouthguards on the ecological factors of the children oral cavity. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14.
  • Larson N, DeWolfe J, Story M et al. Adolescent Consumption of Sports and Energy Drinks: Linkages to Higher Physical Activity, Unhealthy Beverage Patterns, Cigarette Smoking, and Screen Media Use. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2014;46:181-7.
  • Aljaloud SO. Knowledge and behavior of Saudi University athletes toward energy and sport drinks with emphasis on microbial quality and safety. Progress in Nutrition. 2019;21:170-9.
  • Erdemir U, Yıldız E, Eren MM, et al. Surface hardness of different restorative materials after long-term immersion in sports and energy drinks. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(5):729-36.
  • Bryant S, McLaughlin K, Morgaine K, et al. Elite athletes and oral health. Int J Sports Med. 2011;32(9):720-4.
  • Lun V, Erdman KA, Fung TS, et al. Dietary Supplementation Practices in Canadian High-Performance Athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2012;22:31-7.
  • Cochrane NJ, Yuan Y, Walker GD, et al. Erosive potential of sports beverages. Aust Dent J. 2012;57:359-64.
  • Owens BM, Mallette JD, & Phebus JG. Effects of carbonated cola beverages, sports and energy drinks and orange juice on primary and permanent enamel dissolution. Austin J Dent, 2014;1:1004.
  • Temple JL, Ziegler AM, Epstein LH. Influence of Price and Labeling on Energy Drink Purchasing in an Experimental Convenience Store. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2016;48:54-9.
  • Zaman I, Rozlan SAM, Manshoor B et al. Study of Mouthguard Design for Endurance and Air-Flow Intake. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2017;226:012007.
  • Bochnig MS, Oh MJ, Nagel T, et al. Comparison of the shock absorption capacities of different mouthguards. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:205-13.
  • Fukasawa S, Churei H, Chowdhury RU, et al. Difference among shock-absorbing capabilities of mouthguard materials. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:474-9.
  • Tuna, E. B., & Ozel, E. Factors affecting sports-related orofacial injuries and the importance of mouthguards. Sports medicine, 2014;44:777-83.
  • Kawai K, Urano M, Ebisu S. Effect of surface roughness of porcelain on adhesion of bacteria and their synthesizing glucans. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;83:664-7.
  • Haddad e Borro, L., de Queiroz, T. S., da Cruz, B. S., Demachkia, A. M., Borges, A. L. S., Tribst, J. P. M., & Paes Junior, T. J. D. A. Enhancing mouthguard longevity: Impact of surface treatment against aging from brushing and disinfectant exposure. Dent Traumatol. 2024
  • Almeida MH, Ceschim GV, Iorio NLPP, et al. Influence of thickness, color, and polishing process of ethylene-vinyl-acetate sheets on surface roughness and microorganism adhesion. Dent Traumatol. 2018;34:51-7.
  • Ribeiro YJS, Delgado RZR, Paula-Silva FWG, et al. Sports mouthguards: Contamination, roughness, and chlorhexidine for disinfection - A randomized clinical trial. Braz Dent J. 2022;32:66-73.
  • Garcia RCMR, Júnior JAS, Rached RN, Del Bel Cury AA. Effectof denture cleansers on the surface roughness and hardness ofa microwave- cured acrylic resin and dental alloys. J ProsthodontImplant Esthetic Reconstruct Dentistry. 2004;13:173-8
  • Machado, A. L., Breeding, L. C., Vergani, C. E., & da Cruz Perez, L. E. Hardness and surface roughness of reline and denture base acrylic resins after repeated disinfection procedures. J. Prosthet. Dent., 2009;102:115-122.
  • Yazkan B. Surface degradation evaluation of different self‐adhesive restorative materials after prolonged energy drinks exposure. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020;32:707-14.
  • Tanthanuch S, Kukiattrakoon B, Thongsroi T, et al. In vitro surface and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials after sport and energy drink cyclic immersions. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22:578.

Enerji İçeceklerinin Kişiye Özel Üretilen Mouthguard Materyalinin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü ve Ağırlık Kaybı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2024, , 79 - 87, 15.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.51122/neudentj.2024.118

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, iki farklı kalınlıkta hazırlanan kişiye özel mouthguard malzemesinin yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve ağırlık kaybı üzerine farklı içeceklerin etkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada özel yapım ağızlık malzemesi Etilen vinil asetat (EVA) (4,0x125 mm) kullanılmıştır. İki farklı kalınlıkta (3 ve 4 mm) 102 dikdörtgen prizma numunesi (8 × 8 mm) hazırlanmıştır. Numuneler daha sonra rastgele dört gruba ayrılmış (n=13), numaralandırılmış ve ilk ağırlık ve pürüzlülük ölçümleri kaydedilmiştir. Tüm numuneler daha sonra 2 farklı enerji içeceği, bir izotonik spor içeceği ve su olmak üzere 4 farklı içecekte saklanmıştır. 7 günlük ve 28 günlük sürelerin sonunda numunelerin ağırlık ve pürüzlülük ölçümleri tekrar yapılmış ve kaydedilmiştir. Veriler tekrarlanan ölçümler ANOVA, tek yönlü ANOVA ve eşleştirilmiş örneklem t testleri ile analiz edilmiştir (α=,05).
Bulgular: Ağırlık × içecek ve pürüzlülük × içecek etkileşimlerinde (p>0,05) 0, 7 ve 28. günlerde numunelerin hem ağırlık hem de pürüzlülük değişimlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır.
Sonuç: Enerji içecekleri ve spor içeceklerinin özel olarak üretilen ağız materyalinin yüzey sıvısı ve ağırlığı üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi yoktur.

References

  • Knapik JJ, Hoedebecke BL, Rogers GG, et al. Effectiveness of Mouthguards for the Prevention of Orofacial Injuries and Concussions in Sports: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2019;49:1217-32
  • Fernandes LM, Neto JCL, Lima TFR, et al. The use of mouthguards and prevalence of dento-alveolar trauma among athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:54-72.
  • Bergman L, Milardović Ortolan S, Žarković D, et al. Prevalence of dental trauma and use of mouthguards in professional handball players. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:199-204.
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Effect on thickness of a single-layer mouthguard of positional relationship between suction port of the vacuum forming device and the model. Dent Traumatol. 2021;37:502-9
  • Gage, C. C., Huxel Bliven, K. C., Bay, R. C. Effects of mouthguards on vertical dimension, muscle activation, and athlete preference: a prospective cross-sectional study. Gen Dent, 2015;63, 48-55
  • Verissimo C, Costa PVM, Santos-Filho PCF, et al. Custom-Fitted EVA Mouthguards: what is the ideal thickness? a dynamic finite element impact study. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:95-102
  • Takahashi M, Araie Y, Satoh Y, et al. Shape change in mouthguard sheets during thermoforming - part 2: effect of the anteroposterior position of the model on mouthguard thickness. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:114-20
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Thermoforming method to effectively maintain mouthguard thickness: Effect of moving the model position just before vacuum formation. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:121-7.
  • AFFAIRS, A. C. O. S. Using mouthguards to reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries. J Am Dent Assoc, 2006;137:1712-20
  • Gawlak D, Mierzwińska-Nastalska E, Mańka-Malara K, et al. Assessment of custom and standard, self-adapted mouthguards in terms of comfort and users subjective impressions of their protective function. Dent Traumatol. 2015;31:113-7
  • Gould TE, Piland SG, Caswell S V., et al. National Athletic Trainers’ Association Position Statement: Preventing and Managing Sport-Related Dental and Oral Injuries. J Athl Train. 2016;51:821-39.
  • Tripodi D, Martinelli D, Ciaravino C, et al. The use of casein in sport mouthguards: microbiological and ecological variations in oral cavity. JBRHA, 2018;32, 045-49.
  • Parker K, Marlow B, Patel N et al. A review of mouthguards: effectiveness, types, characteristics and indications for use. Br Dent J. 2017;222:629-33.
  • D’Ercole S, Martinelli D, Tripodi D. Influence of sport mouthguards on the ecological factors of the children oral cavity. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14.
  • Larson N, DeWolfe J, Story M et al. Adolescent Consumption of Sports and Energy Drinks: Linkages to Higher Physical Activity, Unhealthy Beverage Patterns, Cigarette Smoking, and Screen Media Use. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2014;46:181-7.
  • Aljaloud SO. Knowledge and behavior of Saudi University athletes toward energy and sport drinks with emphasis on microbial quality and safety. Progress in Nutrition. 2019;21:170-9.
  • Erdemir U, Yıldız E, Eren MM, et al. Surface hardness of different restorative materials after long-term immersion in sports and energy drinks. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(5):729-36.
  • Bryant S, McLaughlin K, Morgaine K, et al. Elite athletes and oral health. Int J Sports Med. 2011;32(9):720-4.
  • Lun V, Erdman KA, Fung TS, et al. Dietary Supplementation Practices in Canadian High-Performance Athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2012;22:31-7.
  • Cochrane NJ, Yuan Y, Walker GD, et al. Erosive potential of sports beverages. Aust Dent J. 2012;57:359-64.
  • Owens BM, Mallette JD, & Phebus JG. Effects of carbonated cola beverages, sports and energy drinks and orange juice on primary and permanent enamel dissolution. Austin J Dent, 2014;1:1004.
  • Temple JL, Ziegler AM, Epstein LH. Influence of Price and Labeling on Energy Drink Purchasing in an Experimental Convenience Store. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2016;48:54-9.
  • Zaman I, Rozlan SAM, Manshoor B et al. Study of Mouthguard Design for Endurance and Air-Flow Intake. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2017;226:012007.
  • Bochnig MS, Oh MJ, Nagel T, et al. Comparison of the shock absorption capacities of different mouthguards. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:205-13.
  • Fukasawa S, Churei H, Chowdhury RU, et al. Difference among shock-absorbing capabilities of mouthguard materials. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:474-9.
  • Tuna, E. B., & Ozel, E. Factors affecting sports-related orofacial injuries and the importance of mouthguards. Sports medicine, 2014;44:777-83.
  • Kawai K, Urano M, Ebisu S. Effect of surface roughness of porcelain on adhesion of bacteria and their synthesizing glucans. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;83:664-7.
  • Haddad e Borro, L., de Queiroz, T. S., da Cruz, B. S., Demachkia, A. M., Borges, A. L. S., Tribst, J. P. M., & Paes Junior, T. J. D. A. Enhancing mouthguard longevity: Impact of surface treatment against aging from brushing and disinfectant exposure. Dent Traumatol. 2024
  • Almeida MH, Ceschim GV, Iorio NLPP, et al. Influence of thickness, color, and polishing process of ethylene-vinyl-acetate sheets on surface roughness and microorganism adhesion. Dent Traumatol. 2018;34:51-7.
  • Ribeiro YJS, Delgado RZR, Paula-Silva FWG, et al. Sports mouthguards: Contamination, roughness, and chlorhexidine for disinfection - A randomized clinical trial. Braz Dent J. 2022;32:66-73.
  • Garcia RCMR, Júnior JAS, Rached RN, Del Bel Cury AA. Effectof denture cleansers on the surface roughness and hardness ofa microwave- cured acrylic resin and dental alloys. J ProsthodontImplant Esthetic Reconstruct Dentistry. 2004;13:173-8
  • Machado, A. L., Breeding, L. C., Vergani, C. E., & da Cruz Perez, L. E. Hardness and surface roughness of reline and denture base acrylic resins after repeated disinfection procedures. J. Prosthet. Dent., 2009;102:115-122.
  • Yazkan B. Surface degradation evaluation of different self‐adhesive restorative materials after prolonged energy drinks exposure. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020;32:707-14.
  • Tanthanuch S, Kukiattrakoon B, Thongsroi T, et al. In vitro surface and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials after sport and energy drink cyclic immersions. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22:578.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Special Needs Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Dentistry (Other)
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Tuba Şenocak 0000-0002-9198-8469

Alper Özdoğan 0000-0003-0649-3056

Tuğçe Kavaz 0000-0002-0526-3120

Publication Date October 15, 2024
Submission Date June 20, 2024
Acceptance Date September 23, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

Vancouver Şenocak T, Özdoğan A, Kavaz T. Effect of Energy Drinks on Surface Roughness and Weight Loss of Custom-Made Mouthguard Material. NEU Dent J. 2024(3):79-87.