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Evaluation of Dental Practitioners' Understanding and Approach Towards Oral Mucosal Diseases in Türkiye

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 193 - 202, 29.08.2025

Abstract

Aim: Oral mucosal disease (OMD) includes immune-mediated disorders such as oral lichen planus (OLP), erythema multiforme (EM), pemphigus vulgaris (PV), chronic ulcerative stomatitis (CUS), and others. These conditions often affect the oral mucosa and may even begin with oral involvement. Therefore, oral health professionals must be familiar with these disorders' clinical features and understand their crucial role in management. This study aims to assess dental practitioners' awareness, knowledge, and attitude regarding OMD in Turkey.

Material and Methods: A total of 203 dentists, aged between 23-72, participated in the survey, which utilized a structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. Data analysis was performed using PASW Statistics 20, and chi-square tests were used for intergroup comparisons.
Results: The results showed that 30% of participants were periodontists (P), 39% specialized in other dental fields (S), and 31% were general dentists (GD). Periodontists reported the highest frequency of encountering OMD at 93%, followed by GD group at 78% and S group at 68%. OLP was the most common lesion, followed by CUS. The GD group performed significantly worse on the knowledge assessment, particularly in questions related to diagnosis and treatment, including the use of autoantibodies for diagnosis (p = 0.019).
Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of clinicians' familiarity with mucocutaneous manifestations of OMD for early diagnosis, optimal management, and improved patient quality of life. Addressing the identified deficiencies in OMD diagnosis among dentists is crucial, as it can enhance patient compliance, expedite diagnoses, and mitigate concerns regarding malignant transformations.

References

  • Mustafa MB, Porter SR, Smoller BR, Sitaru C. Oral mucosal manifestations of autoimmune skin diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14:930-51.
  • Leuci S, Ruoppo E, Adamo D, Calabria E, Mignogna MD. Oral autoimmune vesicobullous diseases: Classification, clinical presentations, molecular mechanisms, diagnostic algorithms, and management. Periodontol 2000. 2019;80:77-88.
  • Lo Russo L, Fedele S, Guiglia R, Ciavarella D, et al. Diagnostic pathways and clinical significance of desquamative gingivitis. J Periodontol. 2008;79:4-24.
  • Mays JW, Sarmadi M, Moutsopoulos NM. Oral manifestations of systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: diagnosis and clinical management. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2012;12:265-82.
  • Baum S, Sakka N, Artsi O, Trau H, Barzilai A. Diagnosis and classification of autoimmune blistering diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13:482-9.
  • Ergun S, Ozel S, Koray M, Kürklü E, et al. Dentists' knowledge and opinions about oral mucosal lesions. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;38:1283-8.
  • Anandani C, Metgud R, Ramesh G, Singh K. Awareness of general dental practitioners about oral screening and biopsy procedures in Udaipur, India. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2015;13:523-30
  • Ismen T. Diş hekimliği eğitimi ve insan gücü. Dişhekimliği Dekanları Konseyi toplantısı; 2023 [cited 2024 Jul 18]. Available from: https://www.tdb.org.tr/userfiles/files/Dekanlar_Konseyi_Toplantisi_11_07_2023_(T_Ismen_Konusma).pdf
  • Greenwood M, Lowry RJ. Primary care clinicians’ knowledge of oral cancer: a study of dentists and doctors in the North East of England. Br Dent J. 2001;10:191:510-2.
  • Kujan O, Duxbury AJ, Glenny AM, Thakker NS, Sloan P. Opinions and attitudes of the UK's GDPs and specialists in oral surgery, oral medicine and surgical dentistry on oral cancer screening. Oral Dis. 2006;12:194-9.
  • Reichart PA, Kirchheim A, Lochte KH. Tobacco and oral health. Questionnaire about knowledge, practices, and opinions among dentists in Berlin. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir. 2000; 4:45-9.
  • Scully C, Malamos D, Levers BG, Porter SR, Prime SS. Sources and patterns of referrals of oral cancer: role of general practitioners. Br Med J. 1986;293:599-601.
  • Yellowitz JA, Goodman HS. Assessing physicians’ and dentists’ oral cancer knowledge, opinions and practices. J Am Dent Assoc. 1995;126:53-60.
  • Bardellini E, Amadori F, Flocchini P, Bonadeo S, Majorana A. Clinicopathological features and malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: A 12-years retrospective study. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013;71:834-40
  • Scully C, Carrozzo M. Oral mucosal disease: Lichen planus. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;46:15-21.
  • Schifter M, Yeoh SC, Coleman H, Georgiou A. Oral mucosal diseases: the inflammatory dermatoses. Aust Dent J. 2010;55:23-38.
  • Boorghani M, Gholizadeh N, Taghavi Zenouz A, Vatankhah M, Mehdipour M. Oral lichen planus: clinical features, etiology, treatment and management; a review of literature. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2010;4:3-9.
  • Sardella A, Demarosi F, Lodi G, Canegallo L, et al. Accuracy of referrals to a specialist oral medicine unit by general medical and dental practitioners and the educational implications. J Dent Educ 2007;71:487-91.
  • Devoize L, Durand A, Tubert-Jeannin S, Deschaumes C, et al. Etude de l'activité chirurgicale des praticiens libéraux en Auvergne. Méd Buccale Chir Buccale 2006;12:63-72.
  • Seoane-Romero J-M, Vázquez-Mahía I, Seoane J, Varela-Centelles P, et al. Factors related to late stage diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012;17:e35-40.
  • Roume M, Azogui-Levy S, Lescaille G, Descroix V, Rochefort J. Knowledge and practices of dentists in France regarding oral mucosal diseases: a national survey. J Oral Med Oral Surg. 2019;25:10.
  • Choudhry NK, Fletcher RH, Soumerai SB. Systematic review: the relationship between clinical experience and quality of health care. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:260-73.

Türkiye'de Dı̇ş Hekı̇mlerı̇nı̇n Oral Mukozal Hastalıklar Hakkında Bı̇lgı̇ ve Tutumlarının Değerlendı̇rı̇lmesı̇

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 193 - 202, 29.08.2025

Abstract

Amaç: Oral mukozal hastaliklar (OMH), oral liken planus (OLP), eritema multiforme (EM), pemfigus vulgaris (PV), kronik ülseratif stomatit (KUS) ve diğerleri gibi bir grup immün bozuklukları içerir. Bu durumlar sıklıkla ağız mukozasını etkiler ve hatta ağız tutulumuyla bile başlayabilir. Bu nedenle ağız sağlığı profesyonellerinin bu durumların klinik özelliklerine ve belirtilerine aşina olmaları ve bunların tedavisindeki önemli rollerini anlamaları hastalıkların kontrolü ve tedavisi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'deki diş hekimlerinin OMH’a ilişkin farkındalık, bilgi ve tutumlarını değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Google Formlar aracılığıyla dağıtılan yapılandırılmış bir anketin kullanıldığı ankete yaşları 23-72 arasında değişen, toplam 203 diş hekimi katıldı. Veri analizi, gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar için ki-kare testi kullanılarak PASW İstatistik 20 yazılımı kullanılarak yapıldı.
Bulgular: Sonuçlar katılımcıların %30'unun periodontist (P), %39'unun diğer diş alanlarında uzman (S) ve %31'inin genel diş hekimi (GD) olduğunu gösterdi. Periodontistler %93 ile OMD ile karşılaşmanın en yüksek sıklığını bildirdi, bunu %78 ile GD grubu ve %68 ile S grubu izledi. OLP, en yaygın lezyon olarak belirlendi, KUS ise ikinci en yaygın lezyon olarak belirlendi. GD grubu, özellikle tanı ve tedavi ile ilgili sorularda, tanı için otoantikor kullanımı dahil olmak üzere bilgi değerlendirmesinde önemli ölçüde daha kötü performans gösterdi (p=0,019).
Sonuç: Çalışma; erken tanı, optimal yönetim ve hastanın yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi için diş hekimlerinin OMH'ların klinik bulgu ve belirtileri konusunda bilgi sahibi olmanın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Diş hekimleri arasında OMH tanısında tespit edilen eksikliklerin ele alınması, hasta uyumunu artırabileceği, teşhisleri hızlandırabileceği ve malign dönüşümlerle ilgili endişeleri azaltabileceğinden oldukça önemlidir.

Ethical Statement

23.09.2022 tarihli ve E-65327612-900-98115 sayılı karar numarası ile Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Etik kurulu tarafından etik onayı alınmıştır.

References

  • Mustafa MB, Porter SR, Smoller BR, Sitaru C. Oral mucosal manifestations of autoimmune skin diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14:930-51.
  • Leuci S, Ruoppo E, Adamo D, Calabria E, Mignogna MD. Oral autoimmune vesicobullous diseases: Classification, clinical presentations, molecular mechanisms, diagnostic algorithms, and management. Periodontol 2000. 2019;80:77-88.
  • Lo Russo L, Fedele S, Guiglia R, Ciavarella D, et al. Diagnostic pathways and clinical significance of desquamative gingivitis. J Periodontol. 2008;79:4-24.
  • Mays JW, Sarmadi M, Moutsopoulos NM. Oral manifestations of systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: diagnosis and clinical management. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2012;12:265-82.
  • Baum S, Sakka N, Artsi O, Trau H, Barzilai A. Diagnosis and classification of autoimmune blistering diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13:482-9.
  • Ergun S, Ozel S, Koray M, Kürklü E, et al. Dentists' knowledge and opinions about oral mucosal lesions. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;38:1283-8.
  • Anandani C, Metgud R, Ramesh G, Singh K. Awareness of general dental practitioners about oral screening and biopsy procedures in Udaipur, India. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2015;13:523-30
  • Ismen T. Diş hekimliği eğitimi ve insan gücü. Dişhekimliği Dekanları Konseyi toplantısı; 2023 [cited 2024 Jul 18]. Available from: https://www.tdb.org.tr/userfiles/files/Dekanlar_Konseyi_Toplantisi_11_07_2023_(T_Ismen_Konusma).pdf
  • Greenwood M, Lowry RJ. Primary care clinicians’ knowledge of oral cancer: a study of dentists and doctors in the North East of England. Br Dent J. 2001;10:191:510-2.
  • Kujan O, Duxbury AJ, Glenny AM, Thakker NS, Sloan P. Opinions and attitudes of the UK's GDPs and specialists in oral surgery, oral medicine and surgical dentistry on oral cancer screening. Oral Dis. 2006;12:194-9.
  • Reichart PA, Kirchheim A, Lochte KH. Tobacco and oral health. Questionnaire about knowledge, practices, and opinions among dentists in Berlin. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir. 2000; 4:45-9.
  • Scully C, Malamos D, Levers BG, Porter SR, Prime SS. Sources and patterns of referrals of oral cancer: role of general practitioners. Br Med J. 1986;293:599-601.
  • Yellowitz JA, Goodman HS. Assessing physicians’ and dentists’ oral cancer knowledge, opinions and practices. J Am Dent Assoc. 1995;126:53-60.
  • Bardellini E, Amadori F, Flocchini P, Bonadeo S, Majorana A. Clinicopathological features and malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: A 12-years retrospective study. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013;71:834-40
  • Scully C, Carrozzo M. Oral mucosal disease: Lichen planus. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;46:15-21.
  • Schifter M, Yeoh SC, Coleman H, Georgiou A. Oral mucosal diseases: the inflammatory dermatoses. Aust Dent J. 2010;55:23-38.
  • Boorghani M, Gholizadeh N, Taghavi Zenouz A, Vatankhah M, Mehdipour M. Oral lichen planus: clinical features, etiology, treatment and management; a review of literature. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2010;4:3-9.
  • Sardella A, Demarosi F, Lodi G, Canegallo L, et al. Accuracy of referrals to a specialist oral medicine unit by general medical and dental practitioners and the educational implications. J Dent Educ 2007;71:487-91.
  • Devoize L, Durand A, Tubert-Jeannin S, Deschaumes C, et al. Etude de l'activité chirurgicale des praticiens libéraux en Auvergne. Méd Buccale Chir Buccale 2006;12:63-72.
  • Seoane-Romero J-M, Vázquez-Mahía I, Seoane J, Varela-Centelles P, et al. Factors related to late stage diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012;17:e35-40.
  • Roume M, Azogui-Levy S, Lescaille G, Descroix V, Rochefort J. Knowledge and practices of dentists in France regarding oral mucosal diseases: a national survey. J Oral Med Oral Surg. 2019;25:10.
  • Choudhry NK, Fletcher RH, Soumerai SB. Systematic review: the relationship between clinical experience and quality of health care. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:260-73.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Periodontics, Dentistry (Other)
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Fatma Soysal 0000-0001-6581-6092

Zeliha Güney 0000-0001-6897-0773

Muhittin Abdulkadir Serdar 0000-0002-3014-748X

Publication Date August 29, 2025
Submission Date May 21, 2024
Acceptance Date January 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Soysal F, Güney Z, Serdar MA. Evaluation of Dental Practitioners’ Understanding and Approach Towards Oral Mucosal Diseases in Türkiye. NEU Dent J. 2025;7(2):193-202.