Dental İmplant Tedavi Planlaması için Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografide Saptanan Maksiller Sinüsün Anatomik Varyasyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 143 - 150, 29.08.2025

Bilge Karcı , Kevser Sökmen

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı dental implant planlaması için gerekli olan konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografilerde (KIBT) maksiller sinüsün anatomik yapılarını ve varyasyonlarını değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel prevalans çalışmasında, 200 KIBT görüntüsü incelenmiştir. İncelemeler, maksiller sinüsün anatomik varyasyonlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla iki yazar tarafından bağımsız olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aksiyal görüntülerde değerlendirilen anatomik varyasyonlar arasında alveolar pnömatizasyon, anterior pnömatizasyon, ekzostoz ve hipoplazi yer almaktadır. Ayrıca, sinüs septa ile posterior superior alveolar arterin (PSAA) yerleşimi de değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: İncelenen 400 sinüste en sık görülen anatomik varyasyon maksiller sinüs alveoler pnömatizasyonuydu. 84 sinüste (% 21,0) anterior pnömatizasyon saptandı. Antral septa 175 sinüste (% 43,7) bulundu ve en çok orta bölgede yerleşti. PSAA ise 254 sinüste (% 63,5) en çok intraosseöz olarak tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Maksiller sinüsün anatomik varyasyonları, dental implant planlaması açısından önemli bulgular olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu varyasyonlar, maksilla üzerinde gerçekleştirilen KIBT incelemelerinde sıkça gözlemlenmektedir. Maksiller sinüs anatomisindeki varyasyonların anlaşılması, dental implant tedavisi öncesi planlama süreçlerinin etkinliğini artırmakta ve potansiyel komplikasyonların önlenmesine yardımcı olmaktadır.

Keywords

Dental implant , Maksiller sinüs , Konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi

Analysis of Maxillary Sinus Anatomical Variations in Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Dental Implants Treatment Plan

Abstract

Aim: This study aim was to assess the maxillary sinus anatomical variations and structures using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), particularly for dental implant treatment planning.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional prevalence study, 200 CBCT images were examined. The assessments were conducted independently by two authors to evaluate the anatomical variations of the maxillary sinus. The anatomical variations assessed in the axial images included alveolar pneumatization, anterior pneumatization, exostosis, and hypoplasia. Additionally, the positioning of sinus septa and the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) was also evaluated.
Results: Among the 400 maxillary sinuses analyzed, alveolar pneumatization was the most commonly detected morphological abnormality. Anterior pneumatization was detected in 84 sinuses (% 21.0). Antral septa were found in 175 sinuses (% 43.7) and were mostly located in the middle region. Among 254 sinuses, the PSAA was most frequently detected intraosseously, accounting for 63.5% of cases.
Conclusion: Maxillary sinus anatomical variations are significant findings in the context of dental implant planning. These variations are frequently observed in CBCT examinations conducted on the maxilla. Understanding the anatomical variations of the maxillary sinus enhances the effectiveness of preoperative dental implant planning and aids in the prevention of potential complications.

Keywords

Dental implants , maxillary sinus , cone beam computed tomography

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