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Mimarlıkta Trajedinin Dili

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 48 - 66, 20.10.2020

Abstract

Savaş, felaket, terörist saldırılar, soykırım vb. kabuslar her ölçekte insanların çevresini yeniden tanımlamaktadır. Bu durumun etkileri, sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın üç ayağının fiziksel, sosyal ve ekonomik tutarlılığında belirsizlik yaratır. En yalın zarar, varlığı ölçülemeyen insan hafızasında yaşanmaktadır. Bu noktada geriye tefekkür içeren büyük bir kaygı kalır: Peki yalnızlaşma, kök salma engeli ile etkileşim, enerji ve yaşam kaybına neden olan vakayı unutmalı mıyız? Buna yanıt olarak, mimari, güzel veya çirkin, toplumsal işlevleri / olayları iletmenin medya potansiyellerini binaları bir ‘kod’ olarak kullanarak göstermiştir. Çalışma, bu tür müzelerin mimarları / tasarım ekiplerinin kullanıcılar üzerinde bir etki yaratmak için mimari dildeki korkutucu şartları özetleyip özetlemediğine bakılmaksızın, trajediyi iletmek için bir araç olarak anıt müzelerin hatırlama mimarisini analiz etmeyi amaçlıyor. Üç anma müzesinin eleştirel bir incelemesi olarak, Hiroşima Barış Anıtı Müzesi, Japonya; Apartheid Müzesi, Güney Afrika; Yad Vashem Holokost Tarih Müzesi , İsrail, üç farklı çoğrafyada seçilmiştir. Çalışma, korku katalizörünün seçici değil, insan varoluşuyla birlikte küresel bir fenomen olduğunu kavramlaştırıyor. Dahası, anıt müzeleri, ırk, sınıf ve inançtan yoksun olarak, insan etkileşimi için bir uygulama yeridir ve öğrenme, uzlaşma ve bir arada yaşama için sürdürülebilir diyalog hatları açar. En önemlisi, mimari, insanlar ve onların acı barındıran tarihleri arasındaki sosyal-kültürel ve toplumsal iletişimindeki esas hatları temsil eder. Garip şekillendirilmiş yapı elemanlarının, mekanların renk şeması, aydınlatma ve yüzey dokusunun, açıklıkların ve koridorların geniş aralıklı veya dar aralıklı boyutlarının, müzenin bütün içerisindeki yönünün, kullanılan malzemelerin kombinasyonunun ve müzenin işlevsel bölgelendirme ve mekansal konfigürasyonunun, mimaride bir trajedi duygusu yaratmak için araç olarak kullanıdığı gözlemlenmiştir.

References

  • Amritha, B. & Geijerstam, J. (eds.)(2011). Introduction to Bhopal 2011: Landscapes of Memory, In Bhopal 2011: Landscapes of Memory. New Delhi: Space Matters with Norwegian University of Science and Technology, XII-XVI.
  • Amritha, B., Joshi, M., Wahi, S., Bhattacharya, U. & Sinha, S. (2005). Memorial Complex for the Victims of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy In ...to Construct, Photo Essays. New Delhi: Space Matters.
  • Anonymous. Apartheid Museum. Retrieved from https://www.apartheidmuseum.org Accessed 23/04/2020. Anonymous. Definition of https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/tragedy. Accessed 12/05/2020. Tragedy. Retrieved from
  • Davis, S. & Bowring, J. (2011). Connecting with Tragedy Through Landscapes of Memory: Memorial Design, Tourism, and the Post-Genocide Memoryscapes of Cambodia, Rwanda, and Germany. Memory Connection Journal-The Memory Waka, 1(1), 377-91.
  • Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. Media slide show of Exhibits. Retrieved from hymmuseum.jp. Accessed 23/04/2020.
  • Hyunjung, C. (2012). Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and the Making of Japanese Postwar Architecture. Journal of Architectural Education, 66(1), 72-83.
  • James, J. (2010). Design for preservation and commemoration of historic events: A case for the south African Anglo Boer Wars 1881 & 1899 - 1902. MSc Thesis, School of Architecture,University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.
  • Kushner, M. (2015). The future of architecture in 100 buildings. Simon & Schuster/TED.
  • Liefooghe, M. (2019). Buildings for Bodies of Work: The Artist Museum After the Death and Return doi: http://doi.org/10.5334/ah.296. the
  • Author. Architectural Histories, 7(1), 12,
  • Mashabane Rose Associates (2008). Aparthied Museum. Architects & Urban Designers. Retrieved from mashabanerose.co.za/apartheid-museum. Accessed 07/04/2020.
  • Roth, L. & Clark, A. C. (2014). Understanding Museums. In L. Roth, & A. C. Clark, It's Elements, History and Meaning. London: Westview Press, 521-534.
  • Safdie Architects. (October 31, 2011). Flashback: Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum. ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/179679. Accessed May 13, 2020.
  • Samuels, A. J. (Feb.9, 2017). The world’s 10 most Important Memorial Museums. Culture Trips. Retrieved from https://theculturetrip.com/asia/articles/the-world-s-10-most- important-memorial-museums. Accessed 07/04/2020.
  • Soudien, C. (2008) Emerging Discourses Around Identity in New South African Museum Exhibitions. Interventions, 10 (2), 207-221, doi: 10.1080/13698010802145119.
  • Spacey, J. (2013). Simplicable, User Experience Design in Museums. Examples of User needs, pp.15-18.
  • Tugend, A, (March 23, 2012). Praise is Fleeting, but Brickbats We Recall. The New York Times.
  • Ukabi, E. (2015). Conserving the Architects’ Jewel in the 21st Century. Architecture Research -Scientific Academic Publishing, 5 (1), 10-15.
  • Williams, R. (1962). A Dialogue on Tragedy. New Left Review, 13(22).

Language of Tragedy in Architecture

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 48 - 66, 20.10.2020

Abstract

The nightmares of war, disaster, terrorist attacks, and genocide, etcetera, are daily redefining people's environment at all scales. Its impacts create uncertainty in the coherence of the three pillars physical, social, and economic of sustainable development. The most vulnerable harm is on the intangible endowment of human memory. The big pertinence under contemplation remains: Should we forget about the incidence that causes us to suffer desolation, loss of interaction, habitation, energy, and lives? In response, architecture has shown media potentials of communicating societal functions/events, beautiful or ugly, with buildings as a 'code' within the context. The study intends to analyze museums' architecture of remembrance as a medium for communicating tragedy, whether or not the architects/design teams of such museums encapsulated horrific conditionality's in the architectural language to create an effect on the users. A critical review of three museums of remembrance Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum, Japan; Apartheid Museum, South Africa; Yad Vashem Holocaust History Museum, Israel has been selected as three contexts Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.The study conceptualizes that the catalyst for horror is not selective but a global phenomenon with human existence. Furthermore, the configuration of museums of remembrance is a praxis house for human interaction void of race, class, and belief, which is opening up sustainable lines of dialogue for learning, reconciliation, and coexistence. Most importantly, architecture represents full lines in that social-cultural and community communication between people and their deplorable history. It has been observed that weirdly shaped structural elements, color scheming, lighting and surface texture of the spaces, the size of openings, and hallways either widely spaced or narrowly spaced, the orientation of the Museum in context, the combination of materials used, and the functional zoning and the spatial configuration of the Museum are tools to convey a sense of tragedy in architecture.

References

  • Amritha, B. & Geijerstam, J. (eds.)(2011). Introduction to Bhopal 2011: Landscapes of Memory, In Bhopal 2011: Landscapes of Memory. New Delhi: Space Matters with Norwegian University of Science and Technology, XII-XVI.
  • Amritha, B., Joshi, M., Wahi, S., Bhattacharya, U. & Sinha, S. (2005). Memorial Complex for the Victims of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy In ...to Construct, Photo Essays. New Delhi: Space Matters.
  • Anonymous. Apartheid Museum. Retrieved from https://www.apartheidmuseum.org Accessed 23/04/2020. Anonymous. Definition of https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/tragedy. Accessed 12/05/2020. Tragedy. Retrieved from
  • Davis, S. & Bowring, J. (2011). Connecting with Tragedy Through Landscapes of Memory: Memorial Design, Tourism, and the Post-Genocide Memoryscapes of Cambodia, Rwanda, and Germany. Memory Connection Journal-The Memory Waka, 1(1), 377-91.
  • Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum. Media slide show of Exhibits. Retrieved from hymmuseum.jp. Accessed 23/04/2020.
  • Hyunjung, C. (2012). Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and the Making of Japanese Postwar Architecture. Journal of Architectural Education, 66(1), 72-83.
  • James, J. (2010). Design for preservation and commemoration of historic events: A case for the south African Anglo Boer Wars 1881 & 1899 - 1902. MSc Thesis, School of Architecture,University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.
  • Kushner, M. (2015). The future of architecture in 100 buildings. Simon & Schuster/TED.
  • Liefooghe, M. (2019). Buildings for Bodies of Work: The Artist Museum After the Death and Return doi: http://doi.org/10.5334/ah.296. the
  • Author. Architectural Histories, 7(1), 12,
  • Mashabane Rose Associates (2008). Aparthied Museum. Architects & Urban Designers. Retrieved from mashabanerose.co.za/apartheid-museum. Accessed 07/04/2020.
  • Roth, L. & Clark, A. C. (2014). Understanding Museums. In L. Roth, & A. C. Clark, It's Elements, History and Meaning. London: Westview Press, 521-534.
  • Safdie Architects. (October 31, 2011). Flashback: Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum. ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/179679. Accessed May 13, 2020.
  • Samuels, A. J. (Feb.9, 2017). The world’s 10 most Important Memorial Museums. Culture Trips. Retrieved from https://theculturetrip.com/asia/articles/the-world-s-10-most- important-memorial-museums. Accessed 07/04/2020.
  • Soudien, C. (2008) Emerging Discourses Around Identity in New South African Museum Exhibitions. Interventions, 10 (2), 207-221, doi: 10.1080/13698010802145119.
  • Spacey, J. (2013). Simplicable, User Experience Design in Museums. Examples of User needs, pp.15-18.
  • Tugend, A, (March 23, 2012). Praise is Fleeting, but Brickbats We Recall. The New York Times.
  • Ukabi, E. (2015). Conserving the Architects’ Jewel in the 21st Century. Architecture Research -Scientific Academic Publishing, 5 (1), 10-15.
  • Williams, R. (1962). A Dialogue on Tragedy. New Left Review, 13(22).
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zeynep Onur

Evans Kimani This is me

Ejeng Ukabi This is me

Ugwulebo John This is me

Publication Date October 20, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Onur, Z., Kimani, E., Ukabi, E., John, U. (2020). Language of Tragedy in Architecture. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(2), 48-66.
AMA Onur Z, Kimani E, Ukabi E, John U. Language of Tragedy in Architecture. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. October 2020;2(2):48-66.
Chicago Onur, Zeynep, Evans Kimani, Ejeng Ukabi, and Ugwulebo John. “Language of Tragedy in Architecture”. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 2, no. 2 (October 2020): 48-66.
EndNote Onur Z, Kimani E, Ukabi E, John U (October 1, 2020) Language of Tragedy in Architecture. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 2 2 48–66.
IEEE Z. Onur, E. Kimani, E. Ukabi, and U. John, “Language of Tragedy in Architecture”, YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 48–66, 2020.
ISNAD Onur, Zeynep et al. “Language of Tragedy in Architecture”. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 2/2 (October 2020), 48-66.
JAMA Onur Z, Kimani E, Ukabi E, John U. Language of Tragedy in Architecture. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2020;2:48–66.
MLA Onur, Zeynep et al. “Language of Tragedy in Architecture”. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 2, 2020, pp. 48-66.
Vancouver Onur Z, Kimani E, Ukabi E, John U. Language of Tragedy in Architecture. YDÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2020;2(2):48-66.

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