Effect on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress of the Combined Oral Contraceptives in the Kidney

Year 2024, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 8 - 15, 27.02.2024

Esma Kırımlıoğlu Seval Türk Alexandra Cernomorcenco

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effects of combined oral contraceptive active ingredients,
Drospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol, and Ethinyl Estradiol+Drospirenone, on liver histopathological
changes and endoplasmic reticulum stress levels.
Material and Methods: In the study, 37 Balb/c female mice were used. Mice were randomly divided
into the Control, Sham, Drospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol, and Ethinyl Estradiol+Drospirenone
groups. The experimental groups were administered with gavage to 8-week-old female mice for
35 days. Kidney tissue sections were applied with Hematoxylin&Eosin, Orcein, Mallory’s Azan,
and Periodic Acid-Schiff to detect histopathological changes, and Chop and Grp78 were used to
detect Endoplasm Reticulum Stress.
Results: Significant loss of microvilli and a decrease in glycogen accumulation were observed
in the apical part of some of the proximal tubules of animals in the Drospirenone and Ethinyl
Estradiol+Drospirenone groups. The amount of collagen fiber stained with Mallory’s Azan
increased in the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule of the kidney tissues of the Drospirenone and
Ethinyl Estradiol+Drospirenone applied groups, but no difference was observed in elastic fibers in
all groups. The expression level of Grp78 and Chop proteins in the kidney tubules of female mice
given Drospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol, and Ethinyl Estradiol+Drospirenone was significantly
higher compared to the control group.
Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that the expression of Grp78 and Chop markers detected
in the mouse kidney increased as a result of Drospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol and Ethinyl Estradiol
+ Drospirenone administration, thus causing kidney cell apoptosis by inducing ER-dependent
death pathway activity.

Keywords

Combined oral contraceptive, drospirenone, ethinylestradiol, kidney, Grp78, Chop

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