Evaluation of Human Serum Albumin's Potential Effects on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 130 - 138, 20.10.2025

Ümit Yıldırım , Mehmet Uslu , Mehmet Ezer , İsmet Bilger Erihan , Ali Alper Kahraman , Seyit Ali Bingöl

https://doi.org/10.33719/nju1631647

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine how acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in a rat model is affected by replacing human serum albumin (HSA).
Material and Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six groups: Control, Ischemia, Ischemia-Reperfusion (IR), Placebo, Preoperative Albumin (A1), and Intraoperative Albumin (A2). The renal artery of the kidney was blocked using 3/0 silk sutures to induce ischemia, followed by one hour of reperfusion in certain groups. The A1 group received 20% HSA (2.5 g/kg intraperitoneally) 24 hours before surgery, while the A2 group received the same dose 30 minutes before reperfusion. Samples of kidney and blood tissue were gathered for immunohistochemical, histological, and biochemical assessments. Biochemical parameters included ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Histological assessments measured cortical and medullary damage, while immunohistochemistry evaluated oxidative stress markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD1), glutathione reductase (GSR), and myeloperoxidase (MPO).
Results: Biochemical analyses showed no significant differences in TOS, TAS, OSI, and IMA levels between groups. Histological evaluation revealed that the A2 group had reduced kidney damage, particularly in the medulla, compared to the ischemia and placebo groups. Immunohistochemical findings indicated minor differences in oxidative stress marker expression, though not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Intraoperative HSA replacement has the potential to reduce ischemia-induced renal injury in rats, especially in medullary tissues. These findings suggest that HSA may be a promising therapeutic agent for managing ischemic kidney damage during partial nephrectomy. Further clinical studies are needed to validate its efficacy and safety in human applications.

Keywords

human serum albumin , ischemia-reperfusion injury , oxidative stress , rat model , renal ischemia

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval for the project was obtained from the Kafkas University Animal Research Local Ethics Committee (decision date/number: 01-03-2023/2023-021).

Supporting Institution

This study was funded by the Kafkas University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit.

Project Number

TS-2023-58

Thanks

The authors thank Kafkas University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit.

Evaluation of Human Serum Albumin's Potential Effects on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model

Abstract

Keywords

Human serum albumin , ischemia-reperfusion injury , renal ischemia , oxidative stress , rat model

Project Number

TS-2023-58

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