A design optimization of the mechanical gyroscope flywheel using flexible dynamics simulation

Year 2023, , 935 - 949, 15.07.2023

Mehmet Ali Eroglu , Mehmet Kursat Yalcın , İlyas Kacar

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1241183

Abstract

Mechanical gyroscopes are actuators used for balancing and steering purposes due to their ability to generate torque, fast dynamic responses, high efficiency and control linearity. Analytical methods are available for their mechanical designs. Also optimization can be made thanks to simulations. In this study, the optima of the dimension and rotational speed, which are the basis for the design of a mechanical gyroscope, were determined by using the flexible body dynamic simulation and optimization method. The effects of the main structural parameters on the vibration frequency were also determined. The gyroscope has a flywheel and produces torque owing to its own weight. Classical (Newtonian) mechanics principles were followed. As a result, suitable gyroscope dimension and rotational velocity were determined. Thanks to the response function of the optimization, the relationships between the parameters were also determined. Initially, the disc thickness is 10 mm, the radius is 100 mm, the rotor diameter is 20 mm, and the length is 115 mm, while the optimum rotor length is 30 mm, the rotor radius is 30 mm, the disc radius is 265 mm, the thickness is 12 mm, and the operating speed is 400 rad/s. By using the optima, it has been ensured that the nutation, mass, energy consumption are minimized, the torque is maximized, thus it has a service life of more than one million cycle.

Keywords

Balance, Flexible dynamics, Gyroscope, Design, Optimization

Esnek cisim dinamik simülasyonu kullanarak bir mekanik jiroskop volan tasarımının optimizasyonu

Abstract

Mekanik jiroskoplar tork üretebilme yetenekleri, hızlı dinamik yanıtları, yüksek verimlilikleri ve kontrol doğrusallıkları sebebiyle dengeleme ve yönlendirme amaçlı olarak kullanılan eyleyicilerdendir. Mekanik tasarımları için analitik yöntemler mevcut olup bunun yanı sıra simülasyonlar sayesinde optimizasyon yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, esnek cisim dinamik simülasyonu ve optimizasyon yöntemi kullanılarak, bir mekanik jiroskopun tasarımına esas olan boyutların ve dönme hızının optimum değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Ana yapısal parametrelerin, titreşim frekansı üzerindeki etkileri de tespit edilmiştir. Jiroskop, bir volana sahip olup kendi ağırlığı sayesinde tork üretmektedir. Klasik (Newtonian) mekanik prensipleri takip edilmiştir. Neticede uygun jiroskop boyutları ve dönme hızı belirlenmiştir. Optimizasyonun verdiği cevap fonksiyonu sayesinde ayrıca parametreler arasındaki ilişkiler de tespit edilmiştir. Başlangıçta disk kalınlığı 10 mm, yarıçapı 100 mm, rotor çapı 20 mm, uzunluğu 115 mm iken optimum rotor uzunluğu 30mm, rotor yarıçapı 30 mm olup disk yarıçapın 265 mm, kalınlığı 12 mm ve işletme hızı 400 rad/s olmaktadır. Optimum değerler sayesinde nütasyonun, kütlenin, enerji sarfiyatının en az olması, torkun en fazla olması böylece bir milyon çevrim sayısının üzerinde ömre sahip olması temin edilmiştir.

Keywords

Denge, Esnek dinamik, Jiroskop, Tasarım, Optimizasyon

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