Maden galerilerinde farklı kaya kütle sınıflama sistemleri ile durabilite analizi uygulaması: Yahyalı/Kayseri Pb-Zn ocağı örneği

Year 2024, , 236 - 247, 15.01.2024

Ahmet Teymen

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1376707

Abstract

Bu çalışma Yahyalı/Kayseri bölgesinde kurulu bulunan bir yer altı Kurşun-Çinko (Pb-Zn) ocağının ana nakliyat galerisinde gerçekleştirilen Kaya Kütlesi Karakterizasyonu ile ilgili saha ve laboratuvar çalışmalarını kapsamaktadır. Kaya malzemesi ve kaya kütlesi üzerinde yapılan detaylı çalışmalarla Kaya Kütle Puanlaması (RMR), Kaya Kütle Kalitesi (Q) ve Jeolojik Dayanım İndeksi (GSI) sistemleri ilgili tüm parametreler hesaplanarak duraylılık analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar kireçtaşı formasyonu içerisinde açılan ana galerinin mevcut kesiti dikkate alındığında gerek duyulan bölümlerde lokal tahkimat uygulaması yapılması koşuluyla genel olarak tahkimatsız uzun yıllar ayakta kalabileceğini göstermiştir. Ancak madenlerin dinamik yapılar olduğu ve üretimle birlikte sürekli değişim geçirdikleri unutulmamalıdır. Kaya kütle koşulları, denetimsiz patlatma gibi mühendislik hataları ile değişebilecektir. Kullanılan kaya kütle sınıflama sistemleri ile her ne kadar bu sonuca varılmış olsa da, ani kaya kütle kalitesi değişimlerinin olabileceği lokasyonlarda (özellikle cevher zonları, fay zonu, erime boşluğu) ve tehlike arz eden yerlerde tahkimat uygulamasına mutlaka devam edilmelidir ve sürekli olarak denetlenmelidir.

Keywords

Kaya kütle sınıflaması, RQD, RMR, Q, GSI

Application of durability analysis with different rock mass classification systems in mine galleries: A case study of Yahyalı/Kayseri Pb-Zn quarry

Abstract

This study covers field and laboratory studies on Rock Mass Characterization carried out in the main gallery of an underground Lead-Zinc (Pb-Zn) quarry located in the Yahyalı/Kayseri region. With detailed studies on rock material and rock mass, stability analysis was carried out by calculating all relevant parameters of Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Rock Mass Quality (Q) and, Geological Strength Index (GSI) systems. The results have shown that, considering the existing section of the main gallery opened within the limestone formation, it can generally survive for many years without support, provided that local support is applied in the necessary sections. However, it should not be forgotten that mines are dynamic structures and constantly change with operation. Rock mass conditions may change with engineering errors such as uncontrolled blasting. Although this conclusion has been reached with the rock mass classification systems used, the application of support must be continued and constantly inspected in locations where sudden rock mass quality changes may occur (especially ore zones, fault zones, melting gaps) and in places that pose danger.

Keywords

Rock mass classification, RQD, RMR, Q, GSI

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