Investigation of design and effects of a morphing winglet by applying a shape-memory alloy material on a passenger aircraft

Year 2024, , 419 - 428, 15.04.2024

Ahmet Kaplan , Sedat Nezih Karaal Rafet Bodur Hasan Bora Görkem Şakacı Furkan Datlı Fahrettin Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1396487

Abstract

Continuous research and development have focused on optimizing wing aerodynamics and reducing fuel consumption in air vehicles since their inception. Winglets, fixed curved structures at wingtips, gained significant attention during the oil crisis for their fuel-saving potential in the aviation industry. This study focuses on designing a morphing winglet using a shape memory alloy (SMA) for improved aerodynamic efficiency and fuel economy under various conditions. The XFLR5 software analyzes the wing's lift and drag ratios at different aircraft stages (take-off, cruise, landing) for different cant angles. Results indicate that a moving winglet enhances the lift/drag ratio and reduces induced drag. Cant angle and angle of attack (AOA) variations play key roles in increasing this ratio. Optimal values for different aircraft stages are determined and discussed alongside existing mechanisms for moving winglets. Experimental data validation from previous studies in the literature concludes the research.

Keywords

Morphing winglet, Variable cant angle, Shape memory alloy, morphing winglet mechanism

Bir yolcu uçağına şekil hafızalı alaşım malzemesi uygulanarak dönüşen kanatçık tasarımının ve etkilerinin araştırılması

Abstract

Sürekli araştırma ve geliştirme, başlangıcından bu yana hava araçlarında kanat aerodinamiğini optimize etmeye ve yakıt tüketimini azaltmaya odaklanmıştır. Kanat uçlarındaki sabit kavisli yapılar olan kanatçıklar, havacılık endüstrisindeki yakıt tasarrufu potansiyeli nedeniyle petrol krizi sırasında büyük ilgi görmüştür. Bu çalışma, çeşitli koşullar altında gelişmiş aerodinamik verimlilik ve yakıt ekonomisi için şekil hafızalı alaşım (SMA) kullanan bir geçiş kanatçığı tasarlamaya odaklanmaktadır. XFLR5 yazılımı, farklı eğim açıları için farklı uçak aşamalarında (kalkış, seyir, iniş) kanadın kaldırma ve sürükleme oranlarını analiz eder. Sonuçlar, hareketli bir kanatçığın kaldırma/sürükleme oranını arttırdığını ve indüklenen sürüklemeyi azalttığını göstermektedir. Cant açısı ve hücum açısı (AOA) varyasyonları bu oranın arttırılmasında anahtar rol oynamaktadır. Kanatçıkların hareket ettirilmesine yönelik mevcut mekanizmaların yanı sıra, farklı uçak aşamaları için en uygun değerler belirlenmekte ve tartışılmaktadır. Literatürdeki önceki çalışmalardan elde edilen deneysel verilerin doğrulanması araştırmayı sonuçlandırmaktadır.

Keywords

Dönüşen kanatçık, Değişken eğim açısı, Şekil hafızalı alaşım, Geçiş kanatçık mekanizması

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