MODELLING OF PILE LOAD TEST IN DIFFERENT SOIL MODELS WITH FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND COMPARISON WITH FIELD TEST RESULTS

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 182 - 192, 28.01.2019

Fatih Çelik

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.516867

Abstract

   In this study, static pile load test was
conducted in the planned site in order to evaluate the results and redesign the
project in a pile foundation application that were designed for 8-storey
residential project constructed in Ceyhan-Adana by TOKI (Provision of Social
Housing in Turkey). The design load of the single pile was corrected according
to the results obtained from the static pile load test. The static pile load
test was modelled in the concept of this study with using 2D-FEM analysis and
two common soil models for a clayey soil under saturated soil condition and
their results were compared with field test results. Plaxis-2D commercial
software package program that is commonly used by geotechnical engineers in all
over the world was used for this study. The selected soil models in order to
propose the pile load test in FEM analysis are Hardening Soil Model and Mohr
Coulomb soil model. When field test results and numerical models’ results are
compared with each other, it was observed that Hardening Soil Model gives more
accurate results than Mohr Coulomb soil model for this study. As a result that
the ability of static pile load test modelling with 2D-FEM analysis were
presented with comparison results in this study.

Keywords

static pile load test, finite element method, hardening soil model, mohr coulomb soil model, pile foundation

STATİK KAZIK YÜKLEME DENEYİNİN FARKLI ZEMİN MODELLERİNDE SONLU ELEMANLAR YÖNTEMİ İLE MODELLENMESİ VE ARAZİ BULGULARIYLA KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Abstract

   Bu çalışmada, TOKİ tarafından Adana’nın
Ceyhan ilçesinde yapılmış 8 katlı (B+Z+6K) konut projesi kapsamında
projelendirilmiş fore kazık zemin iyileştirme uygulamasında, tasarım yükünün
kontrol edilmesi maksadıyla, projenin yapılması planlanmış arazide statik kazık
yükleme deney sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Bu deney sonucunda elde edilmiş
veriler ışığında tekil kazığın tasarım yükü yeniden belirlenmiştir. İki boyutlu
düzlemde sonlu elemanlar yöntemiyle ve yaygın olarak kullanılan iki farklı
zemin modeli kullanılarak, yeraltı su seviyesinin yüzeye yakın olduğu killi bir
zeminde statik kazık yükleme deneyi bu çalışma kapsamında modellenmiş ve
sonuçlar gerçek arazi deney verileriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma
kapsamında, geoteknik mühendisleri tarafından dünyada yaygın olarak kullanılan
Plaxis-2D paket programı kullanılmıştır. Sonlu elemanlarda statik kazık yükleme
deneyini modellemek için kullanılmış zemin modelleri olarak; Pekleşen Zemin
Modeli ve Mohr Coulomb zemin modeli seçilmiştir. Arazi deneyi bulguları ve
sayısal analiz verileri karşılaştırıldığında; Pekleşen zemin modelinin, Mohr
Coulomb zemin modelinden daha doğru sonuçlar verdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç
olarak; sonlu elemanlar yöntemiyle statik kazık yükleme deneyinin
modellenebileceği veriler ışığında sunulmuştur.

Keywords

statik kazık yükleme deneyi, sonlu elemanlar yöntemi, pekleşen zemin modeli, mohr coulomb zemin modeli, kazıklı temeller

References

• [1] KATZENBACH, R., “Combined Pile-Raft Foundations”, International CPRF Guideline, 2012.
• [2] TOĞROL, E., TAN, O., Kazıklı Temeller, (birinci baskı), Birsen Yayınevi, İstanbul, Türkiye, 2002.
• [3] RANDOLPH, M.F., WROTH, C.P., “Analysis of Deformation of Vertically Loaded Piles”, Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 104(12): 1465-1488, 1978.
• [4] POULOS, H.G., DAVIS, E.H., “The Settlement Behaviour of Single Axially-Loaded Incompressible Piles And Piers”, Geotechnique, 18(3): 351-371, 1968.
• [5] FLEMING, W.G.K., WELTMAN, A.J., RANDOLPH, M.F., ELSON, W.K., Piling Engineering, (2nd Ed.), Surrey University Press., Guildford, United Kingdom, 1992.
• [6] BUTTERFIELD, R., BANERJEE, P.K., “The Elastic Analysis of Compressible Piles And Pile Groups”, Geotechnique, 21(1): 43-60, 1971.
• [7] TOMLINSON, M.J., Foundation Design And Construction, (7th Ed.), Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA, 2001.
• [8] RANDOLPH, M.F., Design Methods For Pile Groups and Piled Rafts, S.O.A report, 13 ICSMFE, New Delphi, 5: 61–82, 1994.
• [9] BURLAND, J.B., “Piles As Settlement Reducers”, Proceedings of the 18th Italian Congress on Soil Mechanics, Pavia, Italy, 1995.
• [10] POULOS, H.G., DAVIS, E.H., Pile Foundation Analysis and Design, (4th Ed.), New York Wiley- Series, USA, 1980.
• [11] POULOS, H.G., “An Approximate Numerical Analysis of Pile Raft Interaction”, Int. J. Numer. Anal. Method Geomech., 18:73–92, 1994.
• [12] CLANCY, P., RANDOLPH, M.F., “An Approximate Analysis Procedure For Piled Raft Foundations”, Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech., 17:849–869, 1993.
• [13] HAIN, S.J., LEE, I.K., “The Analysis of Flexible Pile–Raft Systems”, Geotechnique, 28(I):65–83, 1978.
• [14] CHOW, H.S.W., SMALL, J.C., “Behaviour of Piled Rafts With Piles of Different Lengths and Diameters Under Vertical Loading”, GSP 132 Advances in Deep Foundations, ASCE. doi.org/10.1061/40778(157)20, 2005.
• [15] SMALL, J.C., POULOS, H.G., “Non-Linear Analysis of Piled Raft Foundations”, GSP 158 Contemporary Issues in Deep Foundations, ASCE. doi.org/10.1061/40902(221)14, 2007.
• [16] VÁSQUEZ, L.G., WANG, S.T., ISENHOWER, W.M., “Estimation of The Capacity of Pile–Raft Foundations By Three-Dimensional Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis”, Geo Congress, ASCE, doi.org/10.1061/40803(187)211, 2006.
• [17] REUL, O., RANDOLPH, M.F., “Design Strategies for Piled Rafts Subjected to Nonuniform Vertical Loading”, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 130(1):1-13, 2004.
• [18] DÜZCEER, İ.R., “Kazık Yükleme Deneyleri İle Nihai Kazık Taşıma Kapasitesinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma”, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2002.
• [19] FELLENIUS, B.H., “Test Loading Of Piles New Proof Testing Procedure”, Journal of Geotechnical and Enviromental Engineering, ASCE, 101:855-869, 1975.
• [20] HIRANY, A., KULHAWY, F.H., “Conduct and Interpretation of Load Tests on Drilled Shaft Foundations: Detailed Guidelines”, Report EL-5915, Vol. 1, EPRI, Palo Alto, 1988.
• [21] KYFOR, Z.G., SCHNORE, A.R., CARLO, T.A., BAILY, P.F., “Static Testing of Deep Foundations”, Final Report FHWA-SA-91-042, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, USA, 174, 1992.
• [22] CODUTO, D.P., Geotechnical Engineering: Principles & Practices, (2nd Ed.), Prentice Hall press, New Jersey, USA, 2010.
• [23] ERDİL. B, “Jetgrout Kolonu Tasarım Taşıma Gücü Hesabı”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversites, 2008.
• [24] PLAXIS-2D USER MANUAL, “Plaxis 2D Version 8 Material Models Manual”, 2002.
• [25] ZMUDZINSKI, Z., MOTAK E., “Computational Assessment Of Bearing Capacity Of Jetgrouting Piles (in Polish)”, Monograph 194, Kraków, 1995a, 351–362.