Abstract
In this study, the wear behavior of
boronized AISI 316 stainless steel was investigated. The chemical analysis of
the sample to be used in the experiment was carried out with optical emission
spectrometry before starting the boronizing experiment. Boronizing experiment
using pack-boronizing method were carried out at 950°C for 3 hours. As the
boron source, a powder mixture having the commercial name Ekabor 2 consisting
of SiC, B4C and KBF4, was used. As a result of the
boronizing treatment, the boride layer formed on the surface of AISI 316,
morphologically by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM-BEI), thickness by optical
microscope integrated visual analyze system, hardness by Vickers indenter and
chemical analysis by XRD (X-ray diffraction) device, were investigated. Then,
friction tests were carried out to determine the wear resistance of the boride
layer. As a result, it is determined that the boron layer formed on the surface
of boronized AISI 316 stainless steel, consists of a double phase iron-boride
layer. This layer is a columnar
morphology and homogeneous thickness. Also it has been determined to have ultra-hard
and high wear resistance.
References
- [1] ADDAIR R., Understanding of The Elements of the Periodic Table – Boron (1st ed.), The Rosen Publishing Group, New York, USA, 2007
- [2] www.periodictable.com/Elements/005/index.html (date of access 10.10.2018)
- [3] www.chemistry.pomona.edu/chemistry/periodic_table/Elements/Boron/boron.htm (date of access October 2018)
- [4] www.etimaden.gov.tr/en/boron-minerals (date of access 10.10.2018)
- [5] https://depts.washington.edu/eooptic/linkfiles/The%20Elements.pdf (date of access 10.10.2018)
- [6] GISSLER W., JEHN H.A., Advanced Techniques for Surface Engineering (1st ed.), Springer Science and Business Media, Netherlands, 2013
- [7] MARAGOUDAKIS N. E., STERGIOUDIS G., OMAR H., PAVLIDOU E., TSIPAS D.N., “Boro-nitriding of Steel”, Materials Letters, 57, 949-953, 2002
- [8] SINHA AK., “Boriding (Boronizing)”, ASM Handbook, Vol.4: Heat Treating, (9th ed.), ASM International, Ohio, USA, 1991
- [9] DONG X., HU J., HUANG Z., WANG H., GAO R., GUO Z., “Microstructure and Properties of Boronizing Layer of Fe-based Powder Metallurgy Compacts Prepared by Boronizing and Sintering Simultaneously”, Science of Sintering, Vol.41, 199-207, 2009.
- [10] DOMÍNGUEZ M.O., FRENTERIA M. A., KEDDAM M., M. ESPINOSA E., MEJIA O. D.,GONZALEZ J. I. A., SİLVA J. Z., MORENO S. A. M., REYES J. G. G. “Simulation of Growth Kinetics of Fe2B Layers Formed on Gray Cast Iron During the Powder-pack Boriding” Materials and Technology, Vol. 48/6, 904-905, 2014
- [11] CARUTA B. M., Thin Films and Coatings: New Research, Nova Science Publishers Inc; UK ed.,2005
- [12] BÉJAR M. A., MORENO E., “Abrasive Wear Resistance of Boronized Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 173, Issue 3, 352-358, 2006
- [13] https://www.mse.iastate.edu/research/laboratories/sem/microscopy/how-does-the-sem-work/ high-school/how-the-sem-works/backscattered-electrons (date of access October 2018)
- [14] ISWADI J., YUSOF H.A.M., ROZALI S., OGIYAMA H., “Effect of Particle Sizes on the Development of Ultra Hard Surface Through Superplastic Boronizing of Duplex Stainless Steel” Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering. Vol.1, 539-546, 2007
- [15] USLU I., CÖMERT H., İPEK M., ÖZDEMIR O., BINDAL C., “Evaluation of Borides Formed on AISI P20 Steel” Materials and Design, Vol.28, 55-61, 2007
- [16] Yoon, J.H.; Jee, Y.K.;Lee, S.Y.: “Plasma Paste Boronizing Treatment Of The Stainless Steel AISI 304” Surface and Coatings Technology 112 (1999)71–75
- [17] KAYALI Y., BÜYÜKSAĞİŞ A., YALÇIN Y., “Corrosion and Wear Behaviors of Boronized AISI 316L Stainless Steel” Met. Mater. Int., Vol. 19, No. 5 (2013), pp. 1053~1061, doi: 10.1007/s12540-013-5019-x
Abstract
Bu çalışmada borlanmış AISI 316 paslanmaz
çeliğin aşınma davranışı incelenmiştir. Borlama işlemi öncesi, optik emisyon
spektrometresi yardımıyla, deney numunesinin kimyasal analizi
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Borlama deneyi, 950°C’de 3 saat süre ile kutu borlama
yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Borlayıcı olarak, SiC, B4C and KBF4’ den oluşmuş,
ticari adı Ekabor 2 olan toz karışımı kullanılmıştır. Borlama işlemi sonucunda,
AISI 316 paslanmaz çeliğin yüzeyinde oluşan borür tabakasının morfolojisi,
tarama elektron mikroskobu (SEM-geri saçılan elektronlar), kalınlığı optik
mikroskoba entegreli görüntü analiz sistemi, sertliği Vickers batıcı uç ile ve
kimyasal analizi XRD (X-ışını difraksiyonu) cihazı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Daha sonra, borür tabakasının aşınma direncini belirlemek için, sürtünme testi
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, borlanmış AISI 316 paslanmaz çeliğin
yüzeyinde oluşan demir-borür tabakasının çift fazlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu
tabaka, kolonsal yapılı ve homojen kalınlıktadır. Ayrıca, çok sert ve yüksek
aşınma direncine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
References
- [1] ADDAIR R., Understanding of The Elements of the Periodic Table – Boron (1st ed.), The Rosen Publishing Group, New York, USA, 2007
- [2] www.periodictable.com/Elements/005/index.html (date of access 10.10.2018)
- [3] www.chemistry.pomona.edu/chemistry/periodic_table/Elements/Boron/boron.htm (date of access October 2018)
- [4] www.etimaden.gov.tr/en/boron-minerals (date of access 10.10.2018)
- [5] https://depts.washington.edu/eooptic/linkfiles/The%20Elements.pdf (date of access 10.10.2018)
- [6] GISSLER W., JEHN H.A., Advanced Techniques for Surface Engineering (1st ed.), Springer Science and Business Media, Netherlands, 2013
- [7] MARAGOUDAKIS N. E., STERGIOUDIS G., OMAR H., PAVLIDOU E., TSIPAS D.N., “Boro-nitriding of Steel”, Materials Letters, 57, 949-953, 2002
- [8] SINHA AK., “Boriding (Boronizing)”, ASM Handbook, Vol.4: Heat Treating, (9th ed.), ASM International, Ohio, USA, 1991
- [9] DONG X., HU J., HUANG Z., WANG H., GAO R., GUO Z., “Microstructure and Properties of Boronizing Layer of Fe-based Powder Metallurgy Compacts Prepared by Boronizing and Sintering Simultaneously”, Science of Sintering, Vol.41, 199-207, 2009.
- [10] DOMÍNGUEZ M.O., FRENTERIA M. A., KEDDAM M., M. ESPINOSA E., MEJIA O. D.,GONZALEZ J. I. A., SİLVA J. Z., MORENO S. A. M., REYES J. G. G. “Simulation of Growth Kinetics of Fe2B Layers Formed on Gray Cast Iron During the Powder-pack Boriding” Materials and Technology, Vol. 48/6, 904-905, 2014
- [11] CARUTA B. M., Thin Films and Coatings: New Research, Nova Science Publishers Inc; UK ed.,2005
- [12] BÉJAR M. A., MORENO E., “Abrasive Wear Resistance of Boronized Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 173, Issue 3, 352-358, 2006
- [13] https://www.mse.iastate.edu/research/laboratories/sem/microscopy/how-does-the-sem-work/ high-school/how-the-sem-works/backscattered-electrons (date of access October 2018)
- [14] ISWADI J., YUSOF H.A.M., ROZALI S., OGIYAMA H., “Effect of Particle Sizes on the Development of Ultra Hard Surface Through Superplastic Boronizing of Duplex Stainless Steel” Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering. Vol.1, 539-546, 2007
- [15] USLU I., CÖMERT H., İPEK M., ÖZDEMIR O., BINDAL C., “Evaluation of Borides Formed on AISI P20 Steel” Materials and Design, Vol.28, 55-61, 2007
- [16] Yoon, J.H.; Jee, Y.K.;Lee, S.Y.: “Plasma Paste Boronizing Treatment Of The Stainless Steel AISI 304” Surface and Coatings Technology 112 (1999)71–75
- [17] KAYALI Y., BÜYÜKSAĞİŞ A., YALÇIN Y., “Corrosion and Wear Behaviors of Boronized AISI 316L Stainless Steel” Met. Mater. Int., Vol. 19, No. 5 (2013), pp. 1053~1061, doi: 10.1007/s12540-013-5019-x
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Material Production Technologies |
| Journal Section | Materials and Metallurgical Engineering |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | July 31, 2019 |
| Submission Date | October 25, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | May 6, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 8 Issue: 2 |
