HABERLEŞME İÇERMEYEN MİKRO ŞEBEKELER İÇİN DÜŞÜM KONTROL TABANLI ORANTISAL GÜÇ PAYLAŞIM YÖNTEMİ

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 137 - 145, 30.01.2020

Ali Rıfat Boynueğri

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.542985

Abstract

DC mikro
şebekelerinin popülerliği oldukça artsa da yük paylaşımı mikro şebekelerde
yaygın kullanımın önüne geçen çözümlenmemiş bir engel teşkil etmektedir. En çok
tercih edilen yük paylaşım yöntemlerinden biri olan geleneksel düşüm yöntemi
kısmen yük paylaşımını sağlasa da bu hatların eşit direnç değerlerine sahip
olmasına bağlıdır. Ayrıca bu sistemin bir diğer dezavantajı ise baralarda
oluşan düşüm tabanlı kontrolden kaynaklanan fazladan gerilim düşümüdür. Bu
çalışma da DC mikro şebekeleri için orantısal yük paylaşımını haberleşme
içermeyen bir şekilde başarı ile sağlayan yeni bir yaklaşım önerilmiştir. Bu
yöntem sabit bir gerilim yerine doğrultulmuş sinüzoidal dalga şekline sahip DC
gerilimi önermektedir. Bu sayede periyodik bir sinyal üretilerek AC düşüm tabanlı
kontrolde olduğu gibi yüklenmeye bağlı olarak sinyalin frekansı düşürülmüştür. Önerilen
yöntemi doğrulamak amacı ile geleneksek düşüm yöntemi ile karşılaştırıcı bir
benzetim çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önerilen yöntem sistemin gerilim
performansını yaklaşık olarak %5 ve yük paylaşım performansını da %17.10
oranında arttırdığı görülmüştür.

Keywords

DC mikro şebeke, düşüm kontrolü, güç yönetimi, yük paylaşımı

A DROOP CONTROL BASED PROPOTIONAL POWER SHARING METHOD FOR DC MICROGRIDS WITHOUT COMMUNICATION

Abstract

Although DC
microgrids are getting popular, load sharing is still an unsolved obstacle for
widespread operation. Conventional droop method which is one of the most
preferred load sharing method partially manages load sharing however this is
related to equal line resistance. Also extra voltage drop arise out of the
droop method is another disadvantage of the system. In this study a new
approach which achieves proportional load sharing without communication is
proposed for DC Microgrids. This method presents a variable DC voltage level
like rectified sinusoidal voltage instead of a constant DC Voltage. By this way
a periodical signal is generated and frequency of this signal is controlled
according to loading level like the AC droop control. A comparative simulation
study with conventional droop control is done to verify the proposed method.
Results show that proposed method increased the voltage performance of the
system nearly %5, load sharing performance %17.10.

Keywords

DC microgrid, droop control, power management, load sharing

References

• BATTAGLINI A., LILLIESTAM J., HAAS A., PATT A.. "Development of SuperSmart Grids for a more efficient utilisation of electricity from renewable sources", J Clean Prod, 17, 911–919, 2009.
• CARDENAS J.A., GEMOETS L., ABLANEDO ROSAS J.H., SARFI R., "A literature survey on Smart Grid distribution: an analytical approach", J Clean Prod, 65, 202–218, 2014.
• LUND P.D., MIKKOLA J., YPYÄ J., "Smart energy system design for large clean power schemes in urban areas", J Clean Prod, 103, 437–482, 2015.
• VENKATA S.S., PAHWA A., BROWN R.E., CHRISTIE R.D., "What Future Distribution Engineers Need to Learn", IEEE Trans Power Syst, 19, 17–40, 2004.
• AHN S.J., PARK J.W., CHUNG I.Y., MOON S.I., KANG S.H., NAM S.R., "Power-Sharing Method of Multiple Distributed Generators Considering Control Modes and Configurations of a Microgrid", IEEE Trans Power Deliv, 25, 2007–2023, 2010.
• CHIRADEJA P., RAMAKUMAR R., "An Approach to Quantify the Technical Benefits of Distributed Generation", IEEE Trans Energy Convers, 19, 764–837, 2004.
• TASCIKARAOGLU A., BOYNUEGRI A.R., UZUNOGLU M., "A demand side management strategy based on forecasting of residential renewable sources: A smart home system in Turkey", Energy Build, 80, 309–329, 2014.
• ARULAMPALAM A., BARNES M., ENGLER A., GOODWIN A., JENKINS N., "Control of power electronic interfaces in distributed generation microgrids", Int J Electron, 91, 503–526, 2004. [9] TSIKALAKIS A.G., HATZIARGYRIOU N.D., "Centralized control for optimizing microgrids operation",IEEE, Power Energy Soc. Gen. Meet., 1–8, Michigan, USA, 2011.
• KATIRAEI F., IRAVANI M.R., "Power Management Strategies for a Microgrid With Multiple Distributed Generation Units", IEEE Trans POWER Syst, 21, 2006.
• DELGHAVI M.B., YAZDANI A., "A Unified Control Strategy for Electronically Interfaced Distributed Energy Resources", IEEE Trans Power Deliv, 27, 803–815, 2012.
• GUERRERO J.M., MATAS J., DE VICUNA L.G., BERBEL N., SOSA J., "Wireless-control strategy for parallel operation of distributed generation inverters", Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron., IEEE; 2005, 845–895, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 2005.
• LOPES J.A.P., MOREIRA C.L., MADUREIRA A.G., "Defining Control Strategies for MicroGrids Islanded Operation", IEEE Trans Power Syst, 21, 916–940, 2006.
• GUERRERO J.M., CHANDORKAR M., LEE T.L., LOH P.C., "Advanced Control Architectures for Intelligent Microgrids—Part I: Decentralized and Hierarchical Control", IEEE Trans Ind Electron, 60, 1254-1316, 2013. doi:10.1109/TIE.2012.2194969.
• OLIVARES D.E., MEHRIZI-SANI A., ETEMADI A.H., CANIZARES C.A., IRAVANI R., KAZERANI M., et al., "Trends in Microgrid Control" IEEE Trans Smart Grid, 5, 1905–1924, 2014.
• CİNGOZ F., ELRAYYAH A., SÖZER Y., "Optimized Droop Control Parameters for Effective Load Sharing and Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids", Electr Power Components Syst, 43:879-968, 2015.
• CİNGOZ F., ELRAYYAH A., SÖZER Y., "Optimized Settings of Droop Parameters Using Stochastic Load Modeling for Effective DC Microgrids Operation" IEEE Trans Ind Appl, 53, 1358–1429, 2017.
• ELRAYYAH A., SÖZER Y., ELBULUK M.E., "A Novel Load-Flow Analysis for Stable and Optimized Microgrid Operation", IEEE Trans Power Deliv, 29, 1709–1726, 2014.
• POGAKU N., PRODANOVIC M., GREEN T.C., "Modeling, Analysis and Testing of Autonomous Operation of an Inverter-Based Microgrid", IEEE Trans Power Electron, 22,613–638, 2007.
• DONG D., CVETKOVIC I., BOROYEVICH D., ZHANG W., WANG R., MATTAVELLI P., "Grid-Interface Bidirectional Converter for Residential DC Distribution Systems—Part One: High-Density Two-Stage Topology", IEEE Trans Power Electron, 28,1655–1721, 2013.
• XU L., CHEN D., "Control and Operation of a DC Microgrid With Variable Generation and Energy Storage", IEEE Trans Power Deliv, 26,2513–2535, 2011.
• ANAND S., FERNANDES B.G., GUERRERO J., "Distributed Control to Ensure Proportional Load Sharing and Improve Voltage Regulation in Low-Voltage DC Microgrids", IEEE Trans Power Electron 28,1900–1913 2013.
• NASIRIAN V., DAVOUDI A., LEWIS F.L., GUERRERO J.M., "Distributed Adaptive Droop Control for DC Distribution Systems", IEEE Trans Energy Convers, 2014;29:944–56. doi:10.1109/TEC.2014.2350458.
• SALEH M., ESA Y., MOHAMED A., "Impact of Communication Latency on the Bus Voltage of Centrally Controlled DC Microgrid during Islanding", IEEE Trans Sustain Energy, 1-3 2018.
• LU X., SUN K., GUERRERO J.M., VASQUEZ J.C., HUANG L., "State-of-Charge Balance Using Adaptive Droop Control for Distributed Energy Storage Systems in DC Microgrid Applications", IEEE Trans Ind Electron, 61,2804–2819, 2014.
• DAM D.H., LEE H.H., "An adaptive power distributed control method to ensure proportional load power sharing in DC microgrid considering equivalent line impedances", IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo., WI, USA, 1–6, 2016.
• NUTKANI I.U., PENG W., LOH P.C., BLAABJERG F., "Cost-based droop scheme for DC microgrid", IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo., 765-774, PA, USA, 2014.