Research Article
Year 2020,
Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 285 - 296, 30.01.2020
Abstract
Patulin,
başlıca olarak Penicillium türleri
tarafından üretilen bir mikotoksindir. Başta elma olmak üzere birçok meyve,
meyve suyu, badem, fındık gibi gıdalarda sentezlendiği bilinmektedir. İnsan ve
hayvan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri nedeniyle çeşitli gıdalarda patuline
ait maksimum bulunma limitleri belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, günümüzde doğru ve
güvenilir patulin tespit yöntemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, HPLC
yöntemiyle patulin varlığının tespiti ve miktar tayini için metot validasyon
çalışması yürütülmüş ve metot performans parametreleri belirlenmiştir.
Validasyon çalışması sonucuna göre 5.0, 25.0 ve 50.0 mg/mL patulin
konsantrasyonları için metoda ait geri kazanım (%) ve tekrar edilebilirlik (%
RSDr) değerleri aynı gün ve farklı günlerde yapılan çalışma sonuçlarına göre
kabul edilebilir limitler içindedir. Ayrıca, Metoda ait belirsizlik bütçesinde
kalibrasyon eğrisinden, geri kazanımdan ve tekrar edilebilirlikten gelen bileşenler
hesaplanmış ve % 95 güven aralığında (k=2) 5.0 (µg /mL) ± 1.8449 (µg /mL), 25.0 (µg /mL) ± 0.7974 (µg /mL) ve 50.0 (µg /mL) ± 0.0819 (µg /mL) olarak rapor edilmiştir.
Keywords
References
- MOAKE, M.M., PADILLA-ZAKOUR, O.I., WOROBO, R.W., “Comprehensive review of patulin control methods in foods”, Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf, 4, 1, 8–21, 2005.
- PUEL, O., GALTİER, P., VE OSWALD, I. P., “Biosynthesis and toxicological effects of patulin”, Toxins, 2, 4, 613-631, 2010.
- PHILPOT, F.J., “A penicillin-like substance from Aspergillus giganteus Wehm”, Nature, 152, 725, 1943.
- KORZYBSKI T., KOWSZYK-GINDIFIER Z., KURYLOWICZ S., Antibiotics Origin, Nature, and Properties, (2nd ed.), Pergamon Press, New York, 1967.
- ŞAHİN G., ÜNÜVAR S., BAYDAR T., “Patulin: toksisitesi ve bebek beslenmesinde kullanılan ürünlerde olası bulaşma”, Turk Arch Ped, 46, 275-9, 2011.
- FLİEGE, R., METZLER M., “Electrophilic properties of patulin. N-acetylcysteine and glutathione adducts”, Chem. Res. Toxicol, 13, 373-381, 2000.
- SCHUMACHER, D.M., MÜLLER, C., METZLER, M., LEHMANN L., “DNA–DNA cross-links contribute to the mutagenic potential of the mycotoxin patulin”, Toxicol. Lett, 166, 268-275, 2006.
- CİEGLER, A., BECKWİTH, A.C., JACKSON, L.K., “Teratogenicity of patulin and patulin adducts formed with cysteine”, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 31, 664–667, 1976.
- OSSWALD, H., FRANK, H.K., KOMİTOWSKİ, D., WİNTER, H., “Long-term testing of patulin administered orally to Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss mice”, Food Cosmet. Toxicol, 16, 243–247, 1978.
- HAYES, A.W., PHİLLİPS, T.D., WİLLİAMS, W.L., CİEGLER, A., “Acute toxicity of patulin in mice and rats”, Toxicology, 13, 91–100, 1979.
- BECCİ, P.J., HESS, F.G., JOHNSON, W.D., GALLO, M.A., BABİSH, J.G., DAİLEY, R.E., PARENT, R.A., “Long-term carcinogenicity and toxicity studies of patulin in the rat”, J. Appl. Toxicol, 1, 256–261, 1981.
- WHO. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food additives (JECFA), Position paper on patulin, 30th session, The Hague, The Netherlands, 9–13 March, 1998.
- WURGLER, F.E., FRİEDERİCH, U., SCHLATTER, J., “Lack of mutagenicity of ochratoxin A and B, citrinin, patulin and cnestine in Salmonella typhimurium TAI02”, Mutat. Res, 261, 209–216, 1991.
- Resmi Gazete No: 28157. (2011). Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliği. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/12/20111229m3-8.htm (erişim tarihi 01.04.2019)
- GÖKMEN, V., ACAR, J., “Incidence of patulin in apple juice concentrates produced in Turkey”, J Chromatogr, 815, 99-102, 1998.
- YURDUN, T., OMURTAG, G. Z., ERSOY, Ö., “Incidence of patulin in apple juices marketed in Turkey”, Journal of Food Protection, 64(11), 1851-1853, 2001.
- KATERERE, D.R. , STOCKENSTRÖM, S., BALDUCCİ, G., SHEPHARD, G.S., “Determination of patulin in apple juice: comparative evaluation of four analytical methods”, J. AOAC Int, 90, 162-166, 2007.
- LI, J.K., WU, R.N., HU, Q.H., WANG, J.H., “Solid-phase extraction and HPLC determination of patulin in apple juice concentrate”, Food Control, 18, 530-534, 2007.
- SARGENTİ, S.R., ALMEİDA, C.A.A., “Determination of patulin in applejuice by HPLC using a simple and fast sample preparation method”, Ecl Quı ́m Sao Paulo, 35, 14–21, 2010.
- PAITHANKAR, H.V., “HPLC Method Validation For Pharmaceuticals: A Revıew”, International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences, 2 (4), 229-240, 2013.
- SANCO/12495/2011, Method validation and quality control procedures for pesticide residues analysis in food and feed, 2011.
- EURACHEM Guide, The Fitness for purpose of analytical methods, A laboratory guide to method validastion and related topics, 1998.
- Magnusson, B., Örnemark, U. (eds.) Eurachem Guide: The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods – A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, 2014.
- ISO 11095:1996 Linear calibration using referance materials, 1996.
- Codex Alimentarius Commisson Procedural Manual, Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme twenty-first ed. Rome, 2013.
- TS 5822-2 ISO 5725-2 Ölçme Metotlarının ve Sonuçlarının Doğruluğu (Gerçeklik ve Kesinlik) Bölüm 2: Standard Bir Ölçme Metodunun Tekrarlanabilirliğinin ve Uyarlığın Tayini için Temel Metot (Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results-Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method), 2000.
- AOAC Guidelines for Single-Laboratory Validation of Chemical Methods for Dietary Supplements and Botanicals, Official Methods of Analysis, 19th Ed., Appendix K, AOAC INTERNATIONAL, Gaithersburg, MD, 2012.
- SANTE/11945/2015: Guidance document on analytical quality control and validation procedures for pesticide residues analysis in food and feed, 2015.
- DİMİTROVA, R.T., STOYKOVA, I.I., YANKOVSKA-STEFANOVA, T.T., YANEVA, S.A., STOYANCHEV, T.T., “Development of analytical method for determination of organochlorine pesticides residues in meat by GC-ECD”, Revue Méd. Vét., 169, 4-6, 77-86, 2018.
- Uluslararası Temel ve Genel Metroloji Terimleri Sözlüğü (2008), JCGM 200:2008, TÜBİTAK UME
Year 2020,
Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 285 - 296, 30.01.2020
Abstract
References
- MOAKE, M.M., PADILLA-ZAKOUR, O.I., WOROBO, R.W., “Comprehensive review of patulin control methods in foods”, Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf, 4, 1, 8–21, 2005.
- PUEL, O., GALTİER, P., VE OSWALD, I. P., “Biosynthesis and toxicological effects of patulin”, Toxins, 2, 4, 613-631, 2010.
- PHILPOT, F.J., “A penicillin-like substance from Aspergillus giganteus Wehm”, Nature, 152, 725, 1943.
- KORZYBSKI T., KOWSZYK-GINDIFIER Z., KURYLOWICZ S., Antibiotics Origin, Nature, and Properties, (2nd ed.), Pergamon Press, New York, 1967.
- ŞAHİN G., ÜNÜVAR S., BAYDAR T., “Patulin: toksisitesi ve bebek beslenmesinde kullanılan ürünlerde olası bulaşma”, Turk Arch Ped, 46, 275-9, 2011.
- FLİEGE, R., METZLER M., “Electrophilic properties of patulin. N-acetylcysteine and glutathione adducts”, Chem. Res. Toxicol, 13, 373-381, 2000.
- SCHUMACHER, D.M., MÜLLER, C., METZLER, M., LEHMANN L., “DNA–DNA cross-links contribute to the mutagenic potential of the mycotoxin patulin”, Toxicol. Lett, 166, 268-275, 2006.
- CİEGLER, A., BECKWİTH, A.C., JACKSON, L.K., “Teratogenicity of patulin and patulin adducts formed with cysteine”, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 31, 664–667, 1976.
- OSSWALD, H., FRANK, H.K., KOMİTOWSKİ, D., WİNTER, H., “Long-term testing of patulin administered orally to Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss mice”, Food Cosmet. Toxicol, 16, 243–247, 1978.
- HAYES, A.W., PHİLLİPS, T.D., WİLLİAMS, W.L., CİEGLER, A., “Acute toxicity of patulin in mice and rats”, Toxicology, 13, 91–100, 1979.
- BECCİ, P.J., HESS, F.G., JOHNSON, W.D., GALLO, M.A., BABİSH, J.G., DAİLEY, R.E., PARENT, R.A., “Long-term carcinogenicity and toxicity studies of patulin in the rat”, J. Appl. Toxicol, 1, 256–261, 1981.
- WHO. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food additives (JECFA), Position paper on patulin, 30th session, The Hague, The Netherlands, 9–13 March, 1998.
- WURGLER, F.E., FRİEDERİCH, U., SCHLATTER, J., “Lack of mutagenicity of ochratoxin A and B, citrinin, patulin and cnestine in Salmonella typhimurium TAI02”, Mutat. Res, 261, 209–216, 1991.
- Resmi Gazete No: 28157. (2011). Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bulaşanlar Yönetmeliği. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/12/20111229m3-8.htm (erişim tarihi 01.04.2019)
- GÖKMEN, V., ACAR, J., “Incidence of patulin in apple juice concentrates produced in Turkey”, J Chromatogr, 815, 99-102, 1998.
- YURDUN, T., OMURTAG, G. Z., ERSOY, Ö., “Incidence of patulin in apple juices marketed in Turkey”, Journal of Food Protection, 64(11), 1851-1853, 2001.
- KATERERE, D.R. , STOCKENSTRÖM, S., BALDUCCİ, G., SHEPHARD, G.S., “Determination of patulin in apple juice: comparative evaluation of four analytical methods”, J. AOAC Int, 90, 162-166, 2007.
- LI, J.K., WU, R.N., HU, Q.H., WANG, J.H., “Solid-phase extraction and HPLC determination of patulin in apple juice concentrate”, Food Control, 18, 530-534, 2007.
- SARGENTİ, S.R., ALMEİDA, C.A.A., “Determination of patulin in applejuice by HPLC using a simple and fast sample preparation method”, Ecl Quı ́m Sao Paulo, 35, 14–21, 2010.
- PAITHANKAR, H.V., “HPLC Method Validation For Pharmaceuticals: A Revıew”, International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences, 2 (4), 229-240, 2013.
- SANCO/12495/2011, Method validation and quality control procedures for pesticide residues analysis in food and feed, 2011.
- EURACHEM Guide, The Fitness for purpose of analytical methods, A laboratory guide to method validastion and related topics, 1998.
- Magnusson, B., Örnemark, U. (eds.) Eurachem Guide: The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods – A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, 2014.
- ISO 11095:1996 Linear calibration using referance materials, 1996.
- Codex Alimentarius Commisson Procedural Manual, Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme twenty-first ed. Rome, 2013.
- TS 5822-2 ISO 5725-2 Ölçme Metotlarının ve Sonuçlarının Doğruluğu (Gerçeklik ve Kesinlik) Bölüm 2: Standard Bir Ölçme Metodunun Tekrarlanabilirliğinin ve Uyarlığın Tayini için Temel Metot (Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results-Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method), 2000.
- AOAC Guidelines for Single-Laboratory Validation of Chemical Methods for Dietary Supplements and Botanicals, Official Methods of Analysis, 19th Ed., Appendix K, AOAC INTERNATIONAL, Gaithersburg, MD, 2012.
- SANTE/11945/2015: Guidance document on analytical quality control and validation procedures for pesticide residues analysis in food and feed, 2015.
- DİMİTROVA, R.T., STOYKOVA, I.I., YANKOVSKA-STEFANOVA, T.T., YANEVA, S.A., STOYANCHEV, T.T., “Development of analytical method for determination of organochlorine pesticides residues in meat by GC-ECD”, Revue Méd. Vét., 169, 4-6, 77-86, 2018.
- Uluslararası Temel ve Genel Metroloji Terimleri Sözlüğü (2008), JCGM 200:2008, TÜBİTAK UME
There are 30 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Food Engineering |
| Journal Section | Food Engineering |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 30, 2020 |
| Submission Date | April 1, 2019 |
| Acceptance Date | November 20, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 1 |
