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Roundabout metering as a solution proposal to roundabouts with unbalanced flows: A literature study

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 674 - 683, 27.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.872504

Abstract

Intersections have significant effect in highway networks and are categorized according to their various characteristics. Roundabouts, one of the types of at-grade intersections, have been using since the beginning of the twentieth century. Modern roundabouts are common in recent years, especially in urban intersections, thanks to the give way rule to circulating vehicles around the island and its geometry that provides high safety by ensuring low and constant speed movement of the vehicles joining from the approaches. However, this type of intersection is sensitive to unbalanced flow patterns in the approaches, it cannot provide the necessary gap to the vehicles that want to join the intersection under these conditions hence delays and queues occur in the intersection legs. In order to reduce emerged excessive delay and queuing problems, roundabout metering has started to be used as a solution option. In this article, the effect of roundabout metering on intersection performance is examined in the light of the available literature. In this study, delay was used as the primary parameter to evaluate the performance of roundabouts, also environmental and economic impacts were mentioned. In the investigated studies, it was seen that roundabout metering shows successful results under several flow patterns. Thus, it was mentioned that roundabout metering should be considered as an option by taking factors into account such as the geometry of the roundabouts in Turkey and local driver behaviors.

References

  • KGM, Karayolları Tasarım El Kitabı, Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, 2016.
  • KGM, Trafik Kazaları Özeti 2019. https://www.kgm. gov.tr/SiteCollectionDocuments/KGMdocuments/Trafik/TrafikKazalariOzeti2019.pdf, Erişim tarihi 10 Ekim 2020.
  • Federal Highway Administration, Intersection Safety. https://highways.dot.gov/research/researchprograms/safety/intersection-safety, Erişim tarihi 10 Ekim 2020.
  • European Commission, Annual Accident Report, 2018. https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/statistics/dacota/asr2018.pdf, Erişim tarihi 10 Ekim 2020
  • KGM, Karayolu Trafik Güvenliği El Kitabı. Trafik Şubesi Müdürlüğü, Ankara. 2007.
  • B.W. Robinson, L. Rodegerdts, W. Scarborough, W. Kittelson. Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, Federal Highway Administration, Virginia, USA. 2000.
  • AASHTO, A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, AASHTO Green Book, Washington DC. 2011.
  • J. Bared, W. Prosser and C. Esse. State-of-the-art design of roundabouts. Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1579, 1-10. 1997.
  • A. Flannery, T.K. Datta. modern roundabouts and traffic crash experience in United States. Transportation Research Record, 1553(1), 103–1091. 1996.
  • R. A. Retting, B. N. Persaud and P. E. Garder. Crash and injury reduction following the installation of roundabouts in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 91 (4), 628–631. 2001.
  • KGM, Modern Dönel Kavşaklar Planlama, Tasarım ve Uygulama Rehberi. Stratejik Planlama Şubesi Müdürlüğü, Ankara. 2018.
  • M. Valdez, Effects of unbalanced approach volumes on roundabout operations. ETD Collection for University of Texas, El Paso. 2010.https://scholarworks.utep.edu/ open_etd/2603
  • K.W. Huddart, Signaling of Hyde Park corner, elephant and castle and other roundabouts. PTRC 11th Summer Annual Meeting, Proceedings of Seminar K, 193–208. 1983.
  • J. Krogscheepers, C. Roebuck, Unbalanced traffic volumes at roundabouts. In: Fourth International Symposium on Highway Capacity, Hawaii, USA. 2000.
  • A. Tunç, Trafik Mühendisliği ve Uygulamaları. 1. Baskı, Asil Yayın Dağıtım, 790, 2003.
  • R. Akçelik, Roundabouts with unbalanced flow patterns. Presented at the ITE Annual Meeting and Exhibit, Lake Buena Vista, Florida. 2004.
  • T. Aydemir ve S. Tanyel, 2005. Çok şeritli dönel kavşaklar üzerinde OD matrisinin etkisi, 6. Ulaştırma Kongresi, 23-25 Mayıs, İstanbul.
  • Main Roads Western Australia, Guidelines for the Selection of Intersection Control, 2015.
  • C. R. Stevens, Signals and meters at roundabouts. In: The 2005 Mid-continent Transportation Research Symposium, Ames, Iowa, USA. 2005.
  • Department for Transport. Local Transport Note 1/09, Signal Controlled Roundabouts. 2009.
  • T. Tollazzi Alternative Types of Roundabouts at Development Phases. In: Alternative Types of Roundabouts. Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic, 6. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. 2015.
  • M. S. Hallworth, Signalling Roundabouts. Traffic Engineering and Control 33.6, 354–363. 1992.
  • E. Natalizio, Roundabouts with Metering signals. Presented at ITE Annual Meeting, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 2005.
  • K. Sides, Assessing the clearwater beach entryway roundabout. In: Institute of Transportation Engineers 2000 Annual Meeting and Exhibit, Tennessee, USA. 2000.
  • R. Akçelik, An Investigation of the performance of roundabouts with metering signals. Presented at TRB National Roundabout Conference, Kansas City, Missouri, USA. 2008.
  • N.Z. Herald, Tauranga’s Barkes Corner roundabout metering to begin next week. https://www.nzherald. co.nz/bay-of-plenty times/news/taurangas-barkes-corner-roundabout-metering-to-begin-next week/abo24wdrwıv4gvbu3qıtbphavm/. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • WSDOT, SR 240 - Steptoe roundabout traffic metering.https://wsdot.wa.gov/projects/sr240/steptoe-roundabout/home. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • New Zealand Transport Agency, SH2 Elizabeth Street roundabout metering. https://www.nzta.govt.nz/ projects/sh2-elizabeth-street-roundabout-metering. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • KTVZ, Bend reviewing results of metered roundabout test.https://ktvz.com/videos/localvideos/2020/04/23/bend-reviewing-results-of-metered-roundabout-test/. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • Z. Çakıcı, Sinyalize dönel (yuvarlakada) kavşakların tasarım esaslarının araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli. 2014.
  • L. Rodegerdts, J. Bansen, C. Tiesler, J. Knudsen, E. Myers, M. Johnson, M. Moule, B. Persaud, C. Lyon, S. Hallmark, H. Isebrands, R. Crown, B. Guichet and A. O’Brien. NCHRP Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, 2nd ed. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., USA. 2010.
  • VicRoads, Supplement to austroads guide to traffic management Part 6: Intersections, Interchanges and Crossings (2013). 2015.
  • R.Akçelik, Capacity and performance analysis of roundabout metering signals. Presented at TRB National Roundabout Conference, Vail, Colorado, USA. 2005.
  • New Zealand Transport Agency, Traffic Note 60, 2011. https://www.nzta.govt.nz/assets/resources/traffic-notes/docs/traffic-note-60.pdf. Erişim tarihi 14 Ekim 2020.
  • R. Akçelik, Roundabout metering signals: capacity, performance, and Timing. Presented at 6th International Symposium on Highway Capacity, TRB, Stockholm, Sweden. 2011.
  • L. G. H. Fortuijn, Robustness of roundabout metering systems (RMS). In Transportation Research Board 4th International Roundabout Conference, Seattle, USA. 2014.
  • Austroads, Guide to Traffic Management Part 6: Intersections, Interchanges and Crossing. 2017.
  • Google Maps, https://www.google.com/maps/@-38.0056606,145.0862517,3a,73.8y,237.64h,91.36t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sDQP_PEZLxIkryipX06snCQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656. Erişim tarihi 15 Ekim 2020
  • M. Zadid and W. Yue, Comparison of a roundabout model using aaSIDRA and PARAMICS. Papers of the 32nd Australasian Transport Research Forum ATRF, Auckland, New Zealand. 2009.
  • H. K. An, W. L. Yue and B. Stazic, Dual signal roundabout evaluation in Adelaide using SIDRA and AIMSUN. Road & Transport Research: A Journal of Australian and New Zealand Research and Practice, 26(2), Jun 2017, 36-49. 2017.
  • R. Akçelik, Operating Cost, Fuel consumption and pollutant emission savings at a roundabout with metering signals. Presented at the ARRB 22nd Conference, Canberra, Australia. 2006.
  • A. Abdelfatah and M. Alozn, Comparing roundabout and metered roundabout performance under different traffic conditions. International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, 8(2), 178-182. 2019.
  • H. K. An, W. L. Yue and B. Stazic, Estimation of vehicle queuing lengths at metering roundabouts. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 4, 545-554. 2017.
  • M. Mosslemi, Using metering signals at roundabouts with unbalanced flows to ımprove the traffic condition: the case study of kannik area in Stavanger (Dissertation). Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/ resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16429. 2008.
  • D. G. Geers, P. Tyler, B. Hengst, E. Huang and D. Quail, Enhanced roundabout metering. Papers of the 16th ITS World Congress and Exhibition on Intelligent Transport Systems, Stockholm, Sweden. 2009.
  • A. Buasali, broadening understanding of roundabout operation analysis: planning-level tools and signal application, Civil Engineering Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research. 113. University of Nebraska - Lincoln, USA. 2017.
  • J. E. Hummer, J. S. Milazzo II, B. Schroeder and K. Salamadi, Potential for metering to help roundabouts manage peak period demands in the United States. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2402, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., USA, 56–66. 2014.
  • M. Martin-Gasulla, A. Garcia, A.T. Moreno, Benefits of metering signals at roundabouts with unbalanced flow:patterns in Spain. Transportation Research Record 2585, 20-28. 2016.
  • M. Martin-Gasulla, A. Garcia, A.T. Moreno and C. Llorca, Capacity and operational improvements of metering roundabouts in Spain. Transportation Research Procedia 15, 295-307. 2016.
  • Y. Duan, X. Qu, S. Easa and Y. Yan, Optimizing total entry delay at roundabouts with unbalanced flow: A dynamic strategy for smart metering. IET Intelligent Transport Systems. 13. 485-494. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-its.2018.5180
  • K. Mahmood, Improving roundabout performance using roundabout metering technique. Electronic Thesis or Dissertation. University of Akron, 2016.
  • X. Ma, P. Yi, and V. Bolla, Priority metering control for an urban circular ıntersection. Civil Engineering Journal; Prague Iss. 2,292-304. 2019.
  • P. Fernandes, J. Teixeira, C. Guarnaccia, J.M. Bandeira, E. Macedo and M.C. Coelho, The Potential of metering roundabouts: ınfluence in transportation externalities. Transportation Research Record, 2672(25), 21–34. 2018.

Dönel kavşaklarda meydana gelen dengesiz akımlara bir çözüm önerisi olarak kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 674 - 683, 27.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.872504

Abstract

Karayolu ağlarında büyük öneme sahip olan kavşaklar, çeşitli özelliklerine göre kategorilere ayrılır. Hemzemin kavşak tiplerinden biri olan dönel kavşaklar yirminci yüzyılın başından itibaren kullanılmaktadır. Modern dönel kavşaklar, ada etrafında dönen araca yol ver kuralı ve yüksek güvenliğe sahip geometrisi ile yaklaşım kollarından katılan araçların düşük ve sabit hızla hareketini sağlar. Bu nedenle modern dönel kavşaklar, son yıllarda özellikle kentsel kavşaklarda tercih edilmektedir. Ancak bu kavşak tipi, yaklaşım kollarındaki dengesiz akımlara karşı hassas olduğundan, bu şartlar altında kavşağa katılmak isteyen araçlar arasında gerekli olan boşluğu sağlayamaz ve kavşak kollarında gecikmeler ve kuyruklanmalar oluşur. Meydana gelen aşırı gecikme ve kuyruklanma sorunlarının azaltılması amacıyla kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar bir çözüm seçeneği olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu makalede, kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşakların kavşak performansı üzerindeki etkisi mevcut literatür ışığında incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada dönel kavşakların performanslarını değerlendirmek için temel parametre olarak gecikme kullanılmış, ayrıca çevresel ve ekonomik etkilere de değinilmiştir. İncelenen çalışmalarda, kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşakların çeşitli akım talepleri altında başarılı sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür.Bu sebeple kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşakların ülkemizde bulunan dönel kavşakların geometrileri ve yerel sürücü davranışları gibi değişkenler de göz önünde bulundurulması kaydıyla bir seçenek olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiğinden bahsedilmiştir.

References

  • KGM, Karayolları Tasarım El Kitabı, Karayolları Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, 2016.
  • KGM, Trafik Kazaları Özeti 2019. https://www.kgm. gov.tr/SiteCollectionDocuments/KGMdocuments/Trafik/TrafikKazalariOzeti2019.pdf, Erişim tarihi 10 Ekim 2020.
  • Federal Highway Administration, Intersection Safety. https://highways.dot.gov/research/researchprograms/safety/intersection-safety, Erişim tarihi 10 Ekim 2020.
  • European Commission, Annual Accident Report, 2018. https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/statistics/dacota/asr2018.pdf, Erişim tarihi 10 Ekim 2020
  • KGM, Karayolu Trafik Güvenliği El Kitabı. Trafik Şubesi Müdürlüğü, Ankara. 2007.
  • B.W. Robinson, L. Rodegerdts, W. Scarborough, W. Kittelson. Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, Federal Highway Administration, Virginia, USA. 2000.
  • AASHTO, A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, AASHTO Green Book, Washington DC. 2011.
  • J. Bared, W. Prosser and C. Esse. State-of-the-art design of roundabouts. Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1579, 1-10. 1997.
  • A. Flannery, T.K. Datta. modern roundabouts and traffic crash experience in United States. Transportation Research Record, 1553(1), 103–1091. 1996.
  • R. A. Retting, B. N. Persaud and P. E. Garder. Crash and injury reduction following the installation of roundabouts in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 91 (4), 628–631. 2001.
  • KGM, Modern Dönel Kavşaklar Planlama, Tasarım ve Uygulama Rehberi. Stratejik Planlama Şubesi Müdürlüğü, Ankara. 2018.
  • M. Valdez, Effects of unbalanced approach volumes on roundabout operations. ETD Collection for University of Texas, El Paso. 2010.https://scholarworks.utep.edu/ open_etd/2603
  • K.W. Huddart, Signaling of Hyde Park corner, elephant and castle and other roundabouts. PTRC 11th Summer Annual Meeting, Proceedings of Seminar K, 193–208. 1983.
  • J. Krogscheepers, C. Roebuck, Unbalanced traffic volumes at roundabouts. In: Fourth International Symposium on Highway Capacity, Hawaii, USA. 2000.
  • A. Tunç, Trafik Mühendisliği ve Uygulamaları. 1. Baskı, Asil Yayın Dağıtım, 790, 2003.
  • R. Akçelik, Roundabouts with unbalanced flow patterns. Presented at the ITE Annual Meeting and Exhibit, Lake Buena Vista, Florida. 2004.
  • T. Aydemir ve S. Tanyel, 2005. Çok şeritli dönel kavşaklar üzerinde OD matrisinin etkisi, 6. Ulaştırma Kongresi, 23-25 Mayıs, İstanbul.
  • Main Roads Western Australia, Guidelines for the Selection of Intersection Control, 2015.
  • C. R. Stevens, Signals and meters at roundabouts. In: The 2005 Mid-continent Transportation Research Symposium, Ames, Iowa, USA. 2005.
  • Department for Transport. Local Transport Note 1/09, Signal Controlled Roundabouts. 2009.
  • T. Tollazzi Alternative Types of Roundabouts at Development Phases. In: Alternative Types of Roundabouts. Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic, 6. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. 2015.
  • M. S. Hallworth, Signalling Roundabouts. Traffic Engineering and Control 33.6, 354–363. 1992.
  • E. Natalizio, Roundabouts with Metering signals. Presented at ITE Annual Meeting, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 2005.
  • K. Sides, Assessing the clearwater beach entryway roundabout. In: Institute of Transportation Engineers 2000 Annual Meeting and Exhibit, Tennessee, USA. 2000.
  • R. Akçelik, An Investigation of the performance of roundabouts with metering signals. Presented at TRB National Roundabout Conference, Kansas City, Missouri, USA. 2008.
  • N.Z. Herald, Tauranga’s Barkes Corner roundabout metering to begin next week. https://www.nzherald. co.nz/bay-of-plenty times/news/taurangas-barkes-corner-roundabout-metering-to-begin-next week/abo24wdrwıv4gvbu3qıtbphavm/. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • WSDOT, SR 240 - Steptoe roundabout traffic metering.https://wsdot.wa.gov/projects/sr240/steptoe-roundabout/home. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • New Zealand Transport Agency, SH2 Elizabeth Street roundabout metering. https://www.nzta.govt.nz/ projects/sh2-elizabeth-street-roundabout-metering. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • KTVZ, Bend reviewing results of metered roundabout test.https://ktvz.com/videos/localvideos/2020/04/23/bend-reviewing-results-of-metered-roundabout-test/. Erişim tarihi 13 Ekim 2020.
  • Z. Çakıcı, Sinyalize dönel (yuvarlakada) kavşakların tasarım esaslarının araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli. 2014.
  • L. Rodegerdts, J. Bansen, C. Tiesler, J. Knudsen, E. Myers, M. Johnson, M. Moule, B. Persaud, C. Lyon, S. Hallmark, H. Isebrands, R. Crown, B. Guichet and A. O’Brien. NCHRP Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, 2nd ed. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., USA. 2010.
  • VicRoads, Supplement to austroads guide to traffic management Part 6: Intersections, Interchanges and Crossings (2013). 2015.
  • R.Akçelik, Capacity and performance analysis of roundabout metering signals. Presented at TRB National Roundabout Conference, Vail, Colorado, USA. 2005.
  • New Zealand Transport Agency, Traffic Note 60, 2011. https://www.nzta.govt.nz/assets/resources/traffic-notes/docs/traffic-note-60.pdf. Erişim tarihi 14 Ekim 2020.
  • R. Akçelik, Roundabout metering signals: capacity, performance, and Timing. Presented at 6th International Symposium on Highway Capacity, TRB, Stockholm, Sweden. 2011.
  • L. G. H. Fortuijn, Robustness of roundabout metering systems (RMS). In Transportation Research Board 4th International Roundabout Conference, Seattle, USA. 2014.
  • Austroads, Guide to Traffic Management Part 6: Intersections, Interchanges and Crossing. 2017.
  • Google Maps, https://www.google.com/maps/@-38.0056606,145.0862517,3a,73.8y,237.64h,91.36t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sDQP_PEZLxIkryipX06snCQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656. Erişim tarihi 15 Ekim 2020
  • M. Zadid and W. Yue, Comparison of a roundabout model using aaSIDRA and PARAMICS. Papers of the 32nd Australasian Transport Research Forum ATRF, Auckland, New Zealand. 2009.
  • H. K. An, W. L. Yue and B. Stazic, Dual signal roundabout evaluation in Adelaide using SIDRA and AIMSUN. Road & Transport Research: A Journal of Australian and New Zealand Research and Practice, 26(2), Jun 2017, 36-49. 2017.
  • R. Akçelik, Operating Cost, Fuel consumption and pollutant emission savings at a roundabout with metering signals. Presented at the ARRB 22nd Conference, Canberra, Australia. 2006.
  • A. Abdelfatah and M. Alozn, Comparing roundabout and metered roundabout performance under different traffic conditions. International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, 8(2), 178-182. 2019.
  • H. K. An, W. L. Yue and B. Stazic, Estimation of vehicle queuing lengths at metering roundabouts. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 4, 545-554. 2017.
  • M. Mosslemi, Using metering signals at roundabouts with unbalanced flows to ımprove the traffic condition: the case study of kannik area in Stavanger (Dissertation). Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/ resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16429. 2008.
  • D. G. Geers, P. Tyler, B. Hengst, E. Huang and D. Quail, Enhanced roundabout metering. Papers of the 16th ITS World Congress and Exhibition on Intelligent Transport Systems, Stockholm, Sweden. 2009.
  • A. Buasali, broadening understanding of roundabout operation analysis: planning-level tools and signal application, Civil Engineering Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research. 113. University of Nebraska - Lincoln, USA. 2017.
  • J. E. Hummer, J. S. Milazzo II, B. Schroeder and K. Salamadi, Potential for metering to help roundabouts manage peak period demands in the United States. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2402, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., USA, 56–66. 2014.
  • M. Martin-Gasulla, A. Garcia, A.T. Moreno, Benefits of metering signals at roundabouts with unbalanced flow:patterns in Spain. Transportation Research Record 2585, 20-28. 2016.
  • M. Martin-Gasulla, A. Garcia, A.T. Moreno and C. Llorca, Capacity and operational improvements of metering roundabouts in Spain. Transportation Research Procedia 15, 295-307. 2016.
  • Y. Duan, X. Qu, S. Easa and Y. Yan, Optimizing total entry delay at roundabouts with unbalanced flow: A dynamic strategy for smart metering. IET Intelligent Transport Systems. 13. 485-494. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-its.2018.5180
  • K. Mahmood, Improving roundabout performance using roundabout metering technique. Electronic Thesis or Dissertation. University of Akron, 2016.
  • X. Ma, P. Yi, and V. Bolla, Priority metering control for an urban circular ıntersection. Civil Engineering Journal; Prague Iss. 2,292-304. 2019.
  • P. Fernandes, J. Teixeira, C. Guarnaccia, J.M. Bandeira, E. Macedo and M.C. Coelho, The Potential of metering roundabouts: ınfluence in transportation externalities. Transportation Research Record, 2672(25), 21–34. 2018.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Civil Engineering
Authors

Hakan Ordu 0000-0003-0304-3623

Ufuk Kırbaş 0000-0002-2389-425X

Publication Date July 27, 2021
Submission Date February 1, 2021
Acceptance Date May 5, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ordu, H., & Kırbaş, U. (2021). Dönel kavşaklarda meydana gelen dengesiz akımlara bir çözüm önerisi olarak kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), 674-683. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.872504
AMA Ordu H, Kırbaş U. Dönel kavşaklarda meydana gelen dengesiz akımlara bir çözüm önerisi olarak kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. July 2021;10(2):674-683. doi:10.28948/ngumuh.872504
Chicago Ordu, Hakan, and Ufuk Kırbaş. “Dönel kavşaklarda Meydana Gelen Dengesiz akımlara Bir çözüm önerisi Olarak kısmi Denetimli Sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 10, no. 2 (July 2021): 674-83. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.872504.
EndNote Ordu H, Kırbaş U (July 1, 2021) Dönel kavşaklarda meydana gelen dengesiz akımlara bir çözüm önerisi olarak kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 10 2 674–683.
IEEE H. Ordu and U. Kırbaş, “Dönel kavşaklarda meydana gelen dengesiz akımlara bir çözüm önerisi olarak kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması”, NOHU J. Eng. Sci., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 674–683, 2021, doi: 10.28948/ngumuh.872504.
ISNAD Ordu, Hakan - Kırbaş, Ufuk. “Dönel kavşaklarda Meydana Gelen Dengesiz akımlara Bir çözüm önerisi Olarak kısmi Denetimli Sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 10/2 (July 2021), 674-683. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.872504.
JAMA Ordu H, Kırbaş U. Dönel kavşaklarda meydana gelen dengesiz akımlara bir çözüm önerisi olarak kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. 2021;10:674–683.
MLA Ordu, Hakan and Ufuk Kırbaş. “Dönel kavşaklarda Meydana Gelen Dengesiz akımlara Bir çözüm önerisi Olarak kısmi Denetimli Sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 2, 2021, pp. 674-83, doi:10.28948/ngumuh.872504.
Vancouver Ordu H, Kırbaş U. Dönel kavşaklarda meydana gelen dengesiz akımlara bir çözüm önerisi olarak kısmi denetimli sinyalize dönel kavşaklar: Bir literatür araştırması. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. 2021;10(2):674-83.

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