A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles

Fatih Eroğlu; Efgan Uğur; Mehmet Kurtoğlu

Review

A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Fatih Eroğlu , Efgan Uğur , Mehmet Kurtoğlu

Abstract

The growing demand for efficient and sustainable electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated research into hybrid energy storage systems (HESS), which combine the strengths of multiple energy sources such as batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. To ensure efficient power sharing, improved system performance, and increased system lifespan, the integration of effective energy management strategies (EMSs) is essential in such configurations. This review provides an overview of EMS applied to HESS-based EVs. Key strategies are categorized into rule-based, optimization-based, learning-based, and other approaches, each of which is introduced in terms of its architecture and control scheme. A comparative literature table is presented based on the recent publications to address the practical considerations of each method. Future prospects including the potential of artificial intelligence, real-time optimization, and next-generation storage technologies are presented. This paper aims to support ongoing research and practical applications by overviewing current advancements and discovering future prospects in energy management for HESS-based EVs.

Keywords

Energy management strategies , Control architectures , Hybrid energy storage system , Electric vehicles

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Elektrikli araçlarda hibrit enerji depolama sistemleri için enerji yönetim stratejilerinin incelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Fatih Eroğlu , Efgan Uğur , Mehmet Kurtoğlu

Abstract

Verimli ve sürdürülebilir elektrikli araçlara (EV’ler) yönelik artan talep, bataryalar, süper kapasitörler ve yakıt hücreleri gibi birden fazla enerji kaynağının güçlü yönlerini bir araya getiren hibrit enerji depolama sistemlerine (HEDS) yönelik araştırmaları hızlandırmıştır. Verimli güç paylaşımı, gelişmiş sistem performansı ve daha uzun sistem ömrü sağlamak için, bu tür konfigürasyonlarda etkili enerji yönetim stratejilerinin (EYS'ler) entegrasyonu esastır. Bu derleme, EV’lerde HEDS'e uygulanan EYS'ye genel bir bakış sunmaktadır. Temel stratejiler; kural tabanlı, optimizasyon tabanlı, öğrenme tabanlı ve diğer yaklaşımlar olarak kategorize edilmekte ve her biri mimarisi ve kontrol şeması açısından tanıtılmaktadır. Her bir yöntemin pratik yönlerini ele almak için son yayınlara dayalı karşılaştırmalı bir literatür tablosu sunulmuştur. Yapay zeka potansiyeli, gerçek zamanlı optimizasyon ve yeni nesil depolama teknolojileri de dahil olmak üzere geleceğe yönelik beklentiler sunulmaktadır. Bu makale, HEDS tabanlı EV’ler için enerji yönetiminde mevcut gelişmeleri gözden geçirerek ve gelecekteki beklentileri keşfederek devam eden araştırmalara ve pratik uygulamalara katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Enerji yönetim stratejileri , Kontrol mimarileri , Hibrit enerji depolama sistemi , Elektrikli araçlar

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Primary Language	English
Subjects	Electrical Energy Storage, Hybrid and Electric Vehicles and Powertrains
Journal Section	Articles
Authors	Fatih Eroğlu 0000-0001-6341-5949 Efgan Uğur 0000-0002-0842-0216 Mehmet Kurtoğlu 0000-0001-8713-6872
Early Pub Date	October 2, 2025
Publication Date	October 10, 2025
Submission Date	June 12, 2025
Acceptance Date	September 3, 2025
Published in Issue	Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

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APA	Eroğlu, F., Uğur, E., & Kurtoğlu, M. (2025). A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(4).
AMA	Eroğlu F, Uğur E, Kurtoğlu M. A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. October 2025;14(4).
Chicago	Eroğlu, Fatih, Efgan Uğur, and Mehmet Kurtoğlu. “A Review of Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems in Electric Vehicles”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14, no. 4 (October 2025).
EndNote	Eroğlu F, Uğur E, Kurtoğlu M (October 1, 2025) A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14 4
IEEE	F. Eroğlu, E. Uğur, and M. Kurtoğlu, “A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles”, NOHU J. Eng. Sci., vol. 14, no. 4, 2025.
ISNAD	Eroğlu, Fatih et al. “A Review of Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems in Electric Vehicles”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14/4 (October2025).
JAMA	Eroğlu F, Uğur E, Kurtoğlu M. A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. 2025;14.
MLA	Eroğlu, Fatih et al. “A Review of Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems in Electric Vehicles”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 4, 2025.
Vancouver	Eroğlu F, Uğur E, Kurtoğlu M. A review of energy management strategies for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. 2025;14(4).

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