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Comparative study of commercial cathode catalysts in solid oxide fuel cells

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 1271 - 1281, 15.10.2025

Çiğdem Timurkutluk

Abstract

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are among the most promising next-generation energy conversion technologies, primarily due to the advantages conferred by high operating temperatures, such as enhanced reaction kinetics and facilitated system integration. However, the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode is generally regarded as the rate-limiting step, owing to its complex multi-step mechanism and high activation energy requirements. In this context, the type, particle size, and distribution of catalyst powders used in the cathode functional layer are critical parameters that directly influence the final microstructure and, accordingly, the overall electrochemical performance. In this study, the applicability of six commercially available cathode catalyst powders, commonly used in SOFC applications, is systematically evaluated as the cathode component in anode-supported microtubular SOFCs. Cell fabrication is carried out using extrusion and dip-coating techniques, with only the cathode being varied to enable a reasonable comparison. The fabricated cells are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and their electrochemical performance is evaluated. The highest maximum power density, 0.424 W/cm2, is achieved in the cell utilizing the (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98MnO3 catalyst. In contrast, the lowest peak power density of 0.296 W/cm2 is obtained from the cell prepared with La0.6Sr0.4FeO3.

Keywords

Solid oxide fuel cells Cathode catalyst Cathode functional layer Electrochemical performance.

References

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Katı oksit yakıt pillerinde ticari katot katalizörlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 1271 - 1281, 15.10.2025

Çiğdem Timurkutluk

Abstract

Katı oksit yakıt pili (KOYP), yüksek çalışma sıcaklıklarının sağladığı reaksiyon kinetiği ve sistem entegrasyonu avantajları nedeniyle yeni nesil enerji dönüşüm teknolojileri arasında öne çıkmaktadır. Fakat KOYP katotta gerçekleşen oksijen indirgenme reaksiyonları, çok kademeli mekanizmalara ve yüksek aktivasyon enerjilerine ihtiyaç duyması nedeniyle genellikle sistemin sınırlayıcı basamağı olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, katot işlevsel tabaka (KİT) bileşeni olarak kullanılan katalizör tozlarının türü, partikül boyutu ve dağılımı; nihai gözeneklilik, reaksiyon bölgeleri ve elektrokimyasal etkinlik açısından belirleyici olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, anot destekli mikrotüp KOYP hücrelerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan altı farklı ticari katot katalizörünün KİT bileşeni olarak uygulanabilirliği değerlendirilmiştir. Hücre üretiminde ekstrüzyon ve daldırma kaplama yöntemleri kullanılmış, yalnızca KİT bileşeni değiştirilerek karşılaştırmalı analiz yapılmıştır. Hazırlanan hücreler, mikroyapısal olarak taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile incelenmiş ve elektrokimyasal performans testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. En yüksek maksimum güç yoğunluğu olan 0.424 W/cm2, (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98MnO3 katalizörü kullanılan hücrede ölçülmüştür. En düşük tepe güç yoğunluğu ise La0.6Sr0.4FeO3 ile hazırlanan hücreden 0.296 W/cm2 olarak elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

Katı oksit yakıt pili Katot katalizör Katot işlevsel tabaka Elektrokimyasal performans.

References

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  •    J. Rehman, M.B. Hanif, M.Z. Khan, M. Ullah, I.A. Starostina, M.T. Muhammad and Z. Li, A Review of Proton-Conducting Electrolytes for Efficient Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives. Energy & Fuels, 38 22637-22665, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1021 /acs.energyfuels.4c03683.
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  •    B. Timurkutluk, C. Timurkutluk, M.D. Mat and Y Kaplan, A review on cell/stack designs for high performance solid oxide fuel cells. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56, 1101-1121, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.034
  •    F.R. Bianchi, A.K. Padinjarethil, A. Hagen and B. Bosio, Multiscale analysis of Ni-YSZ and Ni-CGO anode based SOFC degradation: From local microstructural variation to cell electrochemical performance. Electrochimica Acta, 460, 142589, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142589.
  •    Q. Xu, Z. Guo, L. Xia, Q. He, Z. Li, I.T. Bello, K. Zheng and Ni, A comprehensive review of solid oxide fuel cells operating on various promising alternative fuels. Energy Conversion and Management, 253, 115175, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encon man.2021.115175.
  •    M. Singh, D. Zappa and E. Comini, Solid oxide fuel cell: Decade of progress, future perspectives and challenges. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46, 27643-27674, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijhydene.2021.06.020.
  •    S. Manishanma and A. Dutta, Synthesis and characterization of nickel doped LSM as possible cathode materials for LT-SOFC application. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 297, 127438, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2023.127438.
  •    H.-W. Kim, H.J. Kim, K.S. Yun, D.-H. Peck, J. Moon and J.H. Yu, Electrochemical characteristics of limiting current sensors with LSM-YSZ and LSM-CGO-YSZ composite electrodes. Ceramics International, 49, 21521-21529, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ceramint.2023.03.285.
  • E. Lee, H. Jeong, T.H. Shin and J.-h. Myung, Determination of the rate-determining step of the oxygen reduction reaction of La0. 8Sr0. 2MnO3 (LSM)-8mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ): Composition and microstructure. Ceramics International, 47, 1792-1797, 2021. https://doi.org /10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.09.005.
  • P. Vinchhi, M. Khandla, K. Chaudhary and R. Pati, Recent advances on electrolyte materials for SOFC: A review. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 152, 110724, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoc he.2023.110724.
  • Y. Yang, Y. Zhang and M. Yan, A review on the preparation of thin-film YSZ electrolyte of SOFCs by magnetron sputtering technology. Separation and Purification Technology, 298, 121627, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121627.
  • S. Vafaeenezhad, A.R. Hanifi, M.A. Laguna-Bercero, T.H. Etsell and P. Sarkar, Microstructure and long-term stability of Ni–YSZ anode supported fuel cells: a review. Materials Futures, 1, 042101, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5724/ac88e7.
  • H. Seo, M. Kishimoto, T. Nakagawa, H. Iwai and H. Yoshida, Mechanism of improved electrochemical performance of anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells by mesostructural modification of electrode–electrolyte interface. Journal of Power Sources, 506, 230107, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230107.
  • G. Cai, Y. Zhang, H. Dai, S. He, L. Ge, H. Chen and L. Guo, Modification of electrode/electrolyte interface by laser micro-processing for solid oxide fuel cell. Materials Letters, 195, 232-235, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.02.095.
  • M. Kishimoto, H. Iwai, M. Saito and H. Yoshida, Characteristic length of oxide-ion conduction for prediction of active thickness in SOFC anode. ECS Transactions, 57, 2515, 2013. https://doi .org/10.1149/05701.2515ecst.
  • K. Yuan, Y. Ji and J. Chung, Physics-based modeling of a low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with consideration of microstructure and interfacial effects. Journal of Power Sources, 194, 908-919, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.05.045.
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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Mechanical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Çiğdem Timurkutluk 0000-0002-8672-993X

Early Pub Date August 11, 2025
Publication Date October 15, 2025
Submission Date June 24, 2025
Acceptance Date July 22, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Timurkutluk, Ç. (2025). Katı oksit yakıt pillerinde ticari katot katalizörlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(4), 1271-1281. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1725949
AMA Timurkutluk Ç. Katı oksit yakıt pillerinde ticari katot katalizörlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. October 2025;14(4):1271-1281. doi:10.28948/ngumuh.1725949
Chicago Timurkutluk, Çiğdem. “Katı Oksit Yakıt Pillerinde Ticari Katot Katalizörlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14, no. 4 (October 2025): 1271-81. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1725949.
EndNote Timurkutluk Ç (October 1, 2025) Katı oksit yakıt pillerinde ticari katot katalizörlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14 4 1271–1281.
IEEE Ç. Timurkutluk, “Katı oksit yakıt pillerinde ticari katot katalizörlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi”, NOHU J. Eng. Sci., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1271–1281, 2025, doi: 10.28948/ngumuh.1725949.
ISNAD Timurkutluk, Çiğdem. “Katı Oksit Yakıt Pillerinde Ticari Katot Katalizörlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 14/4 (October2025), 1271-1281. https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1725949.
JAMA Timurkutluk Ç. Katı oksit yakıt pillerinde ticari katot katalizörlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. 2025;14:1271–1281.
MLA Timurkutluk, Çiğdem. “Katı Oksit Yakıt Pillerinde Ticari Katot Katalizörlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi”. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 4, 2025, pp. 1271-8, doi:10.28948/ngumuh.1725949.
Vancouver Timurkutluk Ç. Katı oksit yakıt pillerinde ticari katot katalizörlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi. NOHU J. Eng. Sci. 2025;14(4):1271-8.
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