Soğuk Savaş Sonrası Dönemde Özel Askeri Şirketlerin Değişen Rolü

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 51 - 61, 01.04.2019

Selçuk Denek

Abstract

Küreselleşen Dünya ile birlikte son yıllarda birçok ülke nükleer silahlar, kıtalararası balistik füzeler ve yüksek teknolojili silahlar gibi gereğinden fazla askeri materyale sahip olmaya çalışmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, geçmişte devletlerinyapmakla sorumlu olduğu tüm hizmetler artık özel sektör tarafından yapılır hale gelmeye başlamıştır. Soğuk savaş döneminden sonra ise sınır güvenliği, devlet başkanlarının korunması, sınır ötesi faaliyetler, istihbarat ve güvenlik stratejileri gibi askeri konular artık özel sektör kuruluşları tarafından karşılanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada “soğuk savaşın ne olduğu”, “özel askeri şirketlerin ne anlama geldiği” ve “soğuk savaş sonrası dönemde özel sektörün sunduğu güvenlik endüstrisinin değişimi” ile ilgili konular açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar kelimeler: Soğuk Savaş, Özel Askeri Şirketler, Özel Güvenlik Endüstrisi

Keywords

özel askeri şirketler, soğuk savaş, özel güvenlik şirketleri

Changing Role of Private Military Contractors after the Cold War

Abstract

In recent years, with the globalising world, countries are trying to obtain too many military equipment such as nuclear weapons, continental rockets, and high-tech armours. On the other hand, every service is becoming more private which used to belong to the government in history. After the cold war era, security details such as border security, presidential protection, abroad activities, intelligence, and security strategy are provided by private organisations. This study tries to explain what is ‘cold war? , what is a private military company? What is the change for the private military industry after cold war?’

Keywords: Cold War, Private Military Companies, Private Military Industry

References

• 1. Akcinaroglu, Seden and Elizabeth Radziszewski. 2012. Private Military Companies, Opportunities, and Termination of Civil Wars in Africa. Journal of Conflict Resolution 2013 57: 795 originally published online 28 June 2012. DOI:10.1177/0022002712449325. http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/57/5/795.
• 2. Alexandra, Andrew, Deane-Peter Baker, and Marina Caparini. 2008. The Ethics and Governance of Private Military and Security Companies. Private Military and Security Companies: Ethic, Policies, and Civil-Military Relations, edited by Andrew Alexandra, Deane-Peter Baker, and Marina Caparini. p.1-17. New York: Routledge Military Studies.
• 3. Alexandra, Andrew. 2008. Mars Meets Mammon. Private Military and Security Companies: Ethic, Policies, and Civil-Military Relations, edited by Andrew Alexandra, Deane-Peter Baker, and Marina Caparini. p.89-102. New York: Routledge Military Studies.
• 4. Ballard, Kyle M. 2007. The Privatization of Military Affairs: A Historical Look into the Evolution of the Private Military Industry. Private Military and Security Companies: Chances, Problems, Pitfalls, and Prospects, edited by Thomas Jager, Gerhard Kummel. P.37-55. Netherlands.
• 5. Brooks, Doug, and Matan Chorev. 2008. Ruthless Humanitarism: Why Marginalizing Private Peacekeeping Kills People. Private Military and Security Companies: Ethic, Policies, and Civil-Military Relations, edited by Andrew Alexandra, Deane-Peter Baker, and Marina Caparini. p.116-131. New York: Routledge Military Studies.
• 6. Brooks, Doug. 2000. Messiahs or mercenaries? The future of international private military services, International Peacekeeping, 7:4,129-144, DOI: 10.1080/13533310008413867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13533310008413867.
• 7. Ciftci, Kemal. 2009. United States in the Post-Cold War: From "Hegemony" to "Imperial" Order Based on "Consent". ZKU Journal of Social Sciences, Volume 5, Number 10, 2009, pp. 203–219.
• 8. Frost, Mervyn. 2008. Regulating Anarchy: the Ethics of PMCs in Global Civil Society. Private Military and Security Companies: Ethic, Policies, and Civil-Military Relations, edited by Andrew Alexandra, Deane-Peter Baker, and Marina Caparini. p.43-56. New York: Routledge Military Studies.
• 9. Kantarci, Senol. 2012. The Structure of Post Cold War International System: Is the Name of the New Era “Period Of Coalitions?”. Journal of Security Strategies (Güvenlik Stratejileri Dergisi), issue: 16 / 2012, pages: 47-84.
• 10. Prado, Jose L. G. D. 2011. Impact on Human Rights of a New Non-State Actor: Private Military and Security Companies. The Brown Journal of World Affairs. Fall/Winter 2011 volume xviii, issue 1.
• 11. Runzo, Joseph. 2008. Benevolence, Honourable Soldier and Private Military Companies: Reformulating Just War Theory. Private Military and Security Companies: Ethic, Policies, and Civil-Military Relations, edited by Andrew Alexandra, Deane-Peter Baker, and Marina Caparini. p.56-70. New York: Routledge Military Studies.
• 12. Shearer, David. 1998. Outsourcing War. Foreign Policy, No. 112 (Autumn, 1998), pp. 68-81. Accessed: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1149036. Access date: 20/11/2013.
• 13. Singer, Peter Warren. 2001. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry and Its Ramifications for International Security. International Security, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Winter 2001/02), pp. 186–220.
• 14. Singer, Peter Warren. 2003. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry. p. 45. New York: Cornell University Press.
• 15. Steinhoff, Uwe. 2008. What are Mercenaries? Private Military and Security Companies: Ethic, Policies, and Civil-Military Relations, edited by Andrew Alexandra, Deane-Peter Baker, and Marina Caparini. p.19-30. New York: Routledge Military Studies.
• 16. Wulf, Herbert. 2011. The Privatization of Violence: A Challenge to State-Building and the Monopoly on Force. The Brown Journal of World Affairs. Fall/Winter 2011 volume xviii, issue 1.
• 17. Yalcinkaya, Haldun. 2006. The Formation of a Private Military Sector and the Privatization of Wars. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, volume: 61 number: 3.
• 18. Yeoman, Barry. 2003. Soldiers of Good Fortune. Mother Jones. http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2003/05/soldiers-good-fortune. Access date : 20/11/2013.
• 19. Zabci, Filiz Çulha. 2003. "Secret Face of Modern Warfare: Private Military Companies,". Mülkiye (C. XXVIII, S.243): 24-37.