Year 2022,
, 105 - 110, 16.09.2022
Abdulkerim Olğun
,
Mehmet Hakan Şahin
,
Mete Zeynal
,
Mehmet Kürşat Karadağ
,
Rabia Demirtaş
,
Ozgur Caglar
,
Mehmet Aydin
References
- 1. Crowe R, Mitsou J, McGrouther DA, Burnstock G. An increase in the growth of hair associated with hyperinnervation of the underlying vessels in rabbit skin. Neurosci Lett 1993: 161: 105-8.
- 2. Wang K, Jin P, Lu P, et al. Filament inadequate wall apposition of the different ends of flow diverters in the abdominal aorta of rabbits. Neuroradiol J 2020: 33: 32-38.
- 3. Angus JA, Dyke AC, Jennings GL, et al. Release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from resistance arteries in hypertension. Kidney Int Suppl 1992: 37: S73-8.
- 4. Zheng Z, Shimamura K, Anthony TL, Travagli RA, Kreulen DL. Nitric oxide is a sensory nerve neurotransmitter in the mesenteric artery of guinea pig. J Auton Nerv Syst 1997: 67: 137-44.
- 5. Caglar O, Firinci B, Aydin ME, et al. First emerging evidence of the relationship between Onuf's nucleus degeneration and reduced sperm number following spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage: Experimental study. Andrologia 2021: 53: e14030.
- 6. Caglar O, Firinci B, Aydin MD, et al. Disruption of the network between Onuf's nucleus and myenteric ganglia, and developing Hirschsprung-like disease following spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage: an experimental study. Int J Neurosci 2019: 129: 1076-84.
- 7. Kilic M, Kilic B, Aydin MD, et al. The casual association of cervical spinal cord ischemia and axonal degeneration in second motor neuron following subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study. J Clin Neurosci 2019: 66: 235-38.
- 8. Yolas C, Kanat A, Aydin MD, et al. The Important Liaison Between Onuf Nucleus-Pudendal Nerve Ganglia Complex Degeneration and Urinary Retention in Spinal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study. World Neurosurg 2016: 89: 208-14.
- 9. Ozturk C, Kanat A, Aydin MD, et al. The impact of L5 dorsal root ganglion degeneration and Adamkiewicz artery vasospasm on descending colon dilatation following spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage: An experimental study; first report. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine 2015: 6: 69-75.
- 10. Chen SZ. [Re-establishment of sensory function of flaps by nerve implantation]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi 1991: 7: 164-7, 237.
- 11. Wang M, Yang S, Cao Z, Hu S. Application of acellular tissue matrix for enhancement of weak abdominal wall in animal model. BioMed Research International 2020: 2020.
- 12. Ishitake T. Hemodynamic changes in skin microcirculation induced by vibration stress in the conscious rabbit. Kurume Med J 1990: 37: 235-45.
- 13. Karl P, Tilgner-Peter A. [Experimental microsurgery of blood vessels and nerves in laboratory animals and their importance for plastic surgery]. Z Exp Chir 1979: 12: 368-78.
- 14. Frederiksen H, Mortensen A, Schrøder M, et al. Effects of red grape skin and seed extract supplementation on atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Mol Nutr Food Res 2007: 51: 564-71.
- 15. Wilson YT, Kumta S, Hickey MJ, Hurley JV, Morrison WA. Use of free interpositional vein grafts as pedicles for prefabrication of skin flaps. Microsurgery 1994: 15: 717-21.
- 16. Turkmenoglu ON, Kanat A, Yolas C, et al. First report of important causal relationship between the Adamkiewicz artery vasospasm and dorsal root ganglion cell degeneration in spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage: An experimental study using a rabbit model. Asian J Neurosurg 2017: 12: 22-27.
Hazardous Effects of Lumbar Somatosensitive Dorsal Root Ganglion Ischemia on Abdominal Skin Following Spinal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The First Experimental Study
Year 2022,
, 105 - 110, 16.09.2022
Abdulkerim Olğun
,
Mehmet Hakan Şahin
,
Mete Zeynal
,
Mehmet Kürşat Karadağ
,
Rabia Demirtaş
,
Ozgur Caglar
,
Mehmet Aydin
Abstract
Giriş: Alt karın bölgesi cilt bölgesinin (LARS) somatosensitif innervasyonu esas olarak lomber spinal dorsal kök ganglionlarının (DRG) somatosensitif lifleri tarafından yönetilir. Birinci lomber DRG'nin (L1) dejenere nöron yoğunlukları (DND) ile subaraknoid kanama (SAH) sonrası LARS'nin toplam doku canlılığı skoru (TVS) arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını araştırdık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma 20 tavşan üzerinde yapıldı. Tüm hayvanlar Kontrol grubu (n=5), SHAM grubu (n=5) ve çalışma grubu (n=10) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. SHAM grubu için lomber spinal subaraknoid boşluğa 0,5 cc salin solüsyonu ve çalışma grubu için genel anestezi altında lomber spinal subaraknoid boşluğa 0,5 cc otolog kan enjekte edildi. Tüm hayvanlar üç hafta takip edildi ve sakrifiye edildi. L1 DRG'nin DND'si (n/mm3) ve LARS'ın histopatolojik değişiklikleri incelendi. Milimetre kare başına tüy dökülmesi için belirlenen bir değer (n): 1 puan(P); n<5 ise, 2P 10>n>5 ise; n>10 ise 3P. Deri kalınlığı mikrometre (Tm) olarak T>700m ise 1P, 600m 400m ise 2P, T<400m ise 3P olarak puanlandı. Değerlendirme, toplam 12 puanlık doku canlılığı skoru (TVS) üzerinden yapıldı. TVS>10 ise cilt normal kabul edilir; 106 ise, orta derecede hasar görmüş; TVS < 7 ise, ciddi şekilde hasar görmüştür. DND ve TVS değerleri Mann Witney U testi ile analiz edildi.
Bulgular: L1 DRG (n/mm3) ve TVS değerlerinin ortalama DND'si kontrolde 13±3/11±1; SHAM'da 34±8/8±2 ve çalışma grubunda 263±44/<6. İstatistiksel değerler: p<0.05 (Kontrol/SHAM), p<0.0005 (SHAM/Çalışma) ve p<0.0001 (Kontrol/Çalışma).
Sonuç: SAK sonrası DRG iskemisinden kaynaklanan somatosensitif innervasyon eksikliği, rekonstrüktif cerrahide önemli olabilecek LARS'nin bozulmasına neden olabilir.
References
- 1. Crowe R, Mitsou J, McGrouther DA, Burnstock G. An increase in the growth of hair associated with hyperinnervation of the underlying vessels in rabbit skin. Neurosci Lett 1993: 161: 105-8.
- 2. Wang K, Jin P, Lu P, et al. Filament inadequate wall apposition of the different ends of flow diverters in the abdominal aorta of rabbits. Neuroradiol J 2020: 33: 32-38.
- 3. Angus JA, Dyke AC, Jennings GL, et al. Release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from resistance arteries in hypertension. Kidney Int Suppl 1992: 37: S73-8.
- 4. Zheng Z, Shimamura K, Anthony TL, Travagli RA, Kreulen DL. Nitric oxide is a sensory nerve neurotransmitter in the mesenteric artery of guinea pig. J Auton Nerv Syst 1997: 67: 137-44.
- 5. Caglar O, Firinci B, Aydin ME, et al. First emerging evidence of the relationship between Onuf's nucleus degeneration and reduced sperm number following spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage: Experimental study. Andrologia 2021: 53: e14030.
- 6. Caglar O, Firinci B, Aydin MD, et al. Disruption of the network between Onuf's nucleus and myenteric ganglia, and developing Hirschsprung-like disease following spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage: an experimental study. Int J Neurosci 2019: 129: 1076-84.
- 7. Kilic M, Kilic B, Aydin MD, et al. The casual association of cervical spinal cord ischemia and axonal degeneration in second motor neuron following subarachnoid hemorrhage: Experimental study. J Clin Neurosci 2019: 66: 235-38.
- 8. Yolas C, Kanat A, Aydin MD, et al. The Important Liaison Between Onuf Nucleus-Pudendal Nerve Ganglia Complex Degeneration and Urinary Retention in Spinal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study. World Neurosurg 2016: 89: 208-14.
- 9. Ozturk C, Kanat A, Aydin MD, et al. The impact of L5 dorsal root ganglion degeneration and Adamkiewicz artery vasospasm on descending colon dilatation following spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage: An experimental study; first report. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine 2015: 6: 69-75.
- 10. Chen SZ. [Re-establishment of sensory function of flaps by nerve implantation]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi 1991: 7: 164-7, 237.
- 11. Wang M, Yang S, Cao Z, Hu S. Application of acellular tissue matrix for enhancement of weak abdominal wall in animal model. BioMed Research International 2020: 2020.
- 12. Ishitake T. Hemodynamic changes in skin microcirculation induced by vibration stress in the conscious rabbit. Kurume Med J 1990: 37: 235-45.
- 13. Karl P, Tilgner-Peter A. [Experimental microsurgery of blood vessels and nerves in laboratory animals and their importance for plastic surgery]. Z Exp Chir 1979: 12: 368-78.
- 14. Frederiksen H, Mortensen A, Schrøder M, et al. Effects of red grape skin and seed extract supplementation on atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Mol Nutr Food Res 2007: 51: 564-71.
- 15. Wilson YT, Kumta S, Hickey MJ, Hurley JV, Morrison WA. Use of free interpositional vein grafts as pedicles for prefabrication of skin flaps. Microsurgery 1994: 15: 717-21.
- 16. Turkmenoglu ON, Kanat A, Yolas C, et al. First report of important causal relationship between the Adamkiewicz artery vasospasm and dorsal root ganglion cell degeneration in spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage: An experimental study using a rabbit model. Asian J Neurosurg 2017: 12: 22-27.