Gıda Patojenlerinin Tanısında Kullanılan NanoBoyutlu İmmünosensör Tasarımı

Abstract

Nanoboyutlu malzemelerin günümüzdeki kullanım alanları giderek artmaktadır. Yapılan birçok çalışmada nanopartiküllerin üzerineçeşitli ligantlar bağlanarak hedefe yönelik gıda patojenlerinin yüksek hassasiyette teşhis ve ayırım çalışmaları sürdürülmektedir.Ligant olarak nanopartiküllerin yüzeylerine, özel antikor modifikasyonları ile immünolojik yöntemler kullanılarak bakterilerin,virüslerin ya da toksinlerin özgün ve doğru bir şekilde seçilimi hedeflenmektedir. Son yıllarda besinlerdeki bakteri patojenlerininteşhisi için yüksek hassasiyete sahip sensörler üretilmiştir. Gıda yoluyla bulaşan patojenlerin neden olduğu zehirlenmeler genelliklesüt ve süt ürünleri, et ve et ürünlerinin tüketilmesi ile olmaktadır. Gıda patojenleri ile kontaminasyon gıda endüstrisinde karşılaşılanen önemli sorun olmakla birlikte bu organizmaların belirlenmesinde kullanılan protokoller uzun ve yüksek maliyetlidir. Yapılançalışmalarda nanosensörlerin geliştirilerek bu patojenlerin hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde algılanıp tanılanması hedeflenmiştir.Bakterilerin hızlı bir şekilde tanımlanması, gıda güvenliğinin sağlanmasının yanı sıra, tıbbi teşhis konulmasında, ilaç üretiminde,terör ile mücadelede de oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir.

Keywords

• Nanopartikül,immünosensörler,antikor

Abstract

Nowadays, the application areas of nano scale materials are increasing. In many studies the targeted diagnosis and distinguishing of food pathogens by attaching various ligands on nanoparticles are continuing to be investigated. Specially modified antibodies and immunologic methods are employed as ligands to select bacteria, viruses and toxins specifically and accurately to be attached to surfaces of nanoparticles. In recent years highly sensitive sensors have been produced for diagnosis of bacterial pathogens in foods. Poisonings caused by pathogens infecting via foods are generally caused by consumption of milk and its products, and meat and meat products. Even though contamination with food pathogens is a frequent and important problem for food industry, the protocols used for diagnosis of these organisms take a long time and are expensive. In conducted studies have targeted development of nanosensors that can diagnose these pathogens quickly and reliably. Diagnosis of bacteria quickly has important applications in not only food safety, but also in medical diagnosis, drug production, and fight against terror.

Keywords

• Nanoparticle,immunosensor,antibody

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