THE IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS (SES) OF FAMILIES ON THE CHILDHOOD OBESITY IN TÜRKİYE

Year 2023, Volume: 45, 28 - 46, 31.12.2023

Nazan Yardım

Abstract

In Türkiye obesity is one of the public health problems. The study focuses on childhood obesity and socioeconomic status (SES), the linkages between socioeconomic status (SES) and childhood obesity. The data of the study are from the Turkey Childhood Obesity Surveillance 2016 with a representative sample. The dependent variable is obesity, the main independent variable is the SES index constructed to identify the socioeconomic status of the family. In this study, 1 out of 10 7-year- old children is obese. The results reinforce the importance of SES in determining the obesity status of children. The higher SES is found to be significantly related to a higher risk of childhood obesity. Male sex is a predictor of obesity both of univariate and multivariate analysis. To be male, children using a vehicle for school transportation, whose mother and/or father are/is obese, whose birthweight was over 3,500 gr are found to be under the elevated risk of obesity. Children who do not do a physical activity or make less than 1 hour a day, the risk of obesity is approximately two times higher. Children who eat pizza and other pastries frequently are 1.3 times more likely to be obese than children who seldom eat such dishes. The results of the study suggest that the tackle against obesity should start from childhood.

Keywords

SES, obesity, childhood, diet, Türkiye

TÜRKİYE’DE AİLELERİN SOSYOEKONOMİK DURUMUNUN (SED) ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI OBEZİTESİNE ETKİSİ

Abstract

Türkiye’de obezite halk sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Çalışma çocuklukta obezite ve sosyoekonomik durum (SED) arasındaki bağlantılara odaklanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri temsili bir örneklemle Türkiye Çocukluk Çağı Obezite Araştırması 2016’dan alınmıştır. Bağımlı değişken obezite, temel bağımsız değişken ise ailenin sosyoekonomik durumunu belirlemek için oluşturulan SED endeksidir. Bu çalışma 7 yaşındaki her 10 çocuktan birini obez olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sonuçlar çocukların obezite durmunun belirlenmesinde SED’un önemini güçlendirmektedir. Daha yüksek SED’un, çocuklukta obezite riskinin daha yüksek olmasıyla önemli ölçüde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Erkek cinsiyeti hem tek değişkenli hem de çok değişkenli analizde obezitenin bir göstergesidir. Erkek olan, okul ulaşımı için araç kullanan, anne ve/veya babası obez olan, doğum ağırlığı 3.500 gr’ın üzerinde olan çocukların yüksek obezite riski altında olduğu belirlendi. Fiziksel aktivite yapmayan veya etkinliğe günde bir saatten az zaman harcayan çocuklarda obezite riski yaklaşık iki kat daha fazladır. Pizza ve diğer hamur işlerini sık sık yiyen çocukların obez olma olasılığı, bu tür yemekleri nadiren yiyen çocuklara göre 1,3 kat daha fazladır. Araştırmanın sonuçları obeziteyle mücadelenin çocukluktan itibaren başlaması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

SED, obezite, çocukluk, diyet, Türkiye

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