YÜKSEK BYNALARDA GÜNCEL YAKLA?IMLAR: DÖNER FORMLAR

Abstract

YÜKSEK BYNALAR KENTSEL ALAN YÇYNDE OLDUKÇA YÜKSEK BYR SEMBOLYK DE?ERE SAHYPTYR. MYMARLAR VE MÜHENDYSLER ÇO?UNLUKLA KENTSEL ALAN YÇYNDE TEK DEFAYA ÖZGÜ, YKONYK NYTELYKTE YAPILAR TASARLAMAYI HEDEFLEMEKTEDYR. MYMAR YÇYN ÖNCELYKLY OLAN YÜKSEK BYR BYNANIN FORMU VE ESTETY?Y ÖNEM TA?IRKEN, MÜHENDYS YÇYN ÖNCELYKLY OLAN BU YAPININ YÜKLERE KAR?I GÜVENLY TASARIMIDIR. YENYLYKÇY YÜKSEK BYNA TASARIM YAKLA?IMI UZMANLIK GEREKTYREN BYR KONU OLUP, BU ALANDA MYMARLARIN ÜSTLENDY?Y ROL ÇOK ÖNEMLYDYR. BUGÜN DÖNER FORMLAR VE CEPHELER ÇA?DA? YÜKSEK BYNA MYMARYSYNDE OLDUKÇA YLGY ÇEKYCY BYR YAKLA?IM OLARAK KAR?IMIZA ÇIKMAKTADIR. ULUSLARARASI DÖNEMYN GELENEKSEL, PRYZMATYK HACYMLY YÜKSEK YAPILARINA BYR TEPKY OLARAK ORTAYA ÇIKAN BU FORMLARIN YLK VE EN ÇARPICI ÖRNE?Y SANTIAGO CALATRAVA TARAFINDAN TASARLANMI? OLAN MALMÖ'DEKY TURNING TORSO'DUR. BU YLK ÖRNE?Y DÜNYA GENELYNDE BYRÇOK UYGULAMA YZLEMY?TYR. YÜKSEK BYR BYNANIN DÖNER CEPHELERY FARKLI BAKI? AÇILARINDAN, DE?Y?KEN GÖRÜNÜMLER SUNMAKTA, BU ÖZELLYKLY?Y YLE YAPI YKONYK BYR KARAKTER KAZANMAKTADIR. ANCAK BU TÜR YAPILARIN TASARIMI VE YAPIMI, HENÜZ ÇOK YENY BYR YAKLA?IM OLMALARI VE ÇOK SAYIDA GEOMETRYK AÇIDAN DE?Y?KEN BYLE?ENLERDEN OLU?MALARI NEDENYYLE BAZI ZORLUKLARI DA BERABERYNDE GETYRMEKTEDYR. BU ÇALI?MADA BU ZORLUKLARA YLY?KYN ÇÖZÜM ÖNERYLERY VE TASARIM YAKLA?IMLARI YNCELENMEKTEDYR. ÖNCELYKLE DÖNER FORMLARIN GEOMETRYK ÖZELLYKLERY ARA?TIRILMI? VE SYSTEMATYK BYR YAKLA?IMLA SINIFLANDIRILMI?TIR. DÖNEL FORMLARDA UYGULANAN STRÜKTÜREL SYSTEMLER YRDELENDYKTEN SONRA, TASARIM VE YAPIM SÜREÇLERYNDEKY GÜÇLÜKLERE DE?YNYLMY?, SON OLARAK DÜNYA GENELYNDE UYGULANAN VE YAPIM SÜRECY DEVAM ETMEKTE OLAN, DÖNEL FORMLARA SAHYP BYR DYZY YÜKSEK BYNA ÖRNE?Y HAKKINDA BYLGY VERYLMY?TYR.

Keywords

• YÜKSEK BYNALAR, DÖNER FORMLAR, TA?IYICI SYSTEM, CEPHE TASARIMI, DYYAGRYD STRÜKTÜRLER,

A RECENT TREND IN TALL BUILDING DESIGN: TWISTED FORMS

Öz

The symbolic value of a tall building is very powerful in an urban landscape, and its design is influenced by the opportunity to create a unique iconic architecture for the city. For architects and the public, the form of a tall building is the primary concern, and the attitude is critical toward the outcome of the design. The approach to designing evolutionary tall buildings is an open subject of professional debate, and the role of the architect is very important, from the point of view of form generation. Today, an interesting approach in contemporary tall building design is the twisting forms and facades, which are employed as a reaction to the boxed forms of the recent and the past. A very popular example of this form is the Turning Torso in Sweden, designed by Santiago Calatrava. Many other tall buildings with twisting forms are designed and constructed worldwide, to achieve iconic structures for the cities. Twisting facades of a tall building perform various surface effects reflecting, refracting and distorting views of the city. However architecturally, structurally and aesthetically, it is a complicated task to develop a twisting form for tall buildings due to the interrelationship of a huge number of building components. The objective of this paper is to explain the morphological scheme and geometrical properties of twisting forms in a systematical approach, and to discuss the difficulties of designation and construction, such as selecting the supporting structure and detailing the façade system. A number of case studies are also presented in the paper. The intention of the paper is to inspire continued interest in new concepts of tall building forms and to investigate the design process for architects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• TALL BUILDINGS, TWISTED FORMS, STRUCTURAL SYSTEM, FACADE DESIGN, DIAGRID STRUCTURES,