EXAMINATION OF THE PHENOMENON OF VIOLENCE TOWARDS HEALTH WORKERS IN THE CASE OF A STATE HOSPITAL

Abstract

In this study the different duties and units in a public hospital health care workers being exposed to violence rates in the last five years, the type and frequency of exposure to violence, and health care workers who are exposed to the violence applied by the competent authority reporting rates were determined. The study was carried out on a voluntary basis and to cover all the units in a State Hospital between the months of June and August of 2012. The data obtained from the participants gender, age, occupational group and work clinics were evaluated separately based on Chi-Square Test for statistical differences between them were audited. 82.7% of participants have been exposed to violence in the last five years. 81.2% of men and percent of women and 84.3% of them reported that they were exposed to violence in the last five years. Women are the most verbal violence and the men have been exposed to verbal+physical violence. 40.6% of men and 44.3% of women two or more times in the last five years have been exposed to violence. 28.6% of women faced with the phenomenon of violence defined the reporting, 71.4% informs, 10.1% of men reporting, 89.9% informs of the notice is the result. As a result, a large part of the employees in the light of these findings were obtained that are faced with the phenomenon of violence in the health sector, in order to reduce violence against workers by reviewing legislation to increase criminal sanctions, the creation of public awareness, it would be advantageous to increase security measures.

Keywords

• Violence, Health Workers, State Hospital, Questionnaires, Malatya,

SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINA YÖNELİK ŞİDDET OLGUSUNUN BİR DEVLET HASTANESİ ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmayla son beş yıl içinde bir Devlet Hastanesinde farklı görev ve birimlerdeki sağlık çalışanlarının şiddete uğrama oranları, maruz kaldıkları şiddet tür ve sıklığı, şiddetin kim tarafından uygulandığı ve sağlık çalışanlarının maruz kaldıkları şiddet olayını yetkili merciye bildirme oranları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma, 2012 yılı Haziran ve Ağustos ayları arasında gönüllülük esasına göre ve hastanenin tüm birimlerini kapsayacak şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya 168 sağlık çalışanı katıldı. Veriler katılımcıların cinsiyet, yaş, meslek grubu ve çalıştıkları klinikler bazında ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiş ve aralarındaki farklılıklar Ki-Kare Testi ile istatistiksel denetime tabi tutulmuştur. Ankete katılanlardan son 5 yılda şiddete maruz kalanların oranı %82.7`dir. Erkeklerin %81.2`si, kadınların ise %84.3`ü son beş yılda şiddete maruz kaldıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Şiddet olgusunda kadınların en çok sözel, erkeklerin en çok sözel+fiziksel şiddete maruziyeti mevcuttur. Şiddet olgusuna son beş yılda kadınların %44.3`ü, erkeklerin %40.6`sı iki ya da üç kez karşılaşmışlardır. Şiddet olgusu ile karşılaşıldığında kadınların %28.6`sının bildirdiği, %71.4`ünün bildirmediği, erkeklerin %10.1`inin bildirdiği, %89.9`unun ise bildirmediği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.Sonuç olarak; elde edilen bu bulgular ışığında çalışanlarının büyük bir bölümü şiddet olgusuyla karşı karşıya bulunan sağlık sektöründe, çalışanlara yönelik şiddetin azaltılabilmesi amacıyla yasal düzenlemelerin gözden geçirilerek cezai yaptırımların artırılması, kamuoyu bilincinin oluşturulması, güvenlik önlemlerinin artırılması yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Şiddet, Sağlık Çalışanları, Devlet Hastanesi, Anket Çalışması, Malatya,

References

1. World Health Organization Violence and Health, (1998). Task Force on Violence and Health. Cenevre. WHO.
2. McNamara, R.M., Whitley, T.W., Sanders, A.B., and Andrew L.B., (1995). The extent and effects of abuse and harassment of emergency medicine residents. The SAEM In-service Survey Task Force. Acad Emerg Med; 2, pp:293-301.
3. Keashly, L., (2001). Interpersonal and systemic aspects of emotional abuse at work: the target's perspective. Violence Vict; 16, pp:233-268.
4. Saines, J.C., (1999). Violence and aggression in A&E: recommendations for action. Accid Emerg Nurs; 7, pp:8-12.
5. Lyneham, J., (2000). Violence in New South Wales emergency departments. Aust J Adv Nurs; 18, pp:8-17.
6. Bureau of Labor Statistics, (1995). Nonfatal Occupational Injuries Due tok Assault and Violent Acts. Washington, DC, U.S. Department of Labor.
7. Elliott, P.P., (1997). Violence in health care. What nurse managers need to know. Nurs Manage; 28, pp:38-41, quiz 42.
8. Barrett, S., (1997). Protecting against workplace. Public Manage; 79, pp:9-12.

9. Gates, D.M., (1995). Workplace violence. AAOHN J; 43, pp:5365
10. Fernandes, C., Bouthillette, F., Raboud, J.M., Bullock, L., Moore, C., Christenson, J.M., et al., (1999). Violence in the emergency department: a survey of health care workers. CMAJ; 16, pp:161-170.
11. Erickson, L. and William-Evans S.A., (2000). Attitudes of emergency nurses regarding patient assaults. J Emerg Nurs; 26, pp:210-215.
12. Hoag-Apel, C.M., (1998). Violence in the emergency department. Nurs Manage; 29, pp:60-63.
13. Levin, P.F., Hewitt, B.J., and Misner, T.S., (1998). Insights of nurses about assault in hospital based emergency departments. Image J Nurs Sch; 30, pp:249-254.
14. Flannery, R.B., (1996). Violence in the workplace, 1970-1995: a review of the literature. Aggress Violent Behav; 1, pp:57-68. Omaç, M., Eğri, M. ve Karacaoğlu, L., (2010). Malatya İl Merkezi hastanelerinde çalışmakta olan hemşirelerin epworth uykuluk ölçeği ile uyku durumlarının incelenmesi. e-Journal of New World Science Academy; 5(4), ss:49-56.
15. Ayrancı, Ü., Yenilmez, Ç., Günay, Y. ve Kaptanoğlu, C., (2002) [The frequency of being exposed to violence in the various health institutions and health profession groups]. Journal of Anatolian Psychiatry; 3(3), ss:147-54.
16. Gökçe, T. ve Dündar, C., (2008). [The frequency of exposing to violence and ıts effects on state and trait anxiety levels among the doctors and nurses working in Samsun Psychiatry Hospital].İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi; 15, ss:25
17. Winstanley, S. and Whittington, R., (2004). Aggression towards health care staff in a UK general hospital: variation among professions and departments. J Clin Nurs; 13, pp:3-10.
18. Lau, J., Magarey, J., and McCutcheon, H., (2004). Violence in the emergency department: A literature review. Aust Emerg Nurs J; 7, pp:27-37.
19. Ayranci, U., Yenilmez, C., Balci, Y. ve Kaptanoglu, C., (2006). Identification of violence in Turkish health care settings. J Interpers Violence; 21, ss:276-296.
20. Owen, C., Tarantello, C., Jones, M., and Tennant, C., (1998). Violence and aggression in psychiatric units. Psychiatr Serv; 49, pp:1452-1457.
21. Erkol, H., Gökdoğan, M.R., Erkol, Z. ve Boz, B., (2007). Aggression and violence towards health care providers a problem in Turkey? J Forensic Leg Med; 14, ss:423-428.
22. Barlow, C.B. and Rizzo, A.G., (1997). Violence against surgical residents. West J Med; 167, pp:74-78.
23. Ergün, F.S. ve Karadakovan, A., (2005). Violence towards nursing staff in emergency departments in one Turkish city. Int Nurs Rev; 52, ss:154-160.
24. Dalphond, D., Gessner, M., Giblin, E., Hijazzi, K., and Love, C., (2000). Violence against emergency nurses. J Emerg Nurs; 26, ss: Annagür, B., (2010). Violence towards health care staff: risk factors, aftereffects, evaluation and prevention. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar; 2(2), ss:161-173.
25. Öztunç, G., (2001). An examination of verbal and physical abuse incidents that nurses encounter in their work, in various hospitals in Adana. Journal of Nursing College of Cumhuriyet University; 5(1), ss:1-9.
26. Bilgin, H. ve Buzlu, S., (2006). A study of psychiatric nurses’ beliefs and attitudes about work safety and assaults in Turkey. Issues Ment Health Nurs; 27(1) ss:75-90.