PREMATÜRE OVARİAN YETMEZLİKLER

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 70 - 81, 31.01.2019

Gamze Nur Cimilli Şenocak

Abstract

Prematüre ovarian yetmezlik,
basitçe overlerin sahip olduğu foliküler kapasite veya fonksiyonu normal
menopozal süreç gelişmeden çok daha önce kaybetmesi olarak düşünülebilir.
Etyolojisinde genetik nedenler, overleri etkileyen toksik ajanlar veya cerrahi
prosedürler, otoimmun nedenler, enfeksiyonlar, kalısal problemler bulunabildiği
gibi; bazen multifaktöriel olup birçok durum bir arada görüebilir. Kimi zaman
ise nedenini tam olarak belirlemek mümkün olmamaktadır. Prematüre ovarian
yetmezlikli kişilerin erken tespit edilmesi ve uygun tedaviye yönlendirilmeleri
hem fertiliteleri açısından, hem genetik durumlarda uygun vücut ve cinsiyet
gelişimini sağlayabilmeleri açısından, hem de sonraki dönemlerdeki hayat
kalitelerinin artırılması açısından çok büyük önem arzetmektedir.

Keywords

Menopoz, Over Rezervi, Ovarian Yetmezlik, Foliküler Atrezi, İnfertilite

PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE

Abstract

     Premature ovarian failure may simply be thought as
losing the follicular capacity or function of ovaries before the development of
normal menopausal period. As well as genetic causes, toxic agents or surgical
procedures affecting the ovaries, autoimmune reasons, enfections, hereditary
problems can be found in ovarian failure ethiology; sometimes it can be
multifactorial and several stuations can be seen together. Sometimes it is not
possible to determine it’s cause. To determine the people with remature ovarian
failure and refering them to appropriate treatment is very important because of both their
fertilities, providing appropriate body and gender developments for genetic
causes and in terms of increasing the quality of life in next periods.  

Keywords

Menopause, Ovarian Reserve, Ovarian Failure, Follicular Atresia, İnfertility

References

• 1. Taylor, A.E., Adams, J.M., Mulder, J.E., Martin, K.A., Sluss, P.M., and Crowley, W.F.J.,(1996). A randomized, Controlled Trial of Estradiol Replacement Therapy in Women With Hypergonadotropic Amenorrhea. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 81(10):3615.
• 2. Kaya, O., Dane, C., Kaya, E., Semiz, M.M., Çetin, A. ve Saygı, G., (2014). Postmenopozal Kanamalı Hastalarda Endometrial Kalınlığın Endometrial Maligniteyi Saptamadaki Öngörüsü. Haseki Tıp Bülteni: 52:164-7.
• 3. McKinlay, S.M., Brambilla, D.J., and Posner, J.G., (1992). The Normal Menopause Transition. Maturitas. 14(2):103.
• 4. Miyazaki, K., Miki, F., Uchida, S., Masuda, H., Uchida, H., and Maruyama, T., (2015). Serum Estradiol Level During Withdrawal Bleeding as a Predictive Factor for Intermittent Ovarian Function in Woman with Primary Ovarian Insufficiency. Endocrine Journal. 62(1):93-99.
• 5. Baker, T.G., (1963). A Quantitative and Pytological Study of Germ Cells in Human Ovaries. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 158:417.
• 6. Gondos, B., Westergaard, L., and Byskov, A., (1986). Initiation of Oogenezis in the Human Fetal Ovary: Ultrastructural and Squash Preperation Study. Am J Obstet. Gynecol. 155:189.
• 7. Ratts, V.S., Flaws, J.A., Kolp, R., Sorenson, C.M., and Tilly, J.L., (1995). Ablation of bcl-2 Gene Expression Decreases the numbers of Oocytes and Primordial Follicles Established İn The Post Natal Female Mouse Gonad. Endocrinology: 136:3665.
• 8. Morita, Y. and Tilly, J.L., (1999). Oocyte Apoptosis: Like Sand Through an Hourglass. Dev Biol. 213(1):1.
• 9. Rao, G.D., Chian, R.C., Son, W.S., Gilbert, L., and Tan, S.L., (2004). Fertility Preservation in Women Undergoing Cancer Treatment. Lancet. 363(9423):1829.
• 10. Kuiri-Hänninen, T., Sankilampi, U., and Dunkel, L., (2014). Activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Infancy: Minipuberty. Horm Res Paediatr. 82(2):73-80. 11. Baker, T.G., (1971). Radiosensitivity of Mammalian Oocytes with Particular Reference to The Human Female. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 110(5):746.
• 12. Pache, T.D., Wladimiroff, J.W., de Jong, F.H., Hop, W.C., and Fauser, B.C., (1990). Growth Patterns of Nondominant Ovarian Follicles During the Normal Menstrual Cycle. Fertil Steril. 54(4):638.
• 13. Ducibella, T., (1991). Mammalian Egg Cortical Granules and the Cortical Reaction, in Wassarman PM, ed. Elements of mammalian fertilization, CRC press, Boca Raton (Florida):106-231.
• 14. Barbarino-Monnier, P., (2000). Premature Ovarian Failure (article in french). J Gynecol. Obstet. Biol. Reprod. (Paris). 29(3):316-8.
• 15. Welt, C.K., (2017). Pathogenesis and Causes of Primary Ovarian İnsufficiency (Prematüre Ovarian Failure): https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pathogenesis-and-causes-of-spontaneus-primary-ovarian-insufficiency-premature-ovarian-failure.
• 16. Coulam, C.B., Adamson, S.C., and Annegers, J.F., (1986). Incidence of Premature Ovarian Failure. Obstet Gynecol. 67(4):604. 17. Lunding, S.A., Aksglade, L., Anderson, R.A., Main, K.M., Juul, A., Hagen, C.P., and Pedersen, A.T., (2015). AMH as Predictor of Prmature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Longitudinal Study of 120 Turner Syndrome Patients. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: 100(1):E 1030-8.
• 18. Center, J.R., Mc Elduff, A., and Roberts, C.G., (1994 May). Premature Ovarian Failure and Ovarian Dysgenesis Associated with Balanced and Unbalanced X-6 Translocations, Respectively: Implications fort he Investigation of Ovarian Failure. Aust N Z J Obstet. Gynaecol. 34(2):185-8.
• 19. Schlessinger, D., Herrera, L., Crisponi, L., Mumm, S., Percesepe, A., Pellegrini, M., et al., (2002). Genes and Translocations Involved in POF. Am J Med Genet. 111(3):328.
• 20. Rizzolio, F., Bione, S., Sala, C., Goegan, M., Gentile, M., Gregato, G., et all., (2006 June). Chromosomal Rearrangements in Xq and Premature Ovarian Failure: Mapping of 25 New Cases and Review Of The Literatüre. Human Reproduction. 21(6):1477–1483.
• 21. Sherman, S.L., (2000). Premature Ovarian Failure in the Fragile X Syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics. 97(3):189-194.
• 22. Welt, C.K., (2008). Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: A more Accurate term for Premature Ovarian Failure. Clinical Endocrinology. 68:499–509.
• 23. Galloway, S.M., McNatty, K.P., Cambridge, L.M., Laitinen, M.P., Juengel, J.L., Jokiranta, T.S., et all., (2000). Mutations in an Oocyte-Derived Growth Factor Gene (BMP15) Cause Increased Ovulation Rate And İnfertility İn A Dosage-Sensitive Manner. Nature Genetics. 25:279–283.
• 24. Ellis, N.A. and German, J., (1996). Molecular Genetics of Bloom Syndrome. Hum. Mol. Genet.: 5 Spec no:1457.
• 25. Jaubert, F., Galmiche, L., Lortat-Jacob, S., and Fournet, J.C., Fellous, M., (2011). FOXL2 in Gonad Development and Pathology.: Arkh. Patol. 73(4):10-3, Jul-Aug.
• 26. Bakalov, V.K., Anasti, J.N., Calis, K.A., Vanderhoof, V.H., Premkumar, A., Chen, S., et all., (2005). Autoimmune Oophoritis as a Mechanism of Follicular Dysfunction in Women with 46, XX Spontaneous Premature Ovarian Failure. Fertil Steril: 84(4):958.
• 27. Saif, A. and Assem, M., (2017). Premature Ovarian Failure could be an Alarming Signing of Polyglandular Otoimmune Dysfunction: Endocr. Regul. 51(2):114-116.
• 28. Goswami, D. and Conway, G.S., (2005). Premature Ovarian Failure. Hum. Reprod. Update. 11(4):391-410.
• 29. Bhangoo, A., Buyuk, E., Oktay, K., and Ten, S., (2007). Phenotypic Features of 46,XX Females with StAR Protein Mutations.: Pediatr. Endocrinol. Rev. 5(2):633-41.
• 30. Levine, M.A., Downs, R.W.J., Moses, A.M., Breslau, N.A., Marks, S.J., Lasker, R.D., et all., (1993). Resistance to Multiple Hormones in Patientswith Pseudohypoparathyroidism. Association with Deficient Activity of Guanine Nucleotide Regulatory Protein. Am J. Med. 74(4):545.
• 31. Jankowska, K., (2017). Premature Ovarian Failure. Prz Menopauzalny. 16(2):51-56.
• 32. Corenblum, B., Rowe, T., and Taylor, P.J., (1993). High-dose, Short-Term Glucocorticoids for The Treatment of Infertility Resulting from Premature Ovarian Failure. Fertil Steril. 59:988–991.
• 33. Barbieri, R.L., (?). Management of Spontaneus Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (premature ovarian failure): https://www.uptodate.com/MusePath/contents/management-of-spontaneous-primary-ovarian-insufficiency-premature-ovarian-failure.