The study area covers an area of
approximately 600km2 in the Gerede district of the Province of Bolu,
which is located in 1/25.000 scale G28 a1 a2 a3 a4 topographical sheets showing
north-west of Turkey. This study tried to reveal the general geology of the
study region, which is bound by the Mengen district on the north and Gerede
district on the southeast. The study area includes various rocks with similar
lithology and stratigraphic sequence with ages ranging from the Paleozoic to
Quaternary period. Although the base complex, which constitutes the oldest,
rocks of the region, cannot be observed in the mapped geographical area in
Gerede, though it's known to exist at the base. The limestones developed on the
tithonic facies of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous age on the base complex of
Permo-Triassic period are incompatible. It is determined that the Upper
Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous aged limestones are rich in titonic facies and rich
in calpionel contents. As a result of detailed paleontological and
biostratigraphic studies on the samples; 3 calpionel species and 7 species of
these species, including Tintinnopsella carpathica (Murgeanui & Filipescu),
Crassicollaria brevis Remane, Crassicollaria intermedia (Durand Delga), Crassicollaria
parvula Remane, Crassicollaria massutiniana (Colom), Calpionella alpina Lorenz,
Calpionella elliptica Cadisch. It was determined in the study area, the lower
levels of Upper Cretaceous are composed of sandstone-shale-marl intercalated
flysch and clayey limestones containing agglomerate intercalations and the
Maastrichtian level are composed of rocks and felsic intrusive rocks in the
volcano-flysch facies. Among Maestrichtian age-giving units; Globotruncana arca
Cushman, Globotruncanita conica White, Rosita contusa (Cushman) and
Globotruncana sp. planktonic foraminifera were detected. Considering the
relationship between the rocks in the region, the presence of a gradual
transgression along the Mesozoic is noteworthy. It is composed of Tertiary,
Paleocene aged sandstone shales, agglomerate, Lutetian, Miocene and Neogene
aged terrestrial formations with volcanic activities, occurred in a marine
environment and particularly observed in the western part.
Primary Language | English |
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Subjects | Engineering |
Journal Section | Geological Engineering |
Authors | |
Publication Date | April 20, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 13 Issue: 2 |