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EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 24 - 36, 06.07.2017

Feyza Meryem Kara Behlül Özdedeoğlu

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to analyze the
relation between leisure boredom and leisure constraints in individuals, who
are participants/non-participants of recreational activities and living in
Ankara, and the relation between leisure boredom and leisure constraints in
terms of demographic variables. 238 people who living in Turkey, Ankara city (Altındağ,
Çankaya, Etimegut and Mamak)-participant/non-participant of recreational
activities- 152 women and 86 male participated in this study. As a data
collection tool, “Leisure Boredom Scale” and “Leisure Constraints Questionnaire-18”,
were used. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods, ANOVA
and Pearson Correlation test. In addition, research results showed that
participants’ scores obtained from “Leisure Boredom Scale” and “Leisure
Constraints Questionnaire-18”, there was a statistically significant difference
in gender, marital status and age variables, and there was a significant relationship
between these variables (p<0.05). As a result, it was determined that there
was a statistically significant and positive relationship between leisure boredom
and leisure constraints (p<0.05).

Keywords

Leisure Leisure Boredom Leisure Constraints Physical Activity Recreation

References

  • 1. Alexandris, K. and Carroll, B., (1997). Demographic Differences in the Perception of Constraints on Recreational Sport Participation: Results from a Study in Greece. Leisure Studies, 107-125.
  • 2. Amin, T.T., Suleman, W., Ali, A., Gamal, A., and Wehedy, A.A., (2011). Pattern, Prevalence and Perceived Personal Barriers Toward Physical Activity Among Adult Saudis In Al-Hassa, KSA, Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 8(6), 775-784.
  • 3. Aran, S., (2014). A Case Study on Defining Leisure Time Motivation of Recreation Students. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 734-739.
  • 4. Banta, T.W., Bradley, J., and Bryant, J., (1991). Quality and Importance of Recreational Services: Technical Manual and Survey. Corvallis, OR: NIRSA.
  • 5. Beggs, B.A. and Elkins, D.J., (2010). The Influence of Leisure Motivation on Leisure Satisfaction, LARNet; The Cyber Journal of Applied Leisure and Recreation Research.
  • 6. Büyüköztürk Ş., (2008). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı (9. Basım). Ankara, Pegem Akademi.
  • 7. Crawford, D.W. and Godbey, G., (1987). Reconceptualizing barriers to family leisure. Leisure Sciences, 9(2), 119-127.
  • 8. Crawford, D.W., Jackson, E.L., and Godbey, G., (1991). A Hierarchical Model of Leisure Constraints. Leisure Sciences, 13, 309-320.
  • 9. Çoruh, Y. and Karaküçük, S., (2014). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Rekreasyonel Eğilimleri ve Rekreasyonel Etkinliklere Katılımına Engel Olan Faktörler. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, SI(1) 854-862.
  • 10. Damianidis, C., Kouthouris, C., and Alexandris, K., (2007). Perceived Constraints on Extracurricular Sports Recreation Activities among Students. The Case Study of Schools of Livadia City in Greece., Inquiries in Sports and Physical Education, 5(3), 379-385.
  • 11. Demir, N. and Demir, C., (2006). Bireylerin Boş Zaman Faaliyetlerine Katılmalarını Etkileyen Faktörler İle Cinsiyet Arasındaki İlişki: Lisans Öğrencilerine Yönelik Bir Uygulama Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 6(1), 26-48.
  • 12. Demirel, M., Dumlu, Y., Gürbüz, B. and Balcı, V., (2013). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Rekreasyonel Etkinliklere Katılımını Engelleyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi, 2. Rekreasyon Araştırmaları Kongresi, Aydın, Turkey, Bildiriler Kitabı, pp:600-607.
  • 13. Ekinci, E.E., Kalkavan A., Üstün, Ü.D. and Gündüz, B., (2014). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sportif ve Sportif Olmayan Rekreatif Etkinliklere Katılmalarına Engel Olabilecek Unsurların İncelenmesi, Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1):1-13.
  • 14. Emir, E., (2012). Rekreatif Etkinliklere Katılımın Önündeki Engellerin Belirlenmesi: Üniversite Öğrencileri Örneği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Trabzon: Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı.
  • 15. Emir, E., Öncü, E. and Gürbüz, B., (2013). Determination of Constraints Against Participation Recreational Activities: Perspectives of University Students, 55th ICHPER.SD Anniversary World Congress and Exposition, İstanbul, Turkey, 532, December 19-21.
  • 16. Godbey, G., (1999). Leisure and Sexuality. In Leisure in Your Life: An Exploration. State College, PA: Venture.
  • 17. Gratton, C., (2000). Economics of Sport and Recreation, London, U.K., Sport Press.
  • 18. Gürbüz, B. and Karaküçük, S., (2007). Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği-28: Ölçek Geliştirme, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Gazi Üniversitesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, XII, 1, pp:3-10.
  • 19. Gürbüz, B., Öncü, E. and Emir, E., (2012). Leisure Constraints Questionnaire: Testing the Construct Validity. 12th International Sports SciencesCongress, Denizli, Turkey, 339-343.
  • 20. Houlihan, B., (1997). Sport, Policy, and Politics: A Comparative Analysis. London: Routledge.
  • 21. Howard, D.K. and Young, M.E., (2002). Leisure: A Pathway to Love and Intimacy. Disability Studies Quarterly. 22(4), 101-120.
  • 22. Iso-Ahola, S.E. and Weissinger, E., (1987). Leisure and Boredom. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 5(3), 356–364.
  • 23. Iso-Ahola, S.E. and Weissinger, E., (1990). Perceptions of Boredom in Leisure: Conceptualization, Reliability and Validity of the Leisure Boredom Scale. Journal of Leisure Research, 22(1), 1–17.
  • 24. Jackson, E.L., (1988). Leisure Constraints: A Survey of Past Research. Leisure Sciences, 10, 203–215.
  • 25. Jackson, E.L., (2005). Leisure Constraints Research: Overview of a Developing Theme in Leisure Studies. In E. L. Jackson (Ed.), Constraints to Leisure (pp:3–19). State College, PA: VenturePub., Inc
  • 26. Jackson, E. and Henderson, K., (1995). Gender-based Analysis of Leisure Constraints. Leisure Sciences, 15, 1-11.
  • 27. Jensen, C.R., (1977). Leisure and Recreation: Introduction and Overview. Philadelphia: Lea&Febiger.
  • 28. Kara, F.M., (2014). Gendered Space; Recreatıon and Women. 13th International Sport Science Congress: Konya/Turkey.
  • 29. Kara, F.M., (2015). Serbest Zamanda Sıkılma Algısının Yaşam Kalitesi ve Evlilik Doyumu Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Ankara.
  • 30. Kara, F.M., Gürbüz, B., and Öncü, E., (2014). Leisure Boredom Scale: The Factor Structure and the Demographic Differences. The Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise (TJSE) 16(2), 28-35.
  • 31. Karaküçük, S., (2005). Rekreasyon Boş Zamanları Değerlendirme, (5. Baskı), Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • 32. Karaküçük, S. and Gürbüz, B., (2007). Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği-28: Ölçek Geliştirme, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(3-10).
  • 33. Kay, T. and Jackson, G., (1991). Leisure Despite Constraint: The Impact of Leisure Constraints on Leisure Participation. Journal of Leisure Research, 23, 301–313.
  • 34. Kraus, R. and Bates, B., (1975). Recreation Leadership and Supervision, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  • 35. Koca, C., Henderson, K.A, Asci, F.H., and Bulgu, N., (2009). Constraints to Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Negotiation Strategies in Turkish Women, Journal of Leisure Research, 41.2, 225-251.
  • 36. Lee, B. and Zhang, A., (2010). Women’s Leisure and Leisure Satisfaction in Contemporary Urban China. World Leisure Journal, 52, 211–221.
  • 37. Mannell, R. and Loucks-Atkinson, A., (2005). Why Don’t People Do What’s “Good” For Them? Cross Fertilization among the Psychologies of Non-participation in Leisure, Health and Exercise Behaviours. In E., Jackson (Ed.), Constrains to Leisure pp:221-232. Pennsylvania: Venture Publishing.
  • 38. McLean, D.D., Hurd, A., and Rogers, N., (2008). Kraus’ Recreation and Leisure in Modern Society, Jones&Barlett Publishers, Sudbury, MA.
  • 39. Mikulas, W.L. and Vodanovich, S.J., (1993). The Essence of Bore-dom. Psychological Record, 43:3-12.
  • 40. Moccia, F.D., (2000). Planning Time: An Emergent European Practice. European Planning Studies, 8(3), 367-376.
  • 41. Mowen, A.J., Payne, L.L. and Scott, D., (2005). Change and Stability in Park Visit at Once on Straints Revisited. Leisure Sciences, 27, 191–204.
  • 42. Mull, R.F., Bayless, K.G., and Jamieson, L.M., (2005). Recreational Sport Management, Human Kinetics, Champaign.
  • 43. Nyaupane, G.P. and Andereck, K.L., (2008). Understanding Travel Constraints: Application and Extension of a Leisure Constraints Model. Journal of Travel Research, 46, 433–439.
  • 44. Oh, S.S., Caldwell, L.L., and Oh, S.Y., (2001). An Examination of Leisure Constraints, Participation in Creative Activities and Hobbies, and Leisure Boredom in a Sample of Korean Adults, World Leisure Journal, 43(2), 30-38.
  • 45. Özşaker, M., (2012). Gençlerin Serbest Zaman Aktivitelerine Katılamama Nedenleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(1), 126-131.
  • 46. Pala, F. and Dinç, S.C., (2013). Kamu Kurumlarında Görev Yapan Personelin Serbest Zaman Etkinliklerine Katılımını Engelleyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi, 2. Rekreasyon Araştırmaları Kongresi, Aydın, Turkey, 632-637.
  • 47. Russell, R.V., (1996). Pastimes: The Context of Contemporary Leisure. Madison, WI: Brown and Benchmark.
  • 48. Searle, M.S., Mactavish, J.B., and Brayley, R.E., (1993). Integrating Ceasing Participation with Other Aspects of Leisure Behavior: A Replication and Extension. Journal of Leisure Research, 25(4), 389–404.
  • 49. Scott, D., (2005). The Relevance of Constraints Research to Leisure Service Delivery. In E.L. Jackson (ed.) Constraints to Leisure, pp. 279-93. State College, PA: Venture Publishing, Inc.
  • 50. Shaw, S.M., (1996). Boredom, Stres and Social Control in the Daily Activities of Adolescents. Journal of Leisure Research, 28(4), 274–293.
  • 51. Shuta, V.J., (1993). The Definition of Boredom, as well as Boredom vs. Being Doomed. Retrieved From: http://www.pdv-systeme.de/users/martinv/pgg/02R/02R048.html. Inactive link. Last access: January 15, 2013.
  • 52. Sönmez, G.A., Argan, M., Sabirli, T.N., and Sevil, T., (2010). A Different Leisure Activity for Turkish Women: Invitation Day. World Leisure Journal, 52(2), 94–103. doi:10.1080/04419057.2010.9674634.
  • 53. Tolukan, E. and Yılmaz, B., (2014). Özel Yetenekle İlgili Bölümlerde Okuyan Öğrencilerin Rekreasyonel Aktivitelere Katılımlarına Engel Olabilecek Unsurların Belirlenmesi. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport. (SI)1, 529-535.
  • 54. Torkildsen, G., (2005). Leisure and Recreation Management. New York: Routledge.
  • 55. Vodanovich, S.J. and Watt J.D., (1999). The Relationship between Time Structure and Boredom Proneness: An Investigation Between Two Cultures. Journal of Social Psychology, 139(2), 143-152.
  • 56. Vodanovich, S.J., (2003). Psychometric Measures of Boredom: A review of The Literature. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 137(6), 569-595.

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 24 - 36, 06.07.2017

Feyza Meryem Kara Behlül Özdedeoğlu

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to analyze the
relation between leisure boredom and leisure constraints in individuals, who
are participants/non-participants of recreational activities and living in
Ankara, and the relation between leisure boredom and leisure constraints in
terms of demographic variables. 238 people who living in Turkey, Ankara city (Altındağ,
Çankaya, Etimegut and Mamak)-participant/non-participant of recreational
activities- 152 women and 86 male participated in this study. As a data
collection tool, “Leisure Boredom Scale” and “Leisure Constraints Questionnaire-18”,
were used. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods, ANOVA
and Pearson Correlation test. In addition, research results showed that
participants’ scores obtained from “Leisure Boredom Scale” and “Leisure
Constraints Questionnaire-18”, there was a statistically significant difference
in gender, marital status and age variables, and there was a significant relationship
between these variables (p<0.05). As a result, it was determined that there
was a statistically significant and positive relationship between leisure boredom
and leisure constraints (p<0.05).

References

  • 1. Alexandris, K. and Carroll, B., (1997). Demographic Differences in the Perception of Constraints on Recreational Sport Participation: Results from a Study in Greece. Leisure Studies, 107-125.
  • 2. Amin, T.T., Suleman, W., Ali, A., Gamal, A., and Wehedy, A.A., (2011). Pattern, Prevalence and Perceived Personal Barriers Toward Physical Activity Among Adult Saudis In Al-Hassa, KSA, Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 8(6), 775-784.
  • 3. Aran, S., (2014). A Case Study on Defining Leisure Time Motivation of Recreation Students. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 734-739.
  • 4. Banta, T.W., Bradley, J., and Bryant, J., (1991). Quality and Importance of Recreational Services: Technical Manual and Survey. Corvallis, OR: NIRSA.
  • 5. Beggs, B.A. and Elkins, D.J., (2010). The Influence of Leisure Motivation on Leisure Satisfaction, LARNet; The Cyber Journal of Applied Leisure and Recreation Research.
  • 6. Büyüköztürk Ş., (2008). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı (9. Basım). Ankara, Pegem Akademi.
  • 7. Crawford, D.W. and Godbey, G., (1987). Reconceptualizing barriers to family leisure. Leisure Sciences, 9(2), 119-127.
  • 8. Crawford, D.W., Jackson, E.L., and Godbey, G., (1991). A Hierarchical Model of Leisure Constraints. Leisure Sciences, 13, 309-320.
  • 9. Çoruh, Y. and Karaküçük, S., (2014). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Rekreasyonel Eğilimleri ve Rekreasyonel Etkinliklere Katılımına Engel Olan Faktörler. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, SI(1) 854-862.
  • 10. Damianidis, C., Kouthouris, C., and Alexandris, K., (2007). Perceived Constraints on Extracurricular Sports Recreation Activities among Students. The Case Study of Schools of Livadia City in Greece., Inquiries in Sports and Physical Education, 5(3), 379-385.
  • 11. Demir, N. and Demir, C., (2006). Bireylerin Boş Zaman Faaliyetlerine Katılmalarını Etkileyen Faktörler İle Cinsiyet Arasındaki İlişki: Lisans Öğrencilerine Yönelik Bir Uygulama Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 6(1), 26-48.
  • 12. Demirel, M., Dumlu, Y., Gürbüz, B. and Balcı, V., (2013). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Rekreasyonel Etkinliklere Katılımını Engelleyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi, 2. Rekreasyon Araştırmaları Kongresi, Aydın, Turkey, Bildiriler Kitabı, pp:600-607.
  • 13. Ekinci, E.E., Kalkavan A., Üstün, Ü.D. and Gündüz, B., (2014). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sportif ve Sportif Olmayan Rekreatif Etkinliklere Katılmalarına Engel Olabilecek Unsurların İncelenmesi, Sportif Bakış: Spor ve Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1):1-13.
  • 14. Emir, E., (2012). Rekreatif Etkinliklere Katılımın Önündeki Engellerin Belirlenmesi: Üniversite Öğrencileri Örneği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Trabzon: Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı.
  • 15. Emir, E., Öncü, E. and Gürbüz, B., (2013). Determination of Constraints Against Participation Recreational Activities: Perspectives of University Students, 55th ICHPER.SD Anniversary World Congress and Exposition, İstanbul, Turkey, 532, December 19-21.
  • 16. Godbey, G., (1999). Leisure and Sexuality. In Leisure in Your Life: An Exploration. State College, PA: Venture.
  • 17. Gratton, C., (2000). Economics of Sport and Recreation, London, U.K., Sport Press.
  • 18. Gürbüz, B. and Karaküçük, S., (2007). Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği-28: Ölçek Geliştirme, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Gazi Üniversitesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, XII, 1, pp:3-10.
  • 19. Gürbüz, B., Öncü, E. and Emir, E., (2012). Leisure Constraints Questionnaire: Testing the Construct Validity. 12th International Sports SciencesCongress, Denizli, Turkey, 339-343.
  • 20. Houlihan, B., (1997). Sport, Policy, and Politics: A Comparative Analysis. London: Routledge.
  • 21. Howard, D.K. and Young, M.E., (2002). Leisure: A Pathway to Love and Intimacy. Disability Studies Quarterly. 22(4), 101-120.
  • 22. Iso-Ahola, S.E. and Weissinger, E., (1987). Leisure and Boredom. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 5(3), 356–364.
  • 23. Iso-Ahola, S.E. and Weissinger, E., (1990). Perceptions of Boredom in Leisure: Conceptualization, Reliability and Validity of the Leisure Boredom Scale. Journal of Leisure Research, 22(1), 1–17.
  • 24. Jackson, E.L., (1988). Leisure Constraints: A Survey of Past Research. Leisure Sciences, 10, 203–215.
  • 25. Jackson, E.L., (2005). Leisure Constraints Research: Overview of a Developing Theme in Leisure Studies. In E. L. Jackson (Ed.), Constraints to Leisure (pp:3–19). State College, PA: VenturePub., Inc
  • 26. Jackson, E. and Henderson, K., (1995). Gender-based Analysis of Leisure Constraints. Leisure Sciences, 15, 1-11.
  • 27. Jensen, C.R., (1977). Leisure and Recreation: Introduction and Overview. Philadelphia: Lea&Febiger.
  • 28. Kara, F.M., (2014). Gendered Space; Recreatıon and Women. 13th International Sport Science Congress: Konya/Turkey.
  • 29. Kara, F.M., (2015). Serbest Zamanda Sıkılma Algısının Yaşam Kalitesi ve Evlilik Doyumu Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Ankara.
  • 30. Kara, F.M., Gürbüz, B., and Öncü, E., (2014). Leisure Boredom Scale: The Factor Structure and the Demographic Differences. The Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise (TJSE) 16(2), 28-35.
  • 31. Karaküçük, S., (2005). Rekreasyon Boş Zamanları Değerlendirme, (5. Baskı), Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • 32. Karaküçük, S. and Gürbüz, B., (2007). Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği-28: Ölçek Geliştirme, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(3-10).
  • 33. Kay, T. and Jackson, G., (1991). Leisure Despite Constraint: The Impact of Leisure Constraints on Leisure Participation. Journal of Leisure Research, 23, 301–313.
  • 34. Kraus, R. and Bates, B., (1975). Recreation Leadership and Supervision, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  • 35. Koca, C., Henderson, K.A, Asci, F.H., and Bulgu, N., (2009). Constraints to Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Negotiation Strategies in Turkish Women, Journal of Leisure Research, 41.2, 225-251.
  • 36. Lee, B. and Zhang, A., (2010). Women’s Leisure and Leisure Satisfaction in Contemporary Urban China. World Leisure Journal, 52, 211–221.
  • 37. Mannell, R. and Loucks-Atkinson, A., (2005). Why Don’t People Do What’s “Good” For Them? Cross Fertilization among the Psychologies of Non-participation in Leisure, Health and Exercise Behaviours. In E., Jackson (Ed.), Constrains to Leisure pp:221-232. Pennsylvania: Venture Publishing.
  • 38. McLean, D.D., Hurd, A., and Rogers, N., (2008). Kraus’ Recreation and Leisure in Modern Society, Jones&Barlett Publishers, Sudbury, MA.
  • 39. Mikulas, W.L. and Vodanovich, S.J., (1993). The Essence of Bore-dom. Psychological Record, 43:3-12.
  • 40. Moccia, F.D., (2000). Planning Time: An Emergent European Practice. European Planning Studies, 8(3), 367-376.
  • 41. Mowen, A.J., Payne, L.L. and Scott, D., (2005). Change and Stability in Park Visit at Once on Straints Revisited. Leisure Sciences, 27, 191–204.
  • 42. Mull, R.F., Bayless, K.G., and Jamieson, L.M., (2005). Recreational Sport Management, Human Kinetics, Champaign.
  • 43. Nyaupane, G.P. and Andereck, K.L., (2008). Understanding Travel Constraints: Application and Extension of a Leisure Constraints Model. Journal of Travel Research, 46, 433–439.
  • 44. Oh, S.S., Caldwell, L.L., and Oh, S.Y., (2001). An Examination of Leisure Constraints, Participation in Creative Activities and Hobbies, and Leisure Boredom in a Sample of Korean Adults, World Leisure Journal, 43(2), 30-38.
  • 45. Özşaker, M., (2012). Gençlerin Serbest Zaman Aktivitelerine Katılamama Nedenleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(1), 126-131.
  • 46. Pala, F. and Dinç, S.C., (2013). Kamu Kurumlarında Görev Yapan Personelin Serbest Zaman Etkinliklerine Katılımını Engelleyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi, 2. Rekreasyon Araştırmaları Kongresi, Aydın, Turkey, 632-637.
  • 47. Russell, R.V., (1996). Pastimes: The Context of Contemporary Leisure. Madison, WI: Brown and Benchmark.
  • 48. Searle, M.S., Mactavish, J.B., and Brayley, R.E., (1993). Integrating Ceasing Participation with Other Aspects of Leisure Behavior: A Replication and Extension. Journal of Leisure Research, 25(4), 389–404.
  • 49. Scott, D., (2005). The Relevance of Constraints Research to Leisure Service Delivery. In E.L. Jackson (ed.) Constraints to Leisure, pp. 279-93. State College, PA: Venture Publishing, Inc.
  • 50. Shaw, S.M., (1996). Boredom, Stres and Social Control in the Daily Activities of Adolescents. Journal of Leisure Research, 28(4), 274–293.
  • 51. Shuta, V.J., (1993). The Definition of Boredom, as well as Boredom vs. Being Doomed. Retrieved From: http://www.pdv-systeme.de/users/martinv/pgg/02R/02R048.html. Inactive link. Last access: January 15, 2013.
  • 52. Sönmez, G.A., Argan, M., Sabirli, T.N., and Sevil, T., (2010). A Different Leisure Activity for Turkish Women: Invitation Day. World Leisure Journal, 52(2), 94–103. doi:10.1080/04419057.2010.9674634.
  • 53. Tolukan, E. and Yılmaz, B., (2014). Özel Yetenekle İlgili Bölümlerde Okuyan Öğrencilerin Rekreasyonel Aktivitelere Katılımlarına Engel Olabilecek Unsurların Belirlenmesi. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport. (SI)1, 529-535.
  • 54. Torkildsen, G., (2005). Leisure and Recreation Management. New York: Routledge.
  • 55. Vodanovich, S.J. and Watt J.D., (1999). The Relationship between Time Structure and Boredom Proneness: An Investigation Between Two Cultures. Journal of Social Psychology, 139(2), 143-152.
  • 56. Vodanovich, S.J., (2003). Psychometric Measures of Boredom: A review of The Literature. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 137(6), 569-595.
There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Feyza Meryem Kara This is me

Behlül Özdedeoğlu

Publication Date July 6, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kara, F. M., & Özdedeoğlu, B. (2017). EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS. Sport Sciences, 12(3), 24-36.
AMA Kara FM, Özdedeoğlu B. EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS. Sport Sciences. July 2017;12(3):24-36.
Chicago Kara, Feyza Meryem, and Behlül Özdedeoğlu. “EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS”. Sport Sciences 12, no. 3 (July 2017): 24-36.
EndNote Kara FM, Özdedeoğlu B (July 1, 2017) EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS. Sport Sciences 12 3 24–36.
IEEE F. M. Kara and B. Özdedeoğlu, “EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS”, Sport Sciences, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 24–36, 2017.
ISNAD Kara, Feyza Meryem - Özdedeoğlu, Behlül. “EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS”. Sport Sciences 12/3 (July 2017), 24-36.
JAMA Kara FM, Özdedeoğlu B. EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS. Sport Sciences. 2017;12:24–36.
MLA Kara, Feyza Meryem and Behlül Özdedeoğlu. “EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS”. Sport Sciences, vol. 12, no. 3, 2017, pp. 24-36.
Vancouver Kara FM, Özdedeoğlu B. EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEISURE BOREDOM AND LEISURE CONSTRAINTS. Sport Sciences. 2017;12(3):24-36.