Toxicological Aspects and Bioanalysis of Nanoparticles: Zebrafish Model

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 22 - 35, 30.06.2023

Burcu YEŞİLBUDAK

https://doi.org/10.56171/ojn.1189800

Abstract

Nanoparticles increase their availability and diversity in the environment day by day with the natural formation processes of the world geography and the development of advanced technological industry. Due to their intelligent and kaleidoscopic physico-chemical structural forms, they can cause toxic effects in various metabolic steps (in structural proteins, genetic structure, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, metabolic systems) in the organism. Despite these harmful situations some magnetite nanoparticles such as gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, nanodiamonds, dendrimers, polymeric and liposomic smart nanoparticles can be used in medical studies, pharmaceutical industry, nanotheranostic studies and molecular methods. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is used a model species in many study disciplines, has been used in many studies to reveal the potential toxic effects and positive effects of the tested nanoparticles. Both in vivo and in vitro test systems and interdisciplinary studies conducted in recent years were analyzed and evaluated via the traditional review method in the current study. Besides, many studies were grouped in order to obtain fast and efficient results on the characterization of nanoparticles and understanding their mechanism of action. A systematic search was conducted based on the keywords of this study in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Carrot², in May 2022. In addition to recognizing the toxic effects of nanoparticles, several studies were emphasized, in which the utilitarian status of nanoparticles in medical, pharmaceutical, molecular and genetic applied studies was understood more clearly day by day.

Keywords

Nanoparticle, Toxic, Zebrafish, Model species

Nanopartiküllerin Toksikolojik Yönleri ve Biyo-Analizleri: Zebra Balığı Modeli

Abstract

Nanopartiküller, dünya coğrafyasının doğal oluşum süreçleri ve ileri teknolojik sanayinin gelişimi ile çevredeki bulunurluklarını ve çeşitliliğini her geçen gün arttırmaktadır. Akıllı ve sürekli değişen fiziko-kimyasal yapısal formları nedeniyle organizmada çeşitli metabolik basamaklarda (yapı proteinlerinde, genetik yapıda, organellerde, hücrede, dokuda, organlarda, metabolik sistemlerde) toksik etkilere neden olabilmektedirler. Bu zararlı durumlara karşın altın nanopartiküller, gümüş nanopartiküller, nanoelmaslar, dendrimerler, polimerik ve lipozomik akıllı nanopartiküller gibi bazı manyetit nanopartiküller medikal çalışmalarda, eczacılık endüstrisinde, nanoteranostik çalışmalarda ve moleküler yöntemlerde kullanılabilmektedir. Birçok çalışma disiplininde model tür olarak kullanılan zebra balığı (Danio rerio) test edilen nanopartiküllerin potansiyel toksik etkileri ile pozitif etkilerini ortaya çıkarmak için bir çok çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Halihazırdaki bu çalışmayla son yıllardaki hem in vivo hem de in vitro test sistemleri ile interdisipliner boyutlu çalışmalar geleneksel derleme yöntemiyle araştırılmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca nanopartiküllerin karakterizasyonları ile etki mekanizmalarını anlamak konusunda hızlı ve verimli sonuçlar almak için birçok çalışma gruplandırılmıştır. Mayıs 2022'de PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science ve Carrot² gibi veri tabanlarında bu çalışmanın anahtar kelimeleri baz alınarak sistematik bir tarama yapıldı. Nanopartiküllerin toksik etkilerinin anlaşılmasının yanı sıra medikal, eczacılık, moleküler ve genetik uygulamalı çalışmalarda nanopartiküllerin faydacı durumlarının her geçen gün daha da anlaşıldığı çeşitli çalışmalar vurgulanmıştır.

Keywords

Nanopartikül, Toksik, Zebra balığı, Model tür

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