TR
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HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA
Abstract
Kremna located in the Province of Burdur, at the District Bucak, northeast of the
county Çamlık is one of the most important cities of Pisidia. The city surrounded by
cliffs from three sides, has a fairly sheltered location. Due to its strategic location, the
city has been turned into a Roman colony by Augustus. Shortly after, it was connected
to other four Roman colonies located within the borders of Pisidia through Via Sebaste.
From the early periods onwards Kremna was one of the most visited cities by travelers
and the single legal excavation was in 1970, lead by Prof. J. İnan around a structure
named as the Q building. Following quire short excavations, epigraphic and archaeological researches were undertaken by M. Özsait and S. Mitchell.
All of the embossed bowl moulds, evaluated in this study are of Kremnean origin
and are exhibited in the Burdur Museum. These patterns are evidences of the fact that
Kremna was the center of ceramic production in the Hellenistic period. These form the
largest group of Hellenistic embossed bowl moulds, found in a city. Moulds are classified into three different types according to their form and decoration.
Within group of type 1, pine cone-shaped bowls, produced widely in all cities as
samples of the earliest bowl moulds are examined. Type 2 moulds have similar characteristics with the Ephesus-Ionia and Delos workshops in frames decorated with Ionic
cymation and pearl-beads. However, the calyx and medallion decoration of the same
mould are different in known workshops. Carved are APTEMEOYΣ, X, X K, KPA, X
KPA or KPA X on the outer faces of almost all of the moulds of this type. Among these
words, APTEMEOYΣ clearly points out a master named APTEMHΣ. However it is not
definite that KPA and its derivatives, used as abbreviation, point out to an abbreviated
name of a master or workshop. Type 3 constitutes the latest dated embossed bowls
of Kremna. Type 3 has a deeper body and a bigger size compared to Type 2 moulds.
Embellishments used are completely different then Type 2. These embellishments are
quite worn because of overuse. Color fluctuations and embellishment distortions can be
seen in many moulds due to firing. Type 3 moulds are dated to the period between the
last quarter of the 2nd century B.C. and the middle of 1st century B.C.
In Kremna some moulds embellishments interacted with Ephesus-Ionia. However,
because many moulds vary widely in practice a new and original workshop is being
suggested. Similar embellished examples of moulds dating from the first half of 2nd
century B.C. until the middle of 1st century B.C. were found in southwest Anatolian cities such as Sagalassos, Boubon and Kibyra imply that they are products with regional
character.
Keywords
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
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Journal Section
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Authors
Publication Date
May 1, 2017
Submission Date
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Acceptance Date
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Published in Issue
Year 2017 Number: 25
APA
Metin, H. (2017). HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA. OLBA, 25, 259-296. https://izlik.org/JA58CF36ZR
AMA
1.Metin H. HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA. OLBA. 2017;(25):259-296. https://izlik.org/JA58CF36ZR
Chicago
Metin, Hüseyin. 2017. “HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA”. OLBA, nos. 25: 259-96. https://izlik.org/JA58CF36ZR.
EndNote
Metin H (May 1, 2017) HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA. OLBA 25 259–296.
IEEE
[1]H. Metin, “HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA”, OLBA, no. 25, pp. 259–296, May 2017, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA58CF36ZR
ISNAD
Metin, Hüseyin. “HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA”. OLBA. 25 (May 1, 2017): 259-296. https://izlik.org/JA58CF36ZR.
JAMA
1.Metin H. HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA. OLBA. 2017;:259–296.
MLA
Metin, Hüseyin. “HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA”. OLBA, no. 25, May 2017, pp. 259-96, https://izlik.org/JA58CF36ZR.
Vancouver
1.Hüseyin Metin. HELLENISTIC MOULDMADE BOWL MOULDS FROM KREMNA. OLBA [Internet]. 2017 May 1;(25):259-96. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA58CF36ZR