I.Ö. II. Binden Bizans Dönemine Kadar Orta Anadolu’nun Güneyinden Akdeniz Kıyılarına Uzanan Yolağı Üzerine Düşünceler

Abstract

Abstract

In the first section of this paper, we followed the Mediterranean coast route of Muvattalli II while he was going to Kadefl in the plain of Konya. We tried to locate the site of Zallara which is mentioned in the Hittite cuneiforms. In the second part, the main and secondary roads which lead from the plain of Konya to the coast of the Mediterranean sea in Roman and later ages was supported with new archaeological finds.

References

1. Ahunbay 1997 Ahunbay, M., “Binbir Kilise ve Ayatekla 1996 Yüzey Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XV/1, 1997, 59-69.
2. Ahunbay 1998 Ahunbay, M., “Binbir Kilise (Karaman) ve Ayatekla (Silifke) Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XVI/I, 1998, 95-104.
3. Ahunbay–Saner 1999 Ahunbay, M. – Saner, T., “Binbir Kilise ve Ayatekla’da (Meryemlik) 1998 Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XVII/1, 1999, 39- 49.
4. Ahunbay–Saner 2000 Ahunbay, M. – Saner, T., “Karaman (Binbir Kilise)-Silifke (Ayatekla-Mylai) Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XVIII/2, 2000, 273- 278.
5. Alk›m 1959 Alk›m, U. B., “Güney-Bat› Antitoros Bölgesinde Eski Bir Yol fiebekesi”, Belleten, XXIII/89-92, 1959, 59-78.
6. Atlan 1970 Atlan, S., Roma Tarihinin Ana Hatlar›, (1970), Ankara.
7. Ar›k 1956 Ar›k, R. O., Ankara-Konya, Eskiflehir-Yaz›l›kaya Gezileri, (1956), Ankara.
8. Bahar–Karau¤uz–Koçak Bahar, H. – Karau¤uz, G. – Koçak, Ö. 1996 Eskiça¤ Konya Araflt›rmalar› I. (Phrygia Paroreus Bölgesi: An›tlar, Yerleflmeler ve Küçük Buluntular), (1996), ‹stanbul.

9. Bahar 1991 Bahar, H., ‹sauria Bölgesi Tarihi (Yay›nlanmam›fl Doktora Tezi, Konya 1991).
10. Bahar 1995 Bahar, H., “Ilg›n Çevresi Höyükleri 1995”, AST, XIII 1995, 153-183.
11. Bahar 1996 Bahar, H., “Do¤anhisar, Ilg›n, Kad›nhan› ve Sarayönü Yüzey Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XIV/II, 1996, 359-375.
12. Bahar 1997 Bahar, H., “Konya ve Çevresi Yüzey Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XII/2, 1998, 23-54.
13. Bahar 1998a Bahar, H., “Hat›p-Kurunta An›t› ve Çevresi Yüzey Araflt›rmalar› 1996”, AST, XV, 1998, 105-120.
14. Bahar 1998b Bahar, H., “Konya ve Çevresi Yüzey Araflt›rmalar› 1997”, AST, XVI/2, 1998, 23-54.
15. Bahar 1999 Bahar, H., Demirça¤›nda Konya ve Çevresi, (1999), Konya.
16. Bahar 2000 Bahar, H., “1998-1999 Y›l› Konya-Karaman ‹lleri Yüzey Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XVIII/2, 2000, 187-204.
17. Bahar 2001 Bahar, H., “Karap›nar Çevresi Eskiça¤ Araflt›rmalar›”, bk.: Yusuf Küçükda¤ (ed.), Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nin Aç›l›fl›n›n 80. Y›ldönümü Karap›nar Sempozyumu (Karap›- nar, 26-27 Ekim 2000), Konya 151-163.
18. Bahar 2002 Bahar, H., “Konya-Karaman Yüzey Araflt›rmas›”, AST, XX/2, 2002, 171-181.
19. Balance 1958 Balance, M. H., “Roman Roads in Lycaonia”, AS, VIII, 1958, 223-234.
20. Bardakç› 1976 Bardakç›, H., Bütün Yönleriyle Ermenek, (1976), Konya.
21. Beal 1992 Beal, R. H., “The Location of Cilician Ura”, AS, XVII, 1992, 65-73
22. Bean–Mitford 1970 Bean, G. E. – Mitford, T. C., Journeys in Rough Cilicia in 1964-1968, ETAM 3, (1970), Wien.
23. Beckman 1996 Beckman, G., Hittite Diplomatic Texts, (1996), Atlanta.
24. Belke 1984 Belke, K., Galatien und Lykaonien, (1984), Wien.
25. Bittel 1976 Bittel, K. Die Hethiter, (1976), München.
26. Bryce 1985 Bryce, T. R., “A Reinterpretation of the Milawata Letter in the Light of the New Join Piece”, AS, XXXV, 1985, 13-23.
27. Cronin 1902 Cronin, H. S., “First Report on a journey in Pisidia, Lycaonia and Pamphylia”, JHS, XXII, (1902), 125-145.
28. Davesne 1985, 357-359 Davesne, A., Meydanc›kkalesi: Derniere Recherche, AST, III, 1985, 357-359.
29. Davis 1879 Davis, E. J., Life in Asiatic Turkey, a Journal of Travel in Cilicia (Pedias and Tracheia), Isauria and parts of Lykaonia and Cappadocia, (1879), London.
30. Del Monte–Tischler 1978 del Monte, G. F. – Tischler, J., Die Orts und Gewässernamen der Hethitische Texte, (Réportoire Géographique des Textes Cunéiformes-RGTC VI), (1978), Wiesbaden.
31. Del Monte 1992 del Monte, G. F., Die Orts-und Gewässernamen der Hethitischen Texte, Suplement, (Reportoire Geographique des
32. Textes Cuneiformes-RGTC VI/2), (1992), Wiesbaden.
33. Do¤anay 2003 Do¤anay, O., Germanikopolis (Ermenek) Çevresi’nin Tarihi Co¤rafyas› ve Eserleri (Yay›nlanmam›fl Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Konya 2003).
34. Eickhoff 1977 Eickhoff, E., Friedrich Barbarossa im Orient. Kreuzzug und Tod Friedrichs I., Tübingen, 1977.
35. Ercenk 1992 Ercenk, G., “Pamphylia Bölgesi ve Çevresi Eski Yol Sistemi”, Belleten, LVI/216, 1992, 361-371.
36. Ertafl 1997 Ertafl, M., Karacao¤lan, Toroslar›n Gönül Günefli, (1997), Konya.
37. Eyice 1971 Eyice, S., Karada¤ ve Karaman (Çevresinde Arkeolojik ‹ncelemeler) (Binbir Kilise), (1971), ‹stanbul.
38. French 1973 French, D., “Roman Roads in Central Anatolia”, The Proceedings of the Xth International Congress of Classical Archaeology, Ankara-‹zmir, 1973, 293-294.
39. French 1981 French, D., Roman Roads and Milestones of Asia Minor, The Pilgrim’s Road, Fasc. I (1981), Great Britain.
40. French 1984 French, D., “The Site of Dalisandus”, EpigrAnat, IV, 1984, 85-99.
41. French 1993 French, D., “Acemhöyük, Colonia Archelais and RoadKnots”, bk.: M. J. Mellink, E. Porada, T. Özgüç (ed.), Aspect of Art Iconography: Anatolia and its Neighbors. Studies In Honor of N. Özgüç, Nimet Özgüç’e Arma¤an, Ankara, 201- 207.
42. French 1994 French, D., “1993 Y›l› Küçük Asya Roma Yollar› ve Miltafllar›”, AST, XII, 1994, 29-37.
43. French 1996 French, D., “The Site of Barata and Routes in the Konya Plain”, EpigrAnat, XXVII, 1996, 93-110 (Tafel I-VIII).
44. Garstang–Gurney 1959 Garstang, J. – Gurney, O. R., The Geography of Hittite Empire, 1959, London.
45. Garstang 1929 Garstang, J., The Hittite Empire, (1929), London.
46. Garstang 1943 Garstang, J., “Hittite Military Roads in Asia Minor a Study in Imperial Strategy with a map (Plate XVII), AJA, 1943, XLVII, 35-62.
47. Garstang 1944 Garstang, J., “The ⁄ulaia River Land and Dada‡‡a‡. A Curcial Problem in Hittite Geography”, JNES, III, 1944, 14-37.
48. Goetze 1933 Goetze, A., Die Annallen des Mur‡ili‡ (MVAeG XXXVIII), (1933), Leipzig.
49. Gurney 1997 Gurney, O. R., “The Annals of Hattu‡ili III”, AS, XLVII, 1997, 127-139.
50. Güneri 1986 Güneri, S., “Orta Anadolu Höyükleri”, AST, IV, 1986, 207-225.
51. Güneri 1987 Güneri, S., “Orta Anadolu Höyükleri 1986”, AST,V/II, 1987, 77-105.
52. Güneri l989a Güneri, S., “Orta Anadolu Höyükleri, Karap›nar, Cihanbeyli, Sarayönü, Kulu Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, VII, 1989, 323-339.
53. Güneri l989b Güneri, S., “Orta Anadolu Höyükleri, Karaman-Ere¤li Araflt›rmalar›”, TAD, VII, 1989, 97-144.
54. Gülçur 1994 Gülçur, S., “Aksaray, Ni¤de ve Nevflehir ‹lleri 1993 Yüzey Araflt›rmas›”, AST, XII, 1994, 191-211.
55. Haider 1995 Haider, von P. W., “Ura-eine hethitische Handelsstadt”, Münstersche Beiträge z. Antiken Handelsgeschichte, XIV, 1995, 70-107.
56. Hawkins 1990 Hawkins, J. D., “The New Inscription from the Südburg of Bo¤azköy ⁄attu‡a”, AA, 1990, 305-314.
57. Hawkins 1992 Hawkins, J. D., “The Iscription of the K›z›l Da¤ and the Kara Da¤ in the Light of the Yalburt Inscription.”, bk.: H.
58. Otten, E. Akurgal, H. Ertem, A. Süel (ed.), Hittite And Other Anatolian and Near Eastern Studies in Honour of S. Alp, S. Alp’e Arma¤an, 1992, 259-275.
59. Hawkins 1995 Hawkins, J. D., The Hieroglyphic Inscription of the Sacred Pool Complex at Hattu‡a (SÜDBURG), (StBoT Beiheft III), With an Archaelogical Introduction by P. Neve, (1995), Wiesbaden.
60. Hawkins 1997 Hawkins, J. D., “A Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscription On A Silver Bowl in The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara”, Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi 1996 Y›ll›¤›, 1997, 7-22.
61. Hild–Restle 1981 Hild, F. – Restle, M., Kappadokien (Kappadokia, Charsianon, Sebasteia und Lykandos, (1981), Wien.
62. Hild–Hellenkemper 1990 Hild, F. – Hellenkemper, H., Kilikien und Isaurien, TIB 5, Teil I, (1990), Wien.
63. Hoffner 1982 Hoffner Jr., H. A., “The Milawata Letter Augmented and Reinterpreted”, AfO, Beiheft XIX, 1982, 130-137.
64. Hopwood 1989 Hopwood, K. R., Consent and Control: How the Peace was Keep in Rough Cilicia, BAR. ‹nter. Seri 553, (1989), Oxford.
65. van den Hout 1995 van den Hout, Theo P. J., Der Ulmite‡up-Vertrag. Eine Prosopographische Untersuchung, (StBoT 38), (1995), Wiesbaden.
66. Houwink ten Cate 1984 Houwink ten Cate, P. H. J., “Sidelights on the Ahhiyawa Question from Hittite Vassal and Royal Correspondence”, JEOL, XVIII, 1983-1984, 33-79.
67. Jasink 1991 Jasink, A. M., “Hittite and Assyria Routes to Cilicia”, De Anatolia Antiqua, I, 1991, 253-259.
68. Irby–Mangles 1823 Irby, Ch. L. – Mangles, L., Travels in Egypt and Nubia, Syria and Asia Minor during the Years 1817 and 1818, (1823), London.
69. Ifl›k 1994 Ifl›k, F., “Pttara, im Land vom Hethitischen Lukka und Homerischen Lykia”, Anadolu-Akdeniz Arkeolojisi Lykia, I, 1-11.
70. Karau¤uz 2000 Karau¤uz, G., Arkeolojik ve Filolojik Belgeler Ifl›¤›nda M.Ö. II. Binde Orta Anadolu’nun Güney Kesimi, (Yay›nlanmam›fl Doktora Tezi, Konya 2000).
71. Karau¤uz 2001 Karau¤uz, G., “M.Ö. II. Binde Konya Bölgesi Hitit Kaya An›tlar› ve Yaz›tlar› Üzerine Baz› Gözlemmler”, 2001 Y›l› Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi Konferanslar›, Ankara, 2001, 54-90, Levha I-XIII.
72. Karau¤uz 2002 Karau¤uz, G., Bo¤azköy ve Ugarit Çivi Yaz›l› Belgelerine Göre Hitit Devletinin Siyasi Antlaflma Metinleri, (2002), Konya.
73. Kinneir 1818 Kinneir, J. M., Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia and Kourdistan in the Years 1813 and 1814 with Remarks on the Marches of Alexander and Retreat of the ten thausand, (1818), London.
74. Klengel 1974 Klengel, H., “Hungejahre’ in Hatti”, AoF, I, 1974, 165-174.
75. Konyal› 1964 Konyal›, ‹. H., Abideleri ve Kitabeleri ile Konya Tarihi, (1964), Konya.
76. Laroche 1961 Laroche, E., “Etudes de Toponomie Anatolienne”, RHA, LXI, 1961, 57-98.
77. Leake 1820 Leake, W. M., Journey through some Provinces of Asia Minor in the Year 1800, (1820), London.
78. Lloyd–Mellaart 1965 Lloyd, S. – Mellaart, J., Beycesultan II. Middle Bronze Age Architecture and Pottery, (1965), Ankara.
79. Macqueen 1968 Macqueen, J. G., “Geography And History In Western Asia Minor ‹n the Second Millenium B.C.”, AS, XVIII, 1968, 169-185.
80. Melaart–Murray 1995 Melaart, J. – Murray, A., Beycesultan, III/2, (1995), Ankara.
81. Mellaart 1958 Mellaart, J., “Second Millennium Pottery from the Konya Plain Neighbourhood”, Belleten, XXII/87, 1958, 311-353.
82. Mellaart 1962 Mellaart, J., “The Late Bronze Age Monuments of Eflatun P›nar And Fas›llar Near Beyflehir”, AS, XII, 1962, lll-ll7.
83. Mellart 1974 Mellaart, J., “Western Anatolia, Beycesultan and The Hittites”, Mélanges Mansel (Mansel’e Arma¤an) I, 1974, 493-526.
84. Miller 1906 Miller, K., Tabula Peuntingeriana, (1906), ‹teneraria Romana. Mitford–Andrews 1980 Mitford, T. B. – Andrews, S. T., “Roman Rough Cilicia”, ANRW, II, 7.2, 1980, 1230-1261.
85. Niemeier 1998 Niemeier, W. D., “The Mycenaeans in Western Anatolia and the Problem of the Origins of the Sea Peoples”, Mediterranean Peoples in Transition. Thirteenth to Early Tenth Centuries BCE, In Honor of Professor T. Dothan, (Editors, S. Gitin, A. Mazar and E. Stern), Jerusalem, 1998, 17-65.
86. Olivier 1801-1807 Olivier, G. A., Voyages dans I’Empire Othoman, I’Egypte et I’Perse, Cilt VI, (1801-1807), Paris.
87. Omura1996 Omura, S., “1995 Y›l› ‹ç Anadolu’da Yürütülen Yüzey Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XIV/II, 1996, 283-302.
88. Omura1999 Omura, S., “1998 Y›l› ‹ç Anadolu Yüzey Araflt›rmas›”, AST, XVII/II, 1999, 25-29.
89. Omura 2000 Omura, S., “1999 Y›l› ‹ç Anadolu’da Yürütülen Yüzey Araflt›rmalar›”, AST, XVIII/II, 2000, 83-88.